linux/Documentation/devices.txt
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   1
   2                    LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)
   3
   4             Maintained by Alan Cox <device@lanana.org>
   5
   6                      Last revised: 6th April 2009
   7
   8This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
   9device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
  10system.
  11
  12The latest version of this list is available from
  13http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
  14ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/.  This version may be
  15newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.
  16
  17The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.
  18
  19This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
  20Standard (FHS).  The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
  21
  22Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
  23platform only.  Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
  24the Atari platform only.
  25
  26The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
  27removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these
  28allocations have already been removed.
  29
  30This document is in the public domain.  The author requests, however,
  31that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
  32permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
  33an unreasonable effort.
  34
  35In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
  36least not without contacting me first.
  37
  38I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
  39on this list.  Any such information requests will be deleted without
  40reply.
  41
  42
  43          **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****
  44
  45To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
  46where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
  47appropriate device information.  Also, if you have additional
  48information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
  49made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
  50
  51I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
  52This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
  53correct in a timely manner.  First of all, *please* send it to the
  54correct address... <device@lanana.org>.  I receive hundreds of email
  55messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
  56in the avalanche.  Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
  57your mail again should I need to.  Too many people send me email
  58saying just "device number request" in the subject.
  59
  60Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
  61as this list*.  The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
  62found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
  63device and avoid conflicts.
  64
  65Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
  66up to date.  Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
  67in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
  68haven't been listed yet.
  69
  70Fourth, remember that Linux now has extensive support for dynamic allocation
  71of device numbering and can use sysfs and udev to handle the naming needs.
  72There are still some exceptions in the serial and boot device area. Before
  73asking for a device number make sure you actually need one.
  74
  75Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police."  Please don't be
  76offended.  I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
  77to cause conflicts down the road.  I am trying to avoid getting in a
  78situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
  79change.  Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
  80device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
  81where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.
  82
  83Your cooperation is appreciated.
  84
  85
  86  0             Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
  87                  0 = reserved as null device number
  88                See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
  89
  90  1 char        Memory devices
  91                  1 = /dev/mem          Physical memory access
  92                  2 = /dev/kmem         Kernel virtual memory access
  93                  3 = /dev/null         Null device
  94                  4 = /dev/port         I/O port access
  95                  5 = /dev/zero         Null byte source
  96                  6 = /dev/core         OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
  97                  7 = /dev/full         Returns ENOSPC on write
  98                  8 = /dev/random       Nondeterministic random number gen.
  99                  9 = /dev/urandom      Faster, less secure random number gen.
 100                 10 = /dev/aio          Asynchronous I/O notification interface
 101                 11 = /dev/kmsg         Writes to this come out as printk's
 102                 12 = /dev/oldmem       Used by crashdump kernels to access
 103                                        the memory of the kernel that crashed.
 104
 105  1 block       RAM disk
 106                  0 = /dev/ram0         First RAM disk
 107                  1 = /dev/ram1         Second RAM disk
 108                    ...
 109                250 = /dev/initrd       Initial RAM disk
 110
 111                Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
 112                /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
 113                by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
 114                the initrd.
 115
 116  2 char        Pseudo-TTY masters
 117                  0 = /dev/ptyp0        First PTY master
 118                  1 = /dev/ptyp1        Second PTY master
 119                    ...
 120                255 = /dev/ptyef        256th PTY master
 121
 122                Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
 123                * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
 124                * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
 125                  the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
 126                * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
 127                  the position within the series.
 128
 129                These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
 130                devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
 131                master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
 132                demand.
 133
 134  2 block       Floppy disks
 135                  0 = /dev/fd0          Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
 136                  1 = /dev/fd1          Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
 137                  2 = /dev/fd2          Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
 138                  3 = /dev/fd3          Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
 139                128 = /dev/fd4          Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
 140                129 = /dev/fd5          Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
 141                130 = /dev/fd6          Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
 142                131 = /dev/fd7          Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
 143
 144                To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
 145                  0 = /dev/fd?          Autodetect format
 146                  4 = /dev/fd?d360      5.25"  360K in a 360K  drive(1)
 147                 20 = /dev/fd?h360      5.25"  360K in a 1200K drive(1)
 148                 48 = /dev/fd?h410      5.25"  410K in a 1200K drive
 149                 64 = /dev/fd?h420      5.25"  420K in a 1200K drive
 150                 24 = /dev/fd?h720      5.25"  720K in a 1200K drive
 151                 80 = /dev/fd?h880      5.25"  880K in a 1200K drive(1)
 152                  8 = /dev/fd?h1200     5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
 153                 40 = /dev/fd?h1440     5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
 154                 56 = /dev/fd?h1476     5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
 155                 72 = /dev/fd?h1494     5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
 156                 92 = /dev/fd?h1600     5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
 157
 158                 12 = /dev/fd?u360      3.5"   360K Double Density(2)
 159                 16 = /dev/fd?u720      3.5"   720K Double Density(1)
 160                120 = /dev/fd?u800      3.5"   800K Double Density(2)
 161                 52 = /dev/fd?u820      3.5"   820K Double Density
 162                 68 = /dev/fd?u830      3.5"   830K Double Density
 163                 84 = /dev/fd?u1040     3.5"  1040K Double Density(1)
 164                 88 = /dev/fd?u1120     3.5"  1120K Double Density(1)
 165                 28 = /dev/fd?u1440     3.5"  1440K High Density(1)
 166                124 = /dev/fd?u1600     3.5"  1600K High Density(1)
 167                 44 = /dev/fd?u1680     3.5"  1680K High Density(3)
 168                 60 = /dev/fd?u1722     3.5"  1722K High Density
 169                 76 = /dev/fd?u1743     3.5"  1743K High Density
 170                 96 = /dev/fd?u1760     3.5"  1760K High Density
 171                116 = /dev/fd?u1840     3.5"  1840K High Density(3)
 172                100 = /dev/fd?u1920     3.5"  1920K High Density(1)
 173                 32 = /dev/fd?u2880     3.5"  2880K Extra Density(1)
 174                104 = /dev/fd?u3200     3.5"  3200K Extra Density
 175                108 = /dev/fd?u3520     3.5"  3520K Extra Density
 176                112 = /dev/fd?u3840     3.5"  3840K Extra Density(1)
 177
 178                 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ    Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
 179
 180                (1) Autodetectable format
 181                (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
 182                (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
 183
 184                NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
 185                signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
 186                5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
 187                (any model, u).  The use of the capital letters D, H
 188                and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
 189                the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
 190
 191  3 char        Pseudo-TTY slaves
 192                  0 = /dev/ttyp0        First PTY slave
 193                  1 = /dev/ttyp1        Second PTY slave
 194                    ...
 195                255 = /dev/ttyef        256th PTY slave
 196
 197                These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
 198                devices are on major 136 and above.
 199
 200  3 block       First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
 201                  0 = /dev/hda          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 202                 64 = /dev/hdb          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 203
 204                For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
 205                  0 = /dev/hd?          Whole disk
 206                  1 = /dev/hd?1         First partition
 207                  2 = /dev/hd?2         Second partition
 208                    ...
 209                 63 = /dev/hd?63        63rd partition
 210
 211                For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
 212                partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
 213                Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
 214                appropriate to their respective architectures.
 215
 216  4 char        TTY devices
 217                  0 = /dev/tty0         Current virtual console
 218
 219                  1 = /dev/tty1         First virtual console
 220                    ...
 221                 63 = /dev/tty63        63rd virtual console
 222                 64 = /dev/ttyS0        First UART serial port
 223                    ...
 224                255 = /dev/ttyS191      192nd UART serial port
 225
 226                UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
 227
 228                Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
 229                number for BSD PTY devices.  As of Linux 2.1.115, this
 230                is no longer supported.  Use major numbers 2 and 3.
 231
 232  4 block       Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
 233                when its not possible to create the real device nodes
 234                because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
 235
 236                  0 = /dev/root
 237
 238  5 char        Alternate TTY devices
 239                  0 = /dev/tty          Current TTY device
 240                  1 = /dev/console      System console
 241                  2 = /dev/ptmx         PTY master multiplex
 242                  3 = /dev/ttyprintk    User messages via printk TTY device
 243                 64 = /dev/cua0         Callout device for ttyS0
 244                    ...
 245                255 = /dev/cua191       Callout device for ttyS191
 246
 247                (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71.  See
 248                the section on terminal devices for more information
 249                on /dev/console.
 250
 251  6 char        Parallel printer devices
 252                  0 = /dev/lp0          Parallel printer on parport0
 253                  1 = /dev/lp1          Parallel printer on parport1
 254                    ...
 255
 256                Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
 257                between parallel ports and I/O addresses.  Instead,
 258                they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
 259
 260  7 char        Virtual console capture devices
 261                  0 = /dev/vcs          Current vc text contents
 262                  1 = /dev/vcs1         tty1 text contents
 263                    ...
 264                 63 = /dev/vcs63        tty63 text contents
 265                128 = /dev/vcsa         Current vc text/attribute contents
 266                129 = /dev/vcsa1        tty1 text/attribute contents
 267                    ...
 268                191 = /dev/vcsa63       tty63 text/attribute contents
 269
 270                NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
 271
 272  7 block       Loopback devices
 273                  0 = /dev/loop0        First loop device
 274                  1 = /dev/loop1        Second loop device
 275                    ...
 276
 277                The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
 278                associated with block devices.  The binding to the
 279                loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
 280
 281  8 block       SCSI disk devices (0-15)
 282                  0 = /dev/sda          First SCSI disk whole disk
 283                 16 = /dev/sdb          Second SCSI disk whole disk
 284                 32 = /dev/sdc          Third SCSI disk whole disk
 285                    ...
 286                240 = /dev/sdp          Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
 287
 288                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
 289                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
 290                partitions is 15.
 291
 292  9 char        SCSI tape devices
 293                  0 = /dev/st0          First SCSI tape, mode 0
 294                  1 = /dev/st1          Second SCSI tape, mode 0
 295                    ...
 296                 32 = /dev/st0l         First SCSI tape, mode 1
 297                 33 = /dev/st1l         Second SCSI tape, mode 1
 298                    ...
 299                 64 = /dev/st0m         First SCSI tape, mode 2
 300                 65 = /dev/st1m         Second SCSI tape, mode 2
 301                    ...
 302                 96 = /dev/st0a         First SCSI tape, mode 3
 303                 97 = /dev/st1a         Second SCSI tape, mode 3
 304                      ...
 305                128 = /dev/nst0         First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
 306                129 = /dev/nst1         Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
 307                    ...
 308                160 = /dev/nst0l        First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
 309                161 = /dev/nst1l        Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
 310                    ...
 311                192 = /dev/nst0m        First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
 312                193 = /dev/nst1m        Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
 313                    ...
 314                224 = /dev/nst0a        First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
 315                225 = /dev/nst1a        Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
 316                    ...
 317
 318                "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
 319                automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
 320                ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
 321                the device used to access it.
 322
 323  9 block       Metadisk (RAID) devices
 324                  0 = /dev/md0          First metadisk group
 325                  1 = /dev/md1          Second metadisk group
 326                    ...
 327
 328                The metadisk driver is used to span a
 329                filesystem across multiple physical disks.
 330
 331 10 char        Non-serial mice, misc features
 332                  0 = /dev/logibm       Logitech bus mouse
 333                  1 = /dev/psaux        PS/2-style mouse port
 334                  2 = /dev/inportbm     Microsoft Inport bus mouse
 335                  3 = /dev/atibm        ATI XL bus mouse
 336                  4 = /dev/jbm          J-mouse
 337                  4 = /dev/amigamouse   Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
 338                  5 = /dev/atarimouse   Atari mouse
 339                  6 = /dev/sunmouse     Sun mouse
 340                  7 = /dev/amigamouse1  Second Amiga mouse
 341                  8 = /dev/smouse       Simple serial mouse driver
 342                  9 = /dev/pc110pad     IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
 343                 10 = /dev/adbmouse     Apple Desktop Bus mouse
 344                 11 = /dev/vrtpanel     Vr41xx embedded touch panel
 345                 13 = /dev/vpcmouse     Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
 346                 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00  UCB 1x00 touchscreen
 347                 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712    MK712 touchscreen
 348                128 = /dev/beep         Fancy beep device
 349                129 =
 350                130 = /dev/watchdog     Watchdog timer port
 351                131 = /dev/temperature  Machine internal temperature
 352                132 = /dev/hwtrap       Hardware fault trap
 353                133 = /dev/exttrp       External device trap
 354                134 = /dev/apm_bios     Advanced Power Management BIOS
 355                135 = /dev/rtc          Real Time Clock
 356                139 = /dev/openprom     SPARC OpenBoot PROM
 357                140 = /dev/relay8       Berkshire Products Octal relay card
 358                141 = /dev/relay16      Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
 359                142 =
 360                143 = /dev/pciconf      PCI configuration space
 361                144 = /dev/nvram        Non-volatile configuration RAM
 362                145 = /dev/hfmodem      Soundcard shortwave modem control
 363                146 = /dev/graphics     Linux/SGI graphics device
 364                147 = /dev/opengl       Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
 365                148 = /dev/gfx          Linux/SGI graphics effects device
 366                149 = /dev/input/mouse  Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
 367                150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
 368                151 = /dev/led          Front panel LEDs
 369                152 = /dev/kpoll        Kernel Poll Driver
 370                153 = /dev/mergemem     Memory merge device
 371                154 = /dev/pmu          Macintosh PowerBook power manager
 372                155 = /dev/isictl       MultiTech ISICom serial control
 373                156 = /dev/lcd          Front panel LCD display
 374                157 = /dev/ac           Applicom Intl Profibus card
 375                158 = /dev/nwbutton     Netwinder external button
 376                159 = /dev/nwdebug      Netwinder debug interface
 377                160 = /dev/nwflash      Netwinder flash memory
 378                161 = /dev/userdma      User-space DMA access
 379                162 = /dev/smbus        System Management Bus
 380                163 = /dev/lik          Logitech Internet Keyboard
 381                164 = /dev/ipmo         Intel Intelligent Platform Management
 382                165 = /dev/vmmon        VMware virtual machine monitor
 383                166 = /dev/i2o/ctl      I2O configuration manager
 384                167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
 385                168 = /dev/tcldrv       Technology Concepts serial control
 386                169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
 387                170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad    IBM Thinkpad devices
 388                171 = /dev/srripc       QNX4 API IPC manager
 389                172 = /dev/usemaclone   Semaphore clone device
 390                173 = /dev/ipmikcs      Intelligent Platform Management
 391                174 = /dev/uctrl        SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
 392                175 = /dev/agpgart      AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
 393                176 = /dev/gtrsc        Gorgy Timing radio clock
 394                177 = /dev/cbm          Serial CBM bus
 395                178 = /dev/jsflash      JavaStation OS flash SIMM
 396                179 = /dev/xsvc         High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
 397                180 = /dev/vrbuttons    Vr41xx button input device
 398                181 = /dev/toshiba      Toshiba laptop SMM support
 399                182 = /dev/perfctr      Performance-monitoring counters
 400                183 = /dev/hwrng        Generic random number generator
 401                184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
 402                186 = /dev/atomicps     Atomic shapshot of process state data
 403                187 = /dev/irnet        IrNET device
 404                188 = /dev/smbusbios    SMBus BIOS
 405                189 = /dev/ussp_ctl     User space serial port control
 406                190 = /dev/crash        Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
 407                191 = /dev/pcl181       <information missing>
 408                192 = /dev/nas_xbus     NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
 409                193 = /dev/d7s          SPARC 7-segment display
 410                194 = /dev/zkshim       Zero-Knowledge network shim control
 411                195 = /dev/elographics/e2201    Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
 412                198 = /dev/sexec        Signed executable interface
 413                199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
 414                200 = /dev/net/tun      TAP/TUN network device
 415                201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
 416                202 = /dev/emd/ctl      Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
 417                204 = /dev/video/em8300         EM8300 DVD decoder control
 418                205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv      EM8300 DVD decoder video
 419                206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma      EM8300 DVD decoder audio
 420                207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp      EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
 421                208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc       Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
 422                209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid        Compaq Remote Insight Driver
 423                210 = /dev/impi/bt      IMPI coprocessor block transfer
 424                211 = /dev/impi/smic    IMPI coprocessor stream interface
 425                212 = /dev/watchdogs/0  First watchdog device
 426                213 = /dev/watchdogs/1  Second watchdog device
 427                214 = /dev/watchdogs/2  Third watchdog device
 428                215 = /dev/watchdogs/3  Fourth watchdog device
 429                216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel       Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
 430                217 = /dev/ni/natmotn           National Instruments Motion
 431                218 = /dev/kchuid       Inter-process chuid control
 432                219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
 433                220 = /dev/mptctl       Message passing technology (MPT) control
 434                221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi        Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
 435                222 = /dev/mvista/hasi          Montavista PICMG high availability
 436                223 = /dev/input/uinput         User level driver support for input
 437                224 = /dev/tpm          TCPA TPM driver
 438                225 = /dev/pps          Pulse Per Second driver
 439                226 = /dev/systrace     Systrace device
 440                227 = /dev/mcelog       X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
 441                228 = /dev/hpet         HPET driver
 442                229 = /dev/fuse         Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
 443                230 = /dev/midishare    MidiShare driver
 444                231 = /dev/snapshot     System memory snapshot device
 445                232 = /dev/kvm          Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
 446                233 = /dev/kmview       View-OS A process with a view
 447                234 = /dev/btrfs-control        Btrfs control device
 448                235 = /dev/autofs       Autofs control device
 449                236 = /dev/mapper/control       Device-Mapper control device
 450                237 = /dev/loop-control Loopback control device
 451                238 = /dev/vhost-net    Host kernel accelerator for virtio net
 452
 453                240-254                 Reserved for local use
 454                255                     Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
 455
 456 11 char        Raw keyboard device     (Linux/SPARC only)
 457                  0 = /dev/kbd          Raw keyboard device
 458
 459 11 char        Serial Mux device       (Linux/PA-RISC only)
 460                  0 = /dev/ttyB0        First mux port
 461                  1 = /dev/ttyB1        Second mux port
 462                    ...
 463
 464 11 block       SCSI CD-ROM devices
 465                  0 = /dev/scd0         First SCSI CD-ROM
 466                  1 = /dev/scd1         Second SCSI CD-ROM
 467                    ...
 468
 469                The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
 470
 471 12 char        QIC-02 tape
 472                  2 = /dev/ntpqic11     QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
 473                  3 = /dev/tpqic11      QIC-11, rewind-on-close
 474                  4 = /dev/ntpqic24     QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
 475                  5 = /dev/tpqic24      QIC-24, rewind-on-close
 476                  6 = /dev/ntpqic120    QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
 477                  7 = /dev/tpqic120     QIC-120, rewind-on-close
 478                  8 = /dev/ntpqic150    QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
 479                  9 = /dev/tpqic150     QIC-150, rewind-on-close
 480
 481                The device names specified are proposed -- if there
 482                are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
 483
 484 12 block
 485
 486 13 char        Input core
 487                  0 = /dev/input/js0    First joystick
 488                  1 = /dev/input/js1    Second joystick
 489                    ...
 490                 32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
 491                 33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
 492                    ...
 493                 63 = /dev/input/mice   Unified mouse
 494                 64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
 495                 65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
 496                    ...
 497
 498                Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
 499
 500 13 block       8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
 501                  0 = /dev/xda          First XT disk whole disk
 502                 64 = /dev/xdb          Second XT disk whole disk
 503
 504                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
 505                (see major number 3).
 506
 507 14 char        Open Sound System (OSS)
 508                  0 = /dev/mixer        Mixer control
 509                  1 = /dev/sequencer    Audio sequencer
 510                  2 = /dev/midi00       First MIDI port
 511                  3 = /dev/dsp          Digital audio
 512                  4 = /dev/audio        Sun-compatible digital audio
 513                  6 =
 514                  7 = /dev/audioctl     SPARC audio control device
 515                  8 = /dev/sequencer2   Sequencer -- alternate device
 516                 16 = /dev/mixer1       Second soundcard mixer control
 517                 17 = /dev/patmgr0      Sequencer patch manager
 518                 18 = /dev/midi01       Second MIDI port
 519                 19 = /dev/dsp1         Second soundcard digital audio
 520                 20 = /dev/audio1       Second soundcard Sun digital audio
 521                 33 = /dev/patmgr1      Sequencer patch manager
 522                 34 = /dev/midi02       Third MIDI port
 523                 50 = /dev/midi03       Fourth MIDI port
 524
 525 14 block
 526
 527 15 char        Joystick
 528                  0 = /dev/js0          First analog joystick
 529                  1 = /dev/js1          Second analog joystick
 530                    ...
 531                128 = /dev/djs0         First digital joystick
 532                129 = /dev/djs1         Second digital joystick
 533                    ...
 534 15 block       Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
 535                  0 = /dev/sonycd       Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
 536
 537 16 char        Non-SCSI scanners
 538                  0 = /dev/gs4500       Genius 4500 handheld scanner
 539
 540 16 block       GoldStar CD-ROM
 541                  0 = /dev/gscd         GoldStar CD-ROM
 542
 543 17 char        OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
 544                  0 = /dev/ttyH0        First Chase port
 545                  1 = /dev/ttyH1        Second Chase port
 546                    ...
 547 17 block       Optics Storage CD-ROM
 548                  0 = /dev/optcd        Optics Storage CD-ROM
 549
 550 18 char        OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
 551                  0 = /dev/cuh0         Callout device for ttyH0
 552                  1 = /dev/cuh1         Callout device for ttyH1
 553                    ...
 554 18 block       Sanyo CD-ROM
 555                  0 = /dev/sjcd         Sanyo CD-ROM
 556
 557 19 char        Cyclades serial card
 558                  0 = /dev/ttyC0        First Cyclades port
 559                    ...
 560                 31 = /dev/ttyC31       32nd Cyclades port
 561
 562 19 block       "Double" compressed disk
 563                  0 = /dev/double0      First compressed disk
 564                    ...
 565                  7 = /dev/double7      Eighth compressed disk
 566                128 = /dev/cdouble0     Mirror of first compressed disk
 567                    ...
 568                135 = /dev/cdouble7     Mirror of eighth compressed disk
 569
 570                See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
 571                mirror devices.
 572
 573 20 char        Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
 574                  0 = /dev/cub0         Callout device for ttyC0
 575                    ...
 576                 31 = /dev/cub31        Callout device for ttyC31
 577
 578 20 block       Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
 579                  0 = /dev/hitcd        Hitachi CD-ROM
 580
 581 21 char        Generic SCSI access
 582                  0 = /dev/sg0          First generic SCSI device
 583                  1 = /dev/sg1          Second generic SCSI device
 584                    ...
 585
 586                Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
 587                this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
 588                the system and is counter to standard Linux
 589                device-naming practice.
 590
 591 21 block       Acorn MFM hard drive interface
 592                  0 = /dev/mfma         First MFM drive whole disk
 593                 64 = /dev/mfmb         Second MFM drive whole disk
 594
 595                This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
 596                Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
 597                (see major number 3).
 598
 599 22 char        Digiboard serial card
 600                  0 = /dev/ttyD0        First Digiboard port
 601                  1 = /dev/ttyD1        Second Digiboard port
 602                    ...
 603 22 block       Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
 604                  0 = /dev/hdc          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 605                 64 = /dev/hdd          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 606
 607                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
 608                interface (see major number 3).
 609
 610 23 char        Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
 611                  0 = /dev/cud0         Callout device for ttyD0
 612                  1 = /dev/cud1         Callout device for ttyD1
 613                      ...
 614 23 block       Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
 615                  0 = /dev/mcd          Mitsumi CD-ROM
 616
 617 24 char        Stallion serial card
 618                  0 = /dev/ttyE0        Stallion port 0 card 0
 619                  1 = /dev/ttyE1        Stallion port 1 card 0
 620                    ...
 621                 64 = /dev/ttyE64       Stallion port 0 card 1
 622                 65 = /dev/ttyE65       Stallion port 1 card 1
 623                      ...
 624                128 = /dev/ttyE128      Stallion port 0 card 2
 625                129 = /dev/ttyE129      Stallion port 1 card 2
 626                    ...
 627                192 = /dev/ttyE192      Stallion port 0 card 3
 628                193 = /dev/ttyE193      Stallion port 1 card 3
 629                    ...
 630 24 block       Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
 631                  0 = /dev/cdu535       Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
 632
 633 25 char        Stallion serial card - alternate devices
 634                  0 = /dev/cue0         Callout device for ttyE0
 635                  1 = /dev/cue1         Callout device for ttyE1
 636                    ...
 637                 64 = /dev/cue64        Callout device for ttyE64
 638                 65 = /dev/cue65        Callout device for ttyE65
 639                    ...
 640                128 = /dev/cue128       Callout device for ttyE128
 641                129 = /dev/cue129       Callout device for ttyE129
 642                    ...
 643                192 = /dev/cue192       Callout device for ttyE192
 644                193 = /dev/cue193       Callout device for ttyE193
 645                      ...
 646 25 block       First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
 647                  0 = /dev/sbpcd0       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
 648                  1 = /dev/sbpcd1       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
 649                  2 = /dev/sbpcd2       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
 650                  3 = /dev/sbpcd3       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
 651
 652 26 char
 653
 654 26 block       Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
 655                  0 = /dev/sbpcd4       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
 656                  1 = /dev/sbpcd5       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
 657                  2 = /dev/sbpcd6       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
 658                  3 = /dev/sbpcd7       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
 659
 660 27 char        QIC-117 tape
 661                  0 = /dev/qft0         Unit 0, rewind-on-close
 662                  1 = /dev/qft1         Unit 1, rewind-on-close
 663                  2 = /dev/qft2         Unit 2, rewind-on-close
 664                  3 = /dev/qft3         Unit 3, rewind-on-close
 665                  4 = /dev/nqft0        Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
 666                  5 = /dev/nqft1        Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
 667                  6 = /dev/nqft2        Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
 668                  7 = /dev/nqft3        Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
 669                 16 = /dev/zqft0        Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
 670                 17 = /dev/zqft1        Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
 671                 18 = /dev/zqft2        Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
 672                 19 = /dev/zqft3        Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
 673                 20 = /dev/nzqft0       Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
 674                 21 = /dev/nzqft1       Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
 675                 22 = /dev/nzqft2       Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
 676                 23 = /dev/nzqft3       Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
 677                 32 = /dev/rawqft0      Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
 678                 33 = /dev/rawqft1      Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
 679                 34 = /dev/rawqft2      Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
 680                 35 = /dev/rawqft3      Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
 681                 36 = /dev/nrawqft0     Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
 682                 37 = /dev/nrawqft1     Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
 683                 38 = /dev/nrawqft2     Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
 684                 39 = /dev/nrawqft3     Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
 685
 686 27 block       Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
 687                  0 = /dev/sbpcd8       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
 688                  1 = /dev/sbpcd9       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
 689                  2 = /dev/sbpcd10      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
 690                  3 = /dev/sbpcd11      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
 691
 692 28 char        Stallion serial card - card programming
 693                  0 = /dev/staliomem0   First Stallion card I/O memory
 694                  1 = /dev/staliomem1   Second Stallion card I/O memory
 695                  2 = /dev/staliomem2   Third Stallion card I/O memory
 696                  3 = /dev/staliomem3   Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
 697
 698 28 char        Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
 699                  0 = /dev/slm0         First SLM laser printer
 700                  1 = /dev/slm1         Second SLM laser printer
 701                    ...
 702 28 block       Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
 703                  0 = /dev/sbpcd12      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
 704                  1 = /dev/sbpcd13      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
 705                  2 = /dev/sbpcd14      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
 706                  3 = /dev/sbpcd15      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
 707
 708 28 block       ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
 709                  0 = /dev/ada          First ACSI disk whole disk
 710                 16 = /dev/adb          Second ACSI disk whole disk
 711                 32 = /dev/adc          Third ACSI disk whole disk
 712                    ...
 713                240 = /dev/adp          16th ACSI disk whole disk
 714
 715                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
 716                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
 717                partitions is 15, like SCSI.
 718
 719 29 char        Universal frame buffer
 720                  0 = /dev/fb0          First frame buffer
 721                  1 = /dev/fb1          Second frame buffer
 722                    ...
 723                 31 = /dev/fb31         32nd frame buffer
 724
 725 29 block       Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
 726                  0 = /dev/aztcd        Aztech CD-ROM
 727
 728 30 char        iBCS-2 compatibility devices
 729                  0 = /dev/socksys      Socket access
 730                  1 = /dev/spx          SVR3 local X interface
 731                 32 = /dev/inet/ip      Network access
 732                 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
 733                 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
 734                 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
 735                 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
 736                 37 = /dev/inet/egp
 737                 38 = /dev/inet/pup
 738                 39 = /dev/inet/udp
 739                 40 = /dev/inet/idp
 740                 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
 741
 742                Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
 743
 744                /dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
 745                /dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
 746                /dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
 747                /dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
 748                /dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
 749                /dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
 750                /dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
 751                /dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
 752                /dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
 753                /dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
 754                /dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
 755                /dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
 756                /dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
 757                /dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
 758
 759 30 block       Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
 760                  0 = /dev/cm205cd      Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
 761
 762                /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device.  This
 763                driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
 764
 765 31 char        MPU-401 MIDI
 766                  0 = /dev/mpu401data   MPU-401 data port
 767                  1 = /dev/mpu401stat   MPU-401 status port
 768
 769 31 block       ROM/flash memory card
 770                  0 = /dev/rom0         First ROM card (rw)
 771                      ...
 772                  7 = /dev/rom7         Eighth ROM card (rw)
 773                  8 = /dev/rrom0        First ROM card (ro)
 774                    ...
 775                 15 = /dev/rrom7        Eighth ROM card (ro)
 776                 16 = /dev/flash0       First flash memory card (rw)
 777                    ...
 778                 23 = /dev/flash7       Eighth flash memory card (rw)
 779                 24 = /dev/rflash0      First flash memory card (ro)
 780                    ...
 781                 31 = /dev/rflash7      Eighth flash memory card (ro)
 782
 783                The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
 784                written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
 785                devices.  The read-only devices (ro) support reading
 786                only.
 787
 788 32 char        Specialix serial card
 789                  0 = /dev/ttyX0        First Specialix port
 790                  1 = /dev/ttyX1        Second Specialix port
 791                    ...
 792 32 block       Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
 793                  0 = /dev/cm206cd      Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
 794
 795 33 char        Specialix serial card - alternate devices
 796                  0 = /dev/cux0         Callout device for ttyX0
 797                  1 = /dev/cux1         Callout device for ttyX1
 798                    ...
 799 33 block       Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
 800                  0 = /dev/hde          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 801                 64 = /dev/hdf          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 802
 803                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
 804                interface (see major number 3).
 805
 806 34 char        Z8530 HDLC driver
 807                  0 = /dev/scc0         First Z8530, first port
 808                  1 = /dev/scc1         First Z8530, second port
 809                  2 = /dev/scc2         Second Z8530, first port
 810                  3 = /dev/scc3         Second Z8530, second port
 811                    ...
 812
 813                In a previous version these devices were named
 814                /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
 815                on.
 816
 817 34 block       Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
 818                  0 = /dev/hdg          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 819                 64 = /dev/hdh          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
 820
 821                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
 822                interface (see major number 3).
 823
 824 35 char        tclmidi MIDI driver
 825                  0 = /dev/midi0        First MIDI port, kernel timed
 826                  1 = /dev/midi1        Second MIDI port, kernel timed
 827                  2 = /dev/midi2        Third MIDI port, kernel timed
 828                  3 = /dev/midi3        Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
 829                 64 = /dev/rmidi0       First MIDI port, untimed
 830                 65 = /dev/rmidi1       Second MIDI port, untimed
 831                 66 = /dev/rmidi2       Third MIDI port, untimed
 832                 67 = /dev/rmidi3       Fourth MIDI port, untimed
 833                128 = /dev/smpte0       First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
 834                129 = /dev/smpte1       Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
 835                130 = /dev/smpte2       Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
 836                131 = /dev/smpte3       Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
 837
 838 35 block       Slow memory ramdisk
 839                  0 = /dev/slram        Slow memory ramdisk
 840
 841 36 char        Netlink support
 842                  0 = /dev/route        Routing, device updates, kernel to user
 843                  1 = /dev/skip         enSKIP security cache control
 844                  3 = /dev/fwmonitor    Firewall packet copies
 845                 16 = /dev/tap0         First Ethertap device
 846                    ...
 847                 31 = /dev/tap15        16th Ethertap device
 848
 849 36 block       MCA ESDI hard disk
 850                  0 = /dev/eda          First ESDI disk whole disk
 851                 64 = /dev/edb          Second ESDI disk whole disk
 852                    ...
 853
 854                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
 855                (see major number 3).
 856
 857 37 char        IDE tape
 858                  0 = /dev/ht0          First IDE tape
 859                  1 = /dev/ht1          Second IDE tape
 860                    ...
 861                128 = /dev/nht0         First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
 862                129 = /dev/nht1         Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
 863                    ...
 864
 865                Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
 866
 867 37 block       Zorro II ramdisk
 868                  0 = /dev/z2ram        Zorro II ramdisk
 869
 870 38 char        Myricom PCI Myrinet board
 871                  0 = /dev/mlanai0      First Myrinet board
 872                  1 = /dev/mlanai1      Second Myrinet board
 873                    ...
 874
 875                This device is used for status query, board control
 876                and "user level packet I/O."  This board is also
 877                accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
 878
 879 38 block       OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
 880
 881 39 char        ML-16P experimental I/O board
 882                  0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0    First card, first analog channel
 883                  1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1    First card, second analog channel
 884                    ...
 885                 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15   First card, 16th analog channel
 886                 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d     First card, digital lines
 887                 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0    First card, first counter/timer
 888                 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1    First card, second counter/timer
 889                 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2    First card, third counter/timer
 890                 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0    Second card, first analog channel
 891                 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1    Second card, second analog channel
 892                    ...
 893                 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15   Second card, 16th analog channel
 894                 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d     Second card, digital lines
 895                 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0    Second card, first counter/timer
 896                 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1    Second card, second counter/timer
 897                 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2    Second card, third counter/timer
 898                      ...
 899 39 block
 900
 901 40 char
 902
 903 40 block
 904
 905 41 char        Yet Another Micro Monitor
 906                  0 = /dev/yamm         Yet Another Micro Monitor
 907
 908 41 block
 909
 910 42 char        Demo/sample use
 911
 912 42 block       Demo/sample use
 913
 914                This number is intended for use in sample code, as
 915                well as a general "example" device number.  It
 916                should never be used for a device driver that is being
 917                distributed; either obtain an official number or use
 918                the local/experimental range.  The sudden addition or
 919                removal of a driver with this number should not cause
 920                ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
 921
 922                IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
 923                DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
 924
 925 43 char        isdn4linux virtual modem
 926                  0 = /dev/ttyI0        First virtual modem
 927                    ...
 928                 63 = /dev/ttyI63       64th virtual modem
 929
 930 43 block       Network block devices
 931                  0 = /dev/nb0          First network block device
 932                  1 = /dev/nb1          Second network block device
 933                    ...
 934
 935                Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
 936                devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
 937                network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
 938                sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
 939                to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
 940                the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
 941
 942 44 char        isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
 943                  0 = /dev/cui0         Callout device for ttyI0
 944                    ...
 945                 63 = /dev/cui63        Callout device for ttyI63
 946
 947 44 block       Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
 948                  0 = /dev/ftla         FTL on first Memory Technology Device
 949                 16 = /dev/ftlb         FTL on second Memory Technology Device
 950                 32 = /dev/ftlc         FTL on third Memory Technology Device
 951                    ...
 952                240 = /dev/ftlp         FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
 953
 954                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
 955                disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
 956                limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
 957
 958 45 char        isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
 959                  0 = /dev/isdn0        First virtual B channel raw data
 960                    ...
 961                 63 = /dev/isdn63       64th virtual B channel raw data
 962                 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0    First channel control/debug
 963                    ...
 964                127 = /dev/isdnctrl63   64th channel control/debug
 965
 966                128 = /dev/ippp0        First SyncPPP device
 967                    ...
 968                191 = /dev/ippp63       64th SyncPPP device
 969
 970                255 = /dev/isdninfo     ISDN monitor interface
 971
 972 45 block       Parallel port IDE disk devices
 973                  0 = /dev/pda          First parallel port IDE disk
 974                 16 = /dev/pdb          Second parallel port IDE disk
 975                 32 = /dev/pdc          Third parallel port IDE disk
 976                 48 = /dev/pdd          Fourth parallel port IDE disk
 977
 978                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
 979                disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
 980                limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
 981
 982 46 char        Comtrol Rocketport serial card
 983                  0 = /dev/ttyR0        First Rocketport port
 984                  1 = /dev/ttyR1        Second Rocketport port
 985                    ...
 986 46 block       Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
 987                  0 = /dev/pcd0         First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
 988                  1 = /dev/pcd1         Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
 989                  2 = /dev/pcd2         Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
 990                  3 = /dev/pcd3         Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
 991
 992 47 char        Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
 993                  0 = /dev/cur0         Callout device for ttyR0
 994                  1 = /dev/cur1         Callout device for ttyR1
 995                    ...
 996 47 block       Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
 997                  0 = /dev/pf0          First parallel port ATAPI disk
 998                  1 = /dev/pf1          Second parallel port ATAPI disk
 999                  2 = /dev/pf2          Third parallel port ATAPI disk
1000                  3 = /dev/pf3          Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
1001
1002                This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
1003                devices and hence does not support partitioning.
1004
1005 48 char        SDL RISCom serial card
1006                  0 = /dev/ttyL0        First RISCom port
1007                  1 = /dev/ttyL1        Second RISCom port
1008                    ...
1009 48 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
1010                  0 = /dev/rd/c0d0      First disk, whole disk
1011                  8 = /dev/rd/c0d1      Second disk, whole disk
1012                    ...
1013                248 = /dev/rd/c0d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1014
1015                For partitions add:
1016                  0 = /dev/rd/c?d?      Whole disk
1017                  1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1    First partition
1018                    ...
1019                  7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7    Seventh partition
1020
1021 49 char        SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
1022                  0 = /dev/cul0         Callout device for ttyL0
1023                  1 = /dev/cul1         Callout device for ttyL1
1024                    ...
1025 49 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
1026                  0 = /dev/rd/c1d0      First disk, whole disk
1027                  8 = /dev/rd/c1d1      Second disk, whole disk
1028                    ...
1029                248 = /dev/rd/c1d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1030
1031                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1032
1033 50 char        Reserved for GLINT
1034
1035 50 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
1036                  0 = /dev/rd/c2d0      First disk, whole disk
1037                  8 = /dev/rd/c2d1      Second disk, whole disk
1038                    ...
1039                248 = /dev/rd/c2d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1040
1041 51 char        Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
1042                  0 = /dev/bc0          First Baycom radio modem
1043                  1 = /dev/bc1          Second Baycom radio modem
1044                    ...
1045 51 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
1046                  0 = /dev/rd/c3d0      First disk, whole disk
1047                  8 = /dev/rd/c3d1      Second disk, whole disk
1048                    ...
1049                248 = /dev/rd/c3d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1050
1051                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1052
1053 52 char        Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
1054                  0 = /dev/dcbri0       First DataComm card
1055                  1 = /dev/dcbri1       Second DataComm card
1056                  2 = /dev/dcbri2       Third DataComm card
1057                  3 = /dev/dcbri3       Fourth DataComm card
1058
1059 52 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
1060                  0 = /dev/rd/c4d0      First disk, whole disk
1061                  8 = /dev/rd/c4d1      Second disk, whole disk
1062                    ...
1063                248 = /dev/rd/c4d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1064
1065                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1066
1067 53 char        BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
1068                  0 = /dev/pd_bdm0      PD BDM interface on lp0
1069                  1 = /dev/pd_bdm1      PD BDM interface on lp1
1070                  2 = /dev/pd_bdm2      PD BDM interface on lp2
1071                  4 = /dev/icd_bdm0     ICD BDM interface on lp0
1072                  5 = /dev/icd_bdm1     ICD BDM interface on lp1
1073                  6 = /dev/icd_bdm2     ICD BDM interface on lp2
1074
1075                This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
1076                microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
1077                Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
1078                Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
1079                by P&E.
1080
1081 53 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
1082                  0 = /dev/rd/c5d0      First disk, whole disk
1083                  8 = /dev/rd/c5d1      Second disk, whole disk
1084                    ...
1085                248 = /dev/rd/c5d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1086
1087                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1088
1089 54 char        Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
1090                  0 = /dev/holter0      First Holter port
1091                  1 = /dev/holter1      Second Holter port
1092                  2 = /dev/holter2      Third Holter port
1093
1094                A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
1095                <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
1096                24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
1097
1098 54 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
1099                  0 = /dev/rd/c6d0      First disk, whole disk
1100                  8 = /dev/rd/c6d1      Second disk, whole disk
1101                    ...
1102                248 = /dev/rd/c6d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1103
1104                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1105
1106 55 char        DSP56001 digital signal processor
1107                  0 = /dev/dsp56k       First DSP56001
1108
1109 55 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
1110                  0 = /dev/rd/c7d0      First disk, whole disk
1111                  8 = /dev/rd/c7d1      Second disk, whole disk
1112                    ...
1113                248 = /dev/rd/c7d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1114
1115                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1116
1117 56 char        Apple Desktop Bus
1118                  0 = /dev/adb          ADB bus control
1119
1120                Additional devices will be added to this number, all
1121                starting with /dev/adb.
1122
1123 56 block       Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1124                  0 = /dev/hdi          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1125                 64 = /dev/hdj          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1126
1127                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1128                interface (see major number 3).
1129
1130 57 char        Hayes ESP serial card
1131                  0 = /dev/ttyP0        First ESP port
1132                  1 = /dev/ttyP1        Second ESP port
1133                    ...
1134
1135 57 block       Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1136                  0 = /dev/hdk          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1137                 64 = /dev/hdl          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1138
1139                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1140                interface (see major number 3).
1141
1142 58 char        Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
1143                  0 = /dev/cup0         Callout device for ttyP0
1144                  1 = /dev/cup1         Callout device for ttyP1
1145                    ...
1146
1147 58 block       Reserved for logical volume manager
1148
1149 59 char        sf firewall package
1150                  0 = /dev/firewall     Communication with sf kernel module
1151
1152 59 block       Generic PDA filesystem device
1153                  0 = /dev/pda0         First PDA device
1154                  1 = /dev/pda1         Second PDA device
1155                    ...
1156
1157                The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
1158                remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1159                proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1160                running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1161                IRDA / parallel links.
1162
1163                NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
1164
1165 60-63 char     LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1166
1167 60-63 block    LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1168                Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
1169                assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1170                used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1171
1172 64 char        ENskip kernel encryption package
1173                  0 = /dev/enskip       Communication with ENskip kernel module
1174
1175 64 block       Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
1176                  0 = /dev/scramdisk/master    Master node for ioctls
1177                  1 = /dev/scramdisk/1         First encrypted device
1178                  2 = /dev/scramdisk/2         Second encrypted device
1179                  ...
1180                255 = /dev/scramdisk/255       255th encrypted device
1181
1182                The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
1183                are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
1184                node which then activates them via one of the
1185                /dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
1186                through the sdmount tool).
1187
1188                Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
1189
1190 65 char        Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
1191                  0 = /dev/plink0       First plink device
1192                  1 = /dev/plink1       Second plink device
1193                  2 = /dev/plink2       Third plink device
1194                  3 = /dev/plink3       Fourth plink device
1195                 64 = /dev/rplink0      First plink device, raw
1196                 65 = /dev/rplink1      Second plink device, raw
1197                 66 = /dev/rplink2      Third plink device, raw
1198                 67 = /dev/rplink3      Fourth plink device, raw
1199                128 = /dev/plink0d      First plink device, debug
1200                129 = /dev/plink1d      Second plink device, debug
1201                130 = /dev/plink2d      Third plink device, debug
1202                131 = /dev/plink3d      Fourth plink device, debug
1203                192 = /dev/rplink0d     First plink device, raw, debug
1204                193 = /dev/rplink1d     Second plink device, raw, debug
1205                194 = /dev/rplink2d     Third plink device, raw, debug
1206                195 = /dev/rplink3d     Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1207
1208                This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1209                <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
1210
1211 65 block       SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1212                  0 = /dev/sdq          17th SCSI disk whole disk
1213                 16 = /dev/sdr          18th SCSI disk whole disk
1214                 32 = /dev/sds          19th SCSI disk whole disk
1215                    ...
1216                240 = /dev/sdaf         32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1217
1218                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1219                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1220                partitions is 15.
1221
1222 66 char        YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1223                  0 = /dev/yppcpci0     First YARC card
1224                  1 = /dev/yppcpci1     Second YARC card
1225                    ...
1226
1227 66 block       SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1228                  0 = /dev/sdag         33th SCSI disk whole disk
1229                 16 = /dev/sdah         34th SCSI disk whole disk
1230                 32 = /dev/sdai         35th SCSI disk whole disk
1231                    ...
1232                240 = /dev/sdav         48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1233
1234                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1235                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1236                partitions is 15.
1237
1238 67 char        Coda network file system
1239                  0 = /dev/cfs0         Coda cache manager
1240
1241                See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1242
1243 67 block       SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1244                  0 = /dev/sdaw         49th SCSI disk whole disk
1245                 16 = /dev/sdax         50th SCSI disk whole disk
1246                 32 = /dev/sday         51st SCSI disk whole disk
1247                    ...
1248                240 = /dev/sdbl         64th SCSI disk whole disk
1249
1250                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1251                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1252                partitions is 15.
1253
1254 68 char        CAPI 2.0 interface
1255                  0 = /dev/capi20       Control device
1256                  1 = /dev/capi20.00    First CAPI 2.0 application
1257                  2 = /dev/capi20.01    Second CAPI 2.0 application
1258                    ...
1259                 20 = /dev/capi20.19    19th CAPI 2.0 application
1260
1261                ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1262                applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1263
1264 68 block       SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1265                  0 = /dev/sdbm         65th SCSI disk whole disk
1266                 16 = /dev/sdbn         66th SCSI disk whole disk
1267                 32 = /dev/sdbo         67th SCSI disk whole disk
1268                    ...
1269                240 = /dev/sdcb         80th SCSI disk whole disk
1270
1271                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1272                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1273                partitions is 15.
1274
1275 69 char        MA16 numeric accelerator card
1276                  0 = /dev/ma16         Board memory access
1277
1278 69 block       SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1279                  0 = /dev/sdcc         81st SCSI disk whole disk
1280                 16 = /dev/sdcd         82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1281                 32 = /dev/sdce         83th SCSI disk whole disk
1282                    ...
1283                240 = /dev/sdcr         96th SCSI disk whole disk
1284
1285                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1286                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1287                partitions is 15.
1288
1289 70 char        SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1290                  0 = /dev/apscfg       Configuration interface
1291                  1 = /dev/apsauth      Authentication interface
1292                  2 = /dev/apslog       Logging interface
1293                  3 = /dev/apsdbg       Debugging interface
1294                 64 = /dev/apsisdn      ISDN command interface
1295                 65 = /dev/apsasync     Async command interface
1296                128 = /dev/apsmon       Monitor interface
1297
1298 70 block       SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1299                  0 = /dev/sdcs         97th SCSI disk whole disk
1300                 16 = /dev/sdct         98th SCSI disk whole disk
1301                 32 = /dev/sdcu         99th SCSI disk whole disk
1302                    ...
1303                240 = /dev/sddh         112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1304
1305                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1306                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1307                partitions is 15.
1308
1309 71 char        Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1310                  0 = /dev/ttyF0        IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
1311                  1 = /dev/ttyF1        IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1312                    ...
1313                 63 = /dev/ttyF63       IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1314                 64 = /dev/ttyF64       IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1315                 65 = /dev/ttyF65       IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1316                    ...
1317                127 = /dev/ttyF127      IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1318                128 = /dev/ttyF128      IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1319                129 = /dev/ttyF129      IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1320                    ...
1321                191 = /dev/ttyF191      IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1322                192 = /dev/ttyF192      IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1323                193 = /dev/ttyF193      IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1324                    ...
1325                255 = /dev/ttyF255      IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1326
1327 71 block       SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1328                  0 = /dev/sddi         113th SCSI disk whole disk
1329                 16 = /dev/sddj         114th SCSI disk whole disk
1330                 32 = /dev/sddk         115th SCSI disk whole disk
1331                    ...
1332                240 = /dev/sddx         128th SCSI disk whole disk
1333
1334                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1335                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1336                partitions is 15.
1337
1338 72 char        Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1339                  0 = /dev/cuf0         Callout device for ttyF0
1340                  1 = /dev/cuf1         Callout device for ttyF1
1341                    ...
1342                 63 = /dev/cuf63        Callout device for ttyF63
1343                 64 = /dev/cuf64        Callout device for ttyF64
1344                 65 = /dev/cuf65        Callout device for ttyF65
1345                    ...
1346                127 = /dev/cuf127       Callout device for ttyF127
1347                128 = /dev/cuf128       Callout device for ttyF128
1348                129 = /dev/cuf129       Callout device for ttyF129
1349                    ...
1350                191 = /dev/cuf191       Callout device for ttyF191
1351                192 = /dev/cuf192       Callout device for ttyF192
1352                193 = /dev/cuf193       Callout device for ttyF193
1353                    ...
1354                255 = /dev/cuf255       Callout device for ttyF255
1355
1356 72 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
1357                  0 = /dev/ida/c0d0     First logical drive whole disk
1358                 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1359                    ...
1360                240 = /dev/ida/c0d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1361
1362                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1363                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1364                partitions is 15.
1365
1366 73 char        Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1367                  0 = /dev/ip2ipl0      Loadware device for board 0
1368                  1 = /dev/ip2stat0     Status device for board 0
1369                  4 = /dev/ip2ipl1      Loadware device for board 1
1370                  5 = /dev/ip2stat1     Status device for board 1
1371                  8 = /dev/ip2ipl2      Loadware device for board 2
1372                  9 = /dev/ip2stat2     Status device for board 2
1373                 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3      Loadware device for board 3
1374                 13 = /dev/ip2stat3     Status device for board 3
1375
1376 73 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
1377                  0 = /dev/ida/c1d0     First logical drive whole disk
1378                 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1379                    ...
1380                240 = /dev/ida/c1d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1381
1382                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1383                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1384                partitions is 15.
1385
1386 74 char        SCI bridge
1387                  0 = /dev/SCI/0        SCI device 0
1388                  1 = /dev/SCI/1        SCI device 1
1389                    ...
1390
1391                Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1392                bridge.
1393
1394 74 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
1395                  0 = /dev/ida/c2d0     First logical drive whole disk
1396                 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1397                    ...
1398                240 = /dev/ida/c2d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1399
1400                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1401                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1402                partitions is 15.
1403
1404 75 char        Specialix IO8+ serial card
1405                  0 = /dev/ttyW0        First IO8+ port, first card
1406                  1 = /dev/ttyW1        Second IO8+ port, first card
1407                    ...
1408                  8 = /dev/ttyW8        First IO8+ port, second card
1409                    ...
1410
1411 75 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
1412                  0 = /dev/ida/c3d0     First logical drive whole disk
1413                 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1414                    ...
1415                240 = /dev/ida/c3d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1416
1417                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1418                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1419                partitions is 15.
1420
1421 76 char        Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1422                  0 = /dev/cuw0         Callout device for ttyW0
1423                  1 = /dev/cuw1         Callout device for ttyW1
1424                    ...
1425                  8 = /dev/cuw8         Callout device for ttyW8
1426                    ...
1427
1428 76 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
1429                  0 = /dev/ida/c4d0     First logical drive whole disk
1430                 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1431                    ...
1432                240 = /dev/ida/c4d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1433
1434                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1435                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1436                partitions is 15.
1437
1438
1439 77 char        ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1440                  0 = /dev/qng          ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1441
1442 77 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
1443                  0 = /dev/ida/c5d0     First logical drive whole disk
1444                 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1445                    ...
1446                240 = /dev/ida/c5d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1447
1448                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1449                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1450                partitions is 15.
1451
1452 78 char        PAM Software's multimodem boards
1453                  0 = /dev/ttyM0        First PAM modem
1454                  1 = /dev/ttyM1        Second PAM modem
1455                    ...
1456
1457 78 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
1458                  0 = /dev/ida/c6d0     First logical drive whole disk
1459                 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1460                    ...
1461                240 = /dev/ida/c6d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1462
1463                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1464                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1465                partitions is 15.
1466
1467 79 char        PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1468                  0 = /dev/cum0         Callout device for ttyM0
1469                  1 = /dev/cum1         Callout device for ttyM1
1470                    ...
1471
1472 79 block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller
1473                  0 = /dev/ida/c7d0     First logical drive whole disk
1474                 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1475                    ...
1476                240 = /dev/ida/c715     16th logical drive whole disk
1477
1478                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1479                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1480                partitions is 15.
1481
1482 80 char        Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1483                  0 = /dev/at200        Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1484
1485 80 block       I2O hard disk
1486                  0 = /dev/i2o/hda      First I2O hard disk, whole disk
1487                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb      Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1488                    ...
1489                240 = /dev/i2o/hdp      16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1490
1491                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1492                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1493                partitions is 15.
1494
1495 81 char        video4linux
1496                  0 = /dev/video0       Video capture/overlay device
1497                    ...
1498                 63 = /dev/video63      Video capture/overlay device
1499                 64 = /dev/radio0       Radio device
1500                    ...
1501                127 = /dev/radio63      Radio device
1502                224 = /dev/vbi0         Vertical blank interrupt
1503                    ...
1504                255 = /dev/vbi31        Vertical blank interrupt
1505
1506 81 block       I2O hard disk
1507                  0 = /dev/i2o/hdq      17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1508                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr      18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1509                    ...
1510                240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf     32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1511
1512                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1513                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1514                partitions is 15.
1515
1516 82 char        WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1517                  0 = /dev/winradio0    First WiNRADiO card
1518                  1 = /dev/winradio1    Second WiNRADiO card
1519                    ...
1520
1521                The driver and documentation may be obtained from
1522                http://www.winradio.com/
1523
1524 82 block       I2O hard disk
1525                  0 = /dev/i2o/hdag     33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1526                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah     34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1527                    ...
1528                240 = /dev/i2o/hdav     48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1529
1530                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1531                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1532                partitions is 15.
1533
1534 83 char        Matrox mga_vid video driver
1535                 0 = /dev/mga_vid0      1st video card
1536                 1 = /dev/mga_vid1      2nd video card
1537                 2 = /dev/mga_vid2      3rd video card
1538                  ...
1539                15 = /dev/mga_vid15     16th video card
1540
1541 83 block       I2O hard disk
1542                  0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw     49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1543                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax     50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1544                    ...
1545                240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl     64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1546
1547                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1548                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1549                partitions is 15.
1550
1551 84 char        Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1552                  0 = /dev/ihcp0        First Greensheet port
1553                  1 = /dev/ihcp1        Second Greensheet port
1554
1555 84 block       I2O hard disk
1556                  0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm     65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1557                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn     66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1558                    ...
1559                240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb     80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1560
1561                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1562                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1563                partitions is 15.
1564
1565 85 char        Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1566                  0 = /dev/shmiq        Master shared input queue
1567                  1 = /dev/qcntl0       First device pushed
1568                  2 = /dev/qcntl1       Second device pushed
1569                    ...
1570
1571 85 block       I2O hard disk
1572                  0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc     81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
1573                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd     82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1574                    ...
1575                240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr     96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1576
1577                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1578                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1579                partitions is 15.
1580
1581 86 char        SCSI media changer
1582                  0 = /dev/sch0         First SCSI media changer
1583                  1 = /dev/sch1         Second SCSI media changer
1584                    ...
1585
1586 86 block       I2O hard disk
1587                  0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs     97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1588                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct     98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1589                    ...
1590                240 = /dev/i2o/hddh     112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1591
1592                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1593                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1594                partitions is 15.
1595
1596 87 char        Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1597                  0 = /dev/controla0    First device on chain
1598                  1 = /dev/controla1    Second device on chain
1599                    ...
1600
1601 87 block       I2O hard disk
1602                  0 = /dev/i2o/hddi     113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1603                 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj     114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1604                    ...
1605                240 = /dev/i2o/hddx     128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1606
1607                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1608                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1609                partitions is 15.
1610
1611 88 char        COMX synchronous serial card
1612                  0 = /dev/comx0        COMX channel 0
1613                  1 = /dev/comx1        COMX channel 1
1614                    ...
1615
1616 88 block       Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1617                  0 = /dev/hdm          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1618                 64 = /dev/hdn          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1619
1620                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1621                interface (see major number 3).
1622
1623 89 char        I2C bus interface
1624                  0 = /dev/i2c-0        First I2C adapter
1625                  1 = /dev/i2c-1        Second I2C adapter
1626                    ...
1627
1628 89 block       Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1629                  0 = /dev/hdo          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1630                 64 = /dev/hdp          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1631
1632                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1633                interface (see major number 3).
1634
1635 90 char        Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1636                  0 = /dev/mtd0         First MTD (rw)
1637                  1 = /dev/mtdr0        First MTD (ro)
1638                    ...
1639                 30 = /dev/mtd15        16th MTD (rw)
1640                 31 = /dev/mtdr15       16th MTD (ro)
1641
1642 90 block       Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1643                  0 = /dev/hdq          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1644                 64 = /dev/hdr          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1645
1646                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1647                interface (see major number 3).
1648
1649 91 char        CAN-Bus devices
1650                  0 = /dev/can0         First CAN-Bus controller
1651                  1 = /dev/can1         Second CAN-Bus controller
1652                    ...
1653
1654 91 block       Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1655                  0 = /dev/hds          Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1656                 64 = /dev/hdt          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1657
1658                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1659                interface (see major number 3).
1660
1661 92 char        Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1662
1663 92 block       PPDD encrypted disk driver
1664                  0 = /dev/ppdd0        First encrypted disk
1665                  1 = /dev/ppdd1        Second encrypted disk
1666                    ...
1667
1668                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1669                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1670                partitions is 15.
1671
1672 93 char
1673
1674 93 block       NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1675                  0 = /dev/nftla        First NFTL layer
1676                 16 = /dev/nftlb        Second NFTL layer
1677                    ...
1678                240 = /dev/nftlp        16th NTFL layer
1679
1680 94 char
1681
1682 94 block       IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1683                  0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
1684                  1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
1685                  2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
1686                  3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
1687                  4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
1688                  5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
1689                  6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
1690                  7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
1691                    ...
1692
1693 95 char        IP filter
1694                  0 = /dev/ipl          Filter control device/log file
1695                  1 = /dev/ipnat        NAT control device/log file
1696                  2 = /dev/ipstate      State information log file
1697                  3 = /dev/ipauth       Authentication control device/log file
1698                    ...
1699
1700 96 char        Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1701                  0 = /dev/pt0          First parallel port ATAPI tape
1702                  1 = /dev/pt1          Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1703                    ...
1704                128 = /dev/npt0         First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1705                129 = /dev/npt1         Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1706                    ...
1707
1708 96 block       Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
1709                  0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
1710                 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
1711                    ...
1712                240 = /dev/inftlp       16th INTFL layer
1713
1714 97 char        Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1715                  0 = /dev/pg0          First parallel port ATAPI device
1716                  1 = /dev/pg1          Second parallel port ATAPI device
1717                  2 = /dev/pg2          Third parallel port ATAPI device
1718                  3 = /dev/pg3          Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1719
1720                These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1721                devices.
1722
1723 98 char        Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1724                  0 = /dev/comedi0      First comedi device
1725                  1 = /dev/comedi1      Second comedi device
1726                    ...
1727
1728                See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi.
1729
1730 98 block       User-mode virtual block device
1731                  0 = /dev/ubda         First user-mode block device
1732                 16 = /dev/udbb         Second user-mode block device
1733                    ...
1734
1735                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1736                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1737                partitions is 15.
1738
1739                This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1740
1741 99 char        Raw parallel ports
1742                  0 = /dev/parport0     First parallel port
1743                  1 = /dev/parport1     Second parallel port
1744                    ...
1745
1746 99 block       JavaStation flash disk
1747                  0 = /dev/jsfd         JavaStation flash disk
1748
1749100 char        Telephony for Linux
1750                  0 = /dev/phone0       First telephony device
1751                  1 = /dev/phone1       Second telephony device
1752                    ...
1753
1754101 char        Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1755                  0 = /dev/mdspstat     Status information
1756                  1 = /dev/mdsp1        First DSP board I/O controls
1757                    ...
1758                 16 = /dev/mdsp16       16th DSP board I/O controls
1759
1760101 block       AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
1761                  0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0  First array whole disk
1762                 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1  Second array whole disk
1763                    ...
1764                240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk
1765
1766                For each device, partitions are added as:
1767                  0 = /dev/amiraid/ar?    Whole disk
1768                  1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1  First partition
1769                  2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2  Second partition
1770                    ...
1771                 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
1772
1773102 char
1774
1775102 block       Compressed block device
1776                  0 = /dev/cbd/a        First compressed block device, whole device
1777                 16 = /dev/cbd/b        Second compressed block device, whole device
1778                    ...
1779                240 = /dev/cbd/p        16th compressed block device, whole device
1780
1781                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1782                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1783                partitions is 15.
1784
1785103 char        Arla network file system
1786                  0 = /dev/nnpfs0       First NNPFS device
1787                  1 = /dev/nnpfs1       Second NNPFS device
1788
1789                Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1790                The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
1791                implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
1792                mounting.  For more information about the project,
1793                write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
1794                http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
1795
1796103 block       Audit device
1797                  0 = /dev/audit        Audit device
1798
1799104 char        Flash BIOS support
1800
1801104 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
1802                  0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1803                 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1804                    ...
1805                240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1806
1807                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1808                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1809                partitions is 15.
1810
1811105 char        Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1812                  0 = /dev/ttyV0        First VS-1000 port
1813                  1 = /dev/ttyV1        Second VS-1000 port
1814                    ...
1815
1816105 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
1817                  0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1818                 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1819                    ...
1820                240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1821
1822                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1823                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1824                partitions is 15.
1825
1826106 char        Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1827                  0 = /dev/cuv0         First VS-1000 port
1828                  1 = /dev/cuv1         Second VS-1000 port
1829                    ...
1830
1831106 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
1832                  0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1833                 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1834                    ...
1835                240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1836
1837                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1838                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1839                partitions is 15.
1840
1841107 char        3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1842                  0 = /dev/3dfx         Primary 3Dfx graphics device
1843
1844107 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
1845                  0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1846                 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1847                    ...
1848                240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1849
1850                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1851                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1852                partitions is 15.
1853
1854108 char        Device independent PPP interface
1855                  0 = /dev/ppp          Device independent PPP interface
1856
1857108 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
1858                  0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1859                 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1860                    ...
1861                240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1862
1863                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1864                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1865                partitions is 15.
1866
1867109 char        Reserved for logical volume manager
1868
1869109 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
1870                  0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1871                 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1872                    ...
1873                240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1874
1875                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1876                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1877                partitions is 15.
1878
1879110 char        miroMEDIA Surround board
1880                  0 = /dev/srnd0        First miroMEDIA Surround board
1881                  1 = /dev/srnd1        Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1882                    ...
1883
1884110 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
1885                  0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1886                 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1887                    ...
1888                240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1889
1890                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1891                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1892                partitions is 15.
1893
1894111 char
1895
1896111 block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller
1897                  0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0   First logical drive, whole disk
1898                 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1899                    ...
1900                240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1901
1902                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1903                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1904                partitions is 15.
1905
1906112 char        ISI serial card
1907                  0 = /dev/ttyM0        First ISI port
1908                  1 = /dev/ttyM1        Second ISI port
1909                    ...
1910
1911                There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1912                these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1913
1914112 block       IBM iSeries virtual disk
1915                  0 = /dev/iseries/vda  First virtual disk, whole disk
1916                  8 = /dev/iseries/vdb  Second virtual disk, whole disk
1917                    ...
1918                200 = /dev/iseries/vdz  26th virtual disk, whole disk
1919                208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
1920                    ...
1921                248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk
1922
1923                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1924                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1925                partitions is 7.
1926
1927113 char        ISI serial card - alternate devices
1928                  0 = /dev/cum0         Callout device for ttyM0
1929                  1 = /dev/cum1         Callout device for ttyM1
1930                    ...
1931
1932113 block       IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
1933                  0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
1934                  1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
1935                    ...
1936
1937114 char        Picture Elements ISE board
1938                  0 = /dev/ise0         First ISE board
1939                  1 = /dev/ise1         Second ISE board
1940                    ...
1941                128 = /dev/isex0        Control node for first ISE board
1942                129 = /dev/isex1        Control node for second ISE board
1943                    ...
1944
1945                The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1946                image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1947                I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1948                nodes used to control the board.
1949
1950114 block       IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
1951                Promise Fastrak
1952
1953                  0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
1954                  1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
1955                  2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
1956                  ...
1957                 16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
1958                 17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
1959                 18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
1960                  ...
1961                255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
1962
1963                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1964                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1965                partitions is 15.
1966
1967115 char        TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
1968                  0 = /dev/tipar0    Parallel cable on first parallel port
1969                  ...
1970                  7 = /dev/tipar7    Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
1971
1972                  8 = /dev/tiser0    Serial cable on first serial port
1973                  ...
1974                 15 = /dev/tiser7    Serial cable on seventh serial port
1975
1976                 16 = /dev/tiusb0    First USB cable
1977                  ...
1978                 47 = /dev/tiusb31   32nd USB cable
1979
1980115 block       NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
1981
1982                The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
1983                collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
1984                Partitions as a logical storage segment for
1985                use in mounting NetWare volumes.  A maximum of
1986                256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
1987                machine.
1988
1989                http://cgfa.telepac.pt/ftp2/kernel.org/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs/
1990
1991                0 = /dev/nwfs/v0    First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1992                1 = /dev/nwfs/v1    Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1993                2 = /dev/nwfs/v2    Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1994                      ...
1995                255 = /dev/nwfs/v255    Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1996
1997116 char        Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
1998
1999116 block       MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
2000                Supports 16 boards, 15 partitions each.
2001                Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
2002
2003                 0 = /dev/umem/d0      Whole of first board
2004                 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1    First partition of first board
2005                 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2    Second partition of first board
2006                15 = /dev/umem/d0p15   15th partition of first board
2007
2008                16 = /dev/umem/d1      Whole of second board
2009                17 = /dev/umem/d1p1    First partition of second board
2010                    ...
2011                255= /dev/umem/d15p15  15th partition of 16th board.
2012
2013117 char        COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
2014                  0 = /dev/cosa0c0      1st board, 1st channel
2015                  1 = /dev/cosa0c1      1st board, 2nd channel
2016                    ...
2017                 16 = /dev/cosa1c0      2nd board, 1st channel
2018                 17 = /dev/cosa1c1      2nd board, 2nd channel
2019                    ...
2020
2021117 block       Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
2022
2023                The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
2024                unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
2025                storage.  This allows for easy expansion or customization
2026                of various levels of volume management.  Requested by
2027                Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
2028
2029                Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
2030                /dev/evms.
2031
2032                http://sf.net/projects/evms
2033
2034                  0 = /dev/evms/block_device   EVMS block device
2035                  1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1    First EVMS legacy device
2036                  2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2    Second EVMS legacy device
2037                    ...
2038                    Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
2039                    ...
2040                254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2      Second EVMS native device
2041                255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1      First EVMS native device
2042
2043                Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
2044                device names.  For example, /dev/hda5 would become
2045                /dev/evms/hda5.
2046
2047118 char        IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
2048                  0 = /dev/ica  Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
2049                  1 = /dev/ica0 IBMCA Device 0
2050                  2 = /dev/ica1 IBMCA Device 1
2051                    ...
2052
2053119 char        VMware virtual network control
2054                  0 = /dev/vnet0        1st virtual network
2055                  1 = /dev/vnet1        2nd virtual network
2056                    ...
2057
2058120-127 char    LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2059
2060120-127 block   LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2061                Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
2062                assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
2063                used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
2064
2065128-135 char    Unix98 PTY masters
2066
2067                These devices should not have corresponding device
2068                nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
2069                /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
2070
2071128 block       SCSI disk devices (128-143)
2072                  0 = /dev/sddy         129th SCSI disk whole disk
2073                 16 = /dev/sddz         130th SCSI disk whole disk
2074                 32 = /dev/sdea         131th SCSI disk whole disk
2075                    ...
2076                240 = /dev/sden         144th SCSI disk whole disk
2077
2078                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2079                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2080                partitions is 15.
2081
2082129 block       SCSI disk devices (144-159)
2083                  0 = /dev/sdeo         145th SCSI disk whole disk
2084                 16 = /dev/sdep         146th SCSI disk whole disk
2085                 32 = /dev/sdeq         147th SCSI disk whole disk
2086                    ...
2087                240 = /dev/sdfd         160th SCSI disk whole disk
2088
2089                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2090                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2091                partitions is 15.
2092
2093130 char        (Misc devices)
2094
2095130 block       SCSI disk devices (160-175)
2096                  0 = /dev/sdfe         161st SCSI disk whole disk
2097                 16 = /dev/sdff         162nd SCSI disk whole disk
2098                 32 = /dev/sdfg         163rd SCSI disk whole disk
2099                    ...
2100                240 = /dev/sdft         176th SCSI disk whole disk
2101
2102                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2103                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2104                partitions is 15.
2105
2106131 block       SCSI disk devices (176-191)
2107                  0 = /dev/sdfu         177th SCSI disk whole disk
2108                 16 = /dev/sdfv         178th SCSI disk whole disk
2109                 32 = /dev/sdfw         179th SCSI disk whole disk
2110                    ...
2111                240 = /dev/sdgj         192nd SCSI disk whole disk
2112
2113                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2114                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2115                partitions is 15.
2116
2117132 block       SCSI disk devices (192-207)
2118                  0 = /dev/sdgk         193rd SCSI disk whole disk
2119                 16 = /dev/sdgl         194th SCSI disk whole disk
2120                 32 = /dev/sdgm         195th SCSI disk whole disk
2121                    ...
2122                240 = /dev/sdgz         208th SCSI disk whole disk
2123
2124                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2125                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2126                partitions is 15.
2127
2128133 block       SCSI disk devices (208-223)
2129                  0 = /dev/sdha         209th SCSI disk whole disk
2130                 16 = /dev/sdhb         210th SCSI disk whole disk
2131                 32 = /dev/sdhc         211th SCSI disk whole disk
2132                    ...
2133                240 = /dev/sdhp         224th SCSI disk whole disk
2134
2135                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2136                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2137                partitions is 15.
2138
2139134 block       SCSI disk devices (224-239)
2140                  0 = /dev/sdhq         225th SCSI disk whole disk
2141                 16 = /dev/sdhr         226th SCSI disk whole disk
2142                 32 = /dev/sdhs         227th SCSI disk whole disk
2143                    ...
2144                240 = /dev/sdif         240th SCSI disk whole disk
2145
2146                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2147                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2148                partitions is 15.
2149
2150135 block       SCSI disk devices (240-255)
2151                  0 = /dev/sdig         241st SCSI disk whole disk
2152                 16 = /dev/sdih         242nd SCSI disk whole disk
2153                 32 = /dev/sdih         243rd SCSI disk whole disk
2154                    ...
2155                240 = /dev/sdiv         256th SCSI disk whole disk
2156
2157                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2158                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2159                partitions is 15.
2160
2161136-143 char    Unix98 PTY slaves
2162                  0 = /dev/pts/0        First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
2163                  1 = /dev/pts/1        Second Unix98 pseudo-TTY
2164                    ...
2165
2166                These device nodes are automatically generated with
2167                the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
2168                devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
2169                mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
2170                *most* distributions the appropriate options are
2171                "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
2172
2173136 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
2174                  0 = /dev/rd/c8d0      First disk, whole disk
2175                  8 = /dev/rd/c8d1      Second disk, whole disk
2176                    ...
2177                248 = /dev/rd/c8d31     32nd disk, whole disk
2178
2179                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2180
2181137 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
2182                  0 = /dev/rd/c9d0      First disk, whole disk
2183                  8 = /dev/rd/c9d1      Second disk, whole disk
2184                    ...
2185                248 = /dev/rd/c9d31     32nd disk, whole disk
2186
2187                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2188
2189138 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
2190                  0 = /dev/rd/c10d0     First disk, whole disk
2191                  8 = /dev/rd/c10d1     Second disk, whole disk
2192                    ...
2193                248 = /dev/rd/c10d31    32nd disk, whole disk
2194
2195                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2196
2197139 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
2198                  0 = /dev/rd/c11d0     First disk, whole disk
2199                  8 = /dev/rd/c11d1     Second disk, whole disk
2200                    ...
2201                248 = /dev/rd/c11d31    32nd disk, whole disk
2202
2203                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2204
2205140 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
2206                  0 = /dev/rd/c12d0     First disk, whole disk
2207                  8 = /dev/rd/c12d1     Second disk, whole disk
2208                    ...
2209                248 = /dev/rd/c12d31    32nd disk, whole disk
2210
2211                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2212
2213141 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
2214                  0 = /dev/rd/c13d0     First disk, whole disk
2215                  8 = /dev/rd/c13d1     Second disk, whole disk
2216                    ...
2217                248 = /dev/rd/c13d31    32nd disk, whole disk
2218
2219                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2220
2221142 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
2222                  0 = /dev/rd/c14d0     First disk, whole disk
2223                  8 = /dev/rd/c14d1     Second disk, whole disk
2224                    ...
2225                248 = /dev/rd/c14d31    32nd disk, whole disk
2226
2227                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2228
2229143 block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
2230                  0 = /dev/rd/c15d0     First disk, whole disk
2231                  8 = /dev/rd/c15d1     Second disk, whole disk
2232                    ...
2233                248 = /dev/rd/c15d31    32nd disk, whole disk
2234
2235                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2236
2237144 char        Encapsulated PPP
2238                  0 = /dev/pppox0       First PPP over Ethernet
2239                    ...
2240                 63 = /dev/pppox63      64th PPP over Ethernet
2241
2242                This is primarily used for ADSL.
2243
2244                The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
2245                relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
2246
2247144 block       Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2248                  0 = mounted device 256
2249                255 = mounted device 511
2250
2251145 char        SAM9407-based soundcard
2252                  0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
2253                  1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
2254                  2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
2255                  3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
2256                  4 = /dev/sam0_audio
2257                  6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
2258                 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
2259                 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
2260                 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
2261                 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
2262                    ...
2263                128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
2264                    ...
2265                192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
2266                    ...
2267
2268                Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
2269                addons, which are sam9407 specific.  OSS can be
2270                operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
2271
2272145 block       Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2273                  0 = mounted device 512
2274                255 = mounted device 767
2275
2276146 char        SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
2277                  0 = /dev/scramnet0    First SCRAMNet device
2278                  1 = /dev/scramnet1    Second SCRAMNet device
2279                    ...
2280
2281146 block       Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2282                  0 = mounted device 768
2283                255 = mounted device 1023
2284
2285147 char        Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
2286                  0 = /dev/aureal0      First Aureal Vortex
2287                  1 = /dev/aureal1      Second Aureal Vortex
2288                    ...
2289
2290147 block       Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
2291                  0 = /dev/drbd0        First DRBD device
2292                  1 = /dev/drbd1        Second DRBD device
2293                    ...
2294
2295148 char        Technology Concepts serial card
2296                  0 = /dev/ttyT0        First TCL port
2297                  1 = /dev/ttyT1        Second TCL port
2298                    ...
2299
2300149 char        Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
2301                  0 = /dev/cut0         Callout device for ttyT0
2302                  1 = /dev/cut0         Callout device for ttyT1
2303                    ...
2304
2305150 char        Real-Time Linux FIFOs
2306                  0 = /dev/rtf0         First RTLinux FIFO
2307                  1 = /dev/rtf1         Second RTLinux FIFO
2308                    ...
2309
2310151 char        DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
2311                  0 = /dev/dpti0        First DPT I2O adapter
2312                  1 = /dev/dpti1        Second DPT I2O adapter
2313                    ...
2314
2315152 char        EtherDrive Control Device
2316                  0 = /dev/etherd/ctl   Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
2317                  1 = /dev/etherd/err   Monitor errors
2318                  2 = /dev/etherd/raw   Raw AoE packet monitor
2319
2320152 block       EtherDrive Block Devices
2321                  0 = /dev/etherd/0     EtherDrive 0
2322                    ...
2323                255 = /dev/etherd/255   EtherDrive 255
2324
2325153 char        SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
2326                  0 = /dev/spi0         First SPI device on the bus
2327                  1 = /dev/spi1         Second SPI device on the bus
2328                    ...
2329                 15 = /dev/spi15        Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
2330
2331153 block       Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
2332                  0 = /dev/emd/0        First unit
2333                  1 = /dev/emd/0p1      Partition 1 on First unit
2334                  2 = /dev/emd/0p2      Partition 2 on First unit
2335                    ...
2336                 15 = /dev/emd/0p15     Partition 15 on First unit
2337
2338                 16 = /dev/emd/1        Second unit
2339                 32 = /dev/emd/2        Third unit
2340                    ...
2341                240 = /dev/emd/15       Sixteenth unit
2342
2343                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2344                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2345                partitions is 15.
2346
2347154 char        Specialix RIO serial card
2348                  0 = /dev/ttySR0       First RIO port
2349                    ...
2350                255 = /dev/ttySR255     256th RIO port
2351
2352155 char        Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2353                  0 = /dev/cusr0        Callout device for ttySR0
2354                    ...
2355                255 = /dev/cusr255      Callout device for ttySR255
2356
2357156 char        Specialix RIO serial card
2358                  0 = /dev/ttySR256     257th RIO port
2359                    ...
2360                255 = /dev/ttySR511     512th RIO port
2361
2362157 char        Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2363                  0 = /dev/cusr256      Callout device for ttySR256
2364                    ...
2365                255 = /dev/cusr511      Callout device for ttySR511
2366
2367158 char        Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
2368                  0 = /dev/gfax0        GammaLink channel 0
2369                  1 = /dev/gfax1        GammaLink channel 1
2370                    ...
2371
2372159 char        RESERVED
2373
2374159 block       RESERVED
2375
2376160 char        General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
2377                  0 = /dev/gpib0        First GPIB bus
2378                  1 = /dev/gpib1        Second GPIB bus
2379                    ...
2380
2381160 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
2382                  0 = /dev/carmel/0     SATA disk 0 whole disk
2383                  1 = /dev/carmel/0p1   SATA disk 0 partition 1
2384                    ...
2385                 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31  SATA disk 0 partition 31
2386
2387                 32 = /dev/carmel/1     SATA disk 1 whole disk
2388                 64 = /dev/carmel/2     SATA disk 2 whole disk
2389                    ...
2390                224 = /dev/carmel/7     SATA disk 7 whole disk
2391
2392                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2393                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2394                partitions is 31.
2395
2396161 char        IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
2397                  0 = /dev/ircomm0      First IrCOMM device
2398                  1 = /dev/ircomm1      Second IrCOMM device
2399                    ...
2400                 16 = /dev/irlpt0       First IrLPT device
2401                 17 = /dev/irlpt1       Second IrLPT device
2402                    ...
2403
2404161 block       Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
2405                  0 = /dev/carmel/8     SATA disk 8 whole disk
2406                  1 = /dev/carmel/8p1   SATA disk 8 partition 1
2407                    ...
2408                 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31  SATA disk 8 partition 31
2409
2410                 32 = /dev/carmel/9     SATA disk 9 whole disk
2411                 64 = /dev/carmel/10    SATA disk 10 whole disk
2412                    ...
2413                224 = /dev/carmel/15    SATA disk 15 whole disk
2414
2415                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2416                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2417                partitions is 31.
2418
2419162 char        Raw block device interface
2420                  0 = /dev/rawctl       Raw I/O control device
2421                  1 = /dev/raw/raw1     First raw I/O device
2422                  2 = /dev/raw/raw2     Second raw I/O device
2423                    ...
2424
2425163 char
2426
2427164 char        Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
2428                  0 = /dev/ttyCH0       AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
2429                    ...
2430                 15 = /dev/ttyCH15      AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
2431                 16 = /dev/ttyCH16      AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
2432                    ...
2433                 31 = /dev/ttyCH31      AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
2434                 32 = /dev/ttyCH32      AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
2435                    ...
2436                 47 = /dev/ttyCH47      AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
2437                 48 = /dev/ttyCH48      AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
2438                    ...
2439                 63 = /dev/ttyCH63      AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
2440
2441165 char        Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
2442                  0 = /dev/cuch0        Callout device for ttyCH0
2443                    ...
2444                 63 = /dev/cuch63       Callout device for ttyCH63
2445
2446166 char        ACM USB modems
2447                  0 = /dev/ttyACM0      First ACM modem
2448                  1 = /dev/ttyACM1      Second ACM modem
2449                    ...
2450
2451167 char        ACM USB modems - alternate devices
2452                  0 = /dev/cuacm0       Callout device for ttyACM0
2453                  1 = /dev/cuacm1       Callout device for ttyACM1
2454                    ...
2455
2456168 char        Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
2457                  0 = /dev/ecsa0        First CSA7000
2458                  1 = /dev/ecsa1        Second CSA7000
2459                    ...
2460
2461169 char        Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
2462                  0 = /dev/ecsa8-0      First CSA8000
2463                  1 = /dev/ecsa8-1      Second CSA8000
2464                    ...
2465
2466170 char        AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
2467                  0 = /dev/megarac0     First MegaRAC card
2468                  1 = /dev/megarac1     Second MegaRAC card
2469                    ...
2470
2471171 char        Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
2472
2473172 char        Moxa Intellio serial card
2474                  0 = /dev/ttyMX0       First Moxa port
2475                  1 = /dev/ttyMX1       Second Moxa port
2476                    ...
2477                127 = /dev/ttyMX127     128th Moxa port
2478                128 = /dev/moxactl      Moxa control port
2479
2480173 char        Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
2481                  0 = /dev/cumx0        Callout device for ttyMX0
2482                  1 = /dev/cumx1        Callout device for ttyMX1
2483                    ...
2484                127 = /dev/cumx127      Callout device for ttyMX127
2485
2486174 char        SmartIO serial card
2487                  0 = /dev/ttySI0       First SmartIO port
2488                  1 = /dev/ttySI1       Second SmartIO port
2489                    ...
2490
2491175 char        SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
2492                  0 = /dev/cusi0        Callout device for ttySI0
2493                  1 = /dev/cusi1        Callout device for ttySI1
2494                    ...
2495
2496176 char        nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
2497                  0 = /dev/nfastpci0    First nFast PCI device
2498                  1 = /dev/nfastpci1    First nFast PCI device
2499                    ...
2500
2501177 char        TI PCILynx memory spaces
2502                  0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0  AUX space of first PCILynx card
2503                    ...
2504                 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
2505                 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0  ROM space of first PCILynx card
2506                    ...
2507                 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
2508                 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0  RAM space of first PCILynx card
2509                    ...
2510                 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
2511
2512178 char        Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
2513                  0 = /dev/clanvi0      First cLAN adapter
2514                  1 = /dev/clanvi1      Second cLAN adapter
2515                    ...
2516
2517179 block       MMC block devices
2518                  0 = /dev/mmcblk0      First SD/MMC card
2519                  1 = /dev/mmcblk0p1    First partition on first MMC card
2520                  8 = /dev/mmcblk1      Second SD/MMC card
2521                    ...
2522
2523                The start of next SD/MMC card can be configured with
2524                CONFIG_MMC_BLOCK_MINORS, or overridden at boot/modprobe
2525                time using the mmcblk.perdev_minors option. That would
2526                bump the offset between each card to be the configured
2527                value instead of the default 8.
2528
2529179 char        CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
2530                  0 = /dev/dvxirq0      First DVX device
2531                  1 = /dev/dvxirq1      Second DVX device
2532                    ...
2533
2534180 char        USB devices
2535                  0 = /dev/usb/lp0      First USB printer
2536                    ...
2537                 15 = /dev/usb/lp15     16th USB printer
2538                 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
2539                    ...
2540                 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
2541                 64 = /dev/usb/rio500   Diamond Rio 500
2542                 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd   USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
2543                 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0    Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
2544                 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0  1st USB HID device
2545                    ...
2546                111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
2547                112 = /dev/usb/auer0    1st auerswald ISDN device
2548                    ...
2549                127 = /dev/usb/auer15   16th auerswald ISDN device
2550                128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0  First Braille Voyager device
2551                    ...
2552                131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3  Fourth Braille Voyager device
2553                132 = /dev/usb/idmouse  ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
2554                133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1       First SiSUSB VGA device
2555                    ...
2556                140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8       Eighth SISUSB VGA device
2557                144 = /dev/usb/lcd      USB LCD device
2558                160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0    1st USB Legotower device
2559                    ...
2560                175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15   16th USB Legotower device
2561                176 = /dev/usb/usbtmc1  First USB TMC device
2562                   ...
2563                191 = /dev/usb/usbtmc16 16th USB TMC device
2564                192 = /dev/usb/yurex1   First USB Yurex device
2565                   ...
2566                209 = /dev/usb/yurex16  16th USB Yurex device
2567                240 = /dev/usb/dabusb0  First daubusb device
2568                    ...
2569                243 = /dev/usb/dabusb3  Fourth dabusb device
2570
2571180 block       USB block devices
2572                  0 = /dev/uba          First USB block device
2573                  8 = /dev/ubb          Second USB block device
2574                 16 = /dev/ubc          Third USB block device
2575                    ...
2576
2577181 char        Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
2578                  0 = /dev/pcfclock0    First Conrad radio clock
2579                  1 = /dev/pcfclock1    Second Conrad radio clock
2580                    ...
2581
2582182 char        Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
2583                  0 = /dev/pethr0       First THR2 board
2584                  1 = /dev/pethr1       Second THR2 board
2585                    ...
2586
2587183 char        SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
2588                  0 = /dev/ss5136dn0    First DeviceNet interface
2589                  1 = /dev/ss5136dn1    Second DeviceNet interface
2590                    ...
2591
2592                This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
2593                It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
2594
2595184 char        Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
2596                  0 = /dev/pevss0       First sender board
2597                  1 = /dev/pevss1       Second sender board
2598                    ...
2599
2600185 char        InterMezzo high availability file system
2601                  0 = /dev/intermezzo0  First cache manager
2602                  1 = /dev/intermezzo1  Second cache manager
2603                    ...
2604
2605                See http://web.archive.org/web/20080115195241/
2606                http://inter-mezzo.org/index.html
2607
2608186 char        Object-based storage control device
2609                  0 = /dev/obd0         First obd control device
2610                  1 = /dev/obd1         Second obd control device
2611                    ...
2612
2613                See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
2614
2615187 char        DESkey hardware encryption device
2616                  0 = /dev/deskey0      First DES key
2617                  1 = /dev/deskey1      Second DES key
2618                    ...
2619
2620188 char        USB serial converters
2621                  0 = /dev/ttyUSB0      First USB serial converter
2622                  1 = /dev/ttyUSB1      Second USB serial converter
2623                    ...
2624
2625189 char        USB serial converters - alternate devices
2626                  0 = /dev/cuusb0       Callout device for ttyUSB0
2627                  1 = /dev/cuusb1       Callout device for ttyUSB1
2628                    ...
2629
2630190 char        Kansas City tracker/tuner card
2631                  0 = /dev/kctt0        First KCT/T card
2632                  1 = /dev/kctt1        Second KCT/T card
2633                    ...
2634
2635191 char        Reserved for PCMCIA
2636
2637192 char        Kernel profiling interface
2638                  0 = /dev/profile      Profiling control device
2639                  1 = /dev/profile0     Profiling device for CPU 0
2640                  2 = /dev/profile1     Profiling device for CPU 1
2641                    ...
2642
2643193 char        Kernel event-tracing interface
2644                  0 = /dev/trace        Tracing control device
2645                  1 = /dev/trace0       Tracing device for CPU 0
2646                  2 = /dev/trace1       Tracing device for CPU 1
2647                    ...
2648
2649194 char        linVideoStreams (LINVS)
2650                  0 = /dev/mvideo/status0       Video compression status
2651                  1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0       Video stream
2652                  2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0        Single compressed frame
2653                  3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0     Raw uncompressed frame
2654                  4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0        Direct codec access
2655                  5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0  Video4Linux compatibility
2656
2657                 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1       Second device
2658                    ...
2659                 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2       Third device
2660                    ...
2661                    ...
2662                240 = /dev/mvideo/status15      16th device
2663                    ...
2664
2665195 char        Nvidia graphics devices
2666                  0 = /dev/nvidia0              First Nvidia card
2667                  1 = /dev/nvidia1              Second Nvidia card
2668                    ...
2669                255 = /dev/nvidiactl            Nvidia card control device
2670
2671196 char        Tormenta T1 card
2672                  0 = /dev/tor/0                Master control channel for all cards
2673                  1 = /dev/tor/1                First DS0
2674                  2 = /dev/tor/2                Second DS0
2675                    ...
2676                 48 = /dev/tor/48               48th DS0
2677                 49 = /dev/tor/49               First pseudo-channel
2678                 50 = /dev/tor/50               Second pseudo-channel
2679                    ...
2680
2681197 char        OpenTNF tracing facility
2682                  0 = /dev/tnf/t0               Trace 0 data extraction
2683                  1 = /dev/tnf/t1               Trace 1 data extraction
2684                    ...
2685                128 = /dev/tnf/status           Tracing facility status
2686                130 = /dev/tnf/trace            Tracing device
2687
2688198 char        Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
2689                  0 = /dev/tpmp2/0              First card
2690                  1 = /dev/tpmp2/1              Second card
2691                    ...
2692
2693199 char        Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2694                  0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*          First volume
2695                  1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*          Second volume
2696                    ...
2697
2698199 block       Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2699                  0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*           First volume
2700                  1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*           Second volume
2701                    ...
2702
2703                The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2704                the user space VxVM software.
2705
2706200 char        Veritas VxVM configuration interface
2707                  0 = /dev/vx/config            Configuration access node
2708                  1 = /dev/vx/trace             Volume i/o trace access node
2709                  2 = /dev/vx/iod               Volume i/o daemon access node
2710                  3 = /dev/vx/info              Volume information access node
2711                  4 = /dev/vx/task              Volume tasks access node
2712                  5 = /dev/vx/taskmon           Volume tasks monitor daemon
2713
2714201 char        Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2715                  0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*            First multipath device
2716                  1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*            Second multipath device
2717                    ...
2718201 block       Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2719                  0 = /dev/vx/dmp/*             First multipath device
2720                  1 = /dev/vx/dmp/*             Second multipath device
2721                    ...
2722
2723                The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2724                the user space VxVM software.
2725
2726202 char        CPU model-specific registers
2727                  0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr            MSRs on CPU 0
2728                  1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr            MSRs on CPU 1
2729                    ...
2730
2731202 block       Xen Virtual Block Device
2732                  0 = /dev/xvda       First Xen VBD whole disk
2733                  16 = /dev/xvdb      Second Xen VBD whole disk
2734                  32 = /dev/xvdc      Third Xen VBD whole disk
2735                    ...
2736                  240 = /dev/xvdp     Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
2737
2738                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2739                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2740                partitions is 15.
2741
2742203 char        CPU CPUID information
2743                  0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid          CPUID on CPU 0
2744                  1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid          CPUID on CPU 1
2745                    ...
2746
2747204 char        Low-density serial ports
2748                  0 = /dev/ttyLU0               LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
2749                  1 = /dev/ttyLU1               LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
2750                  2 = /dev/ttyLU2               LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
2751                  3 = /dev/ttyLU3               LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
2752                  4 = /dev/ttyFB0               Intel Footbridge (ARM)
2753                  5 = /dev/ttySA0               StrongARM builtin serial port 0
2754                  6 = /dev/ttySA1               StrongARM builtin serial port 1
2755                  7 = /dev/ttySA2               StrongARM builtin serial port 2
2756                  8 = /dev/ttySC0               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
2757                  9 = /dev/ttySC1               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
2758                 10 = /dev/ttySC2               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
2759                 11 = /dev/ttySC3               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
2760                 12 = /dev/ttyFW0               Firmware console - port 0
2761                 13 = /dev/ttyFW1               Firmware console - port 1
2762                 14 = /dev/ttyFW2               Firmware console - port 2
2763                 15 = /dev/ttyFW3               Firmware console - port 3
2764                 16 = /dev/ttyAM0               ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
2765                    ...
2766                 31 = /dev/ttyAM15              ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
2767                 32 = /dev/ttyDB0               DataBooster serial port 0
2768                    ...
2769                 39 = /dev/ttyDB7               DataBooster serial port 7
2770                 40 = /dev/ttySG0               SGI Altix console port
2771                 41 = /dev/ttySMX0              Motorola i.MX - port 0
2772                 42 = /dev/ttySMX1              Motorola i.MX - port 1
2773                 43 = /dev/ttySMX2              Motorola i.MX - port 2
2774                 44 = /dev/ttyMM0               Marvell MPSC - port 0
2775                 45 = /dev/ttyMM1               Marvell MPSC - port 1
2776                 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0              PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
2777                    ...
2778                 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5              PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
2779                 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0              Altix serial card
2780                    ...
2781                 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31             Altix serial card
2782                 82 = /dev/ttyVR0               NEC VR4100 series SIU
2783                 83 = /dev/ttyVR1               NEC VR4100 series DSIU
2784                 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84             Altix ioc4 serial card
2785                    ...
2786                 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115           Altix ioc4 serial card
2787                 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0            Altix ioc3 serial card
2788                    ...
2789                 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31           Altix ioc3 serial card
2790                 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0             PPC PSC - port 0
2791                    ...
2792                 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5             PPC PSC - port 5
2793                 154 = /dev/ttyAT0              ATMEL serial port 0
2794                    ...
2795                 169 = /dev/ttyAT15             ATMEL serial port 15
2796                 170 = /dev/ttyNX0              Hilscher netX serial port 0
2797                    ...
2798                 185 = /dev/ttyNX15             Hilscher netX serial port 15
2799                 186 = /dev/ttyJ0               JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
2800                 187 = /dev/ttyUL0              Xilinx uartlite - port 0
2801                    ...
2802                 190 = /dev/ttyUL3              Xilinx uartlite - port 3
2803                 191 = /dev/xvc0                Xen virtual console - port 0
2804                 192 = /dev/ttyPZ0              pmac_zilog - port 0
2805                    ...
2806                 195 = /dev/ttyPZ3              pmac_zilog - port 3
2807                 196 = /dev/ttyTX0              TX39/49 serial port 0
2808                    ...
2809                 204 = /dev/ttyTX7              TX39/49 serial port 7
2810                 205 = /dev/ttySC0              SC26xx serial port 0
2811                 206 = /dev/ttySC1              SC26xx serial port 1
2812                 207 = /dev/ttySC2              SC26xx serial port 2
2813                 208 = /dev/ttySC3              SC26xx serial port 3
2814                 209 = /dev/ttyMAX0             MAX3100 serial port 0
2815                 210 = /dev/ttyMAX1             MAX3100 serial port 1
2816                 211 = /dev/ttyMAX2             MAX3100 serial port 2
2817                 212 = /dev/ttyMAX3             MAX3100 serial port 3
2818
2819205 char        Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
2820                  0 = /dev/culu0                Callout device for ttyLU0
2821                  1 = /dev/culu1                Callout device for ttyLU1
2822                  2 = /dev/culu2                Callout device for ttyLU2
2823                  3 = /dev/culu3                Callout device for ttyLU3
2824                  4 = /dev/cufb0                Callout device for ttyFB0
2825                  5 = /dev/cusa0                Callout device for ttySA0
2826                  6 = /dev/cusa1                Callout device for ttySA1
2827                  7 = /dev/cusa2                Callout device for ttySA2
2828                  8 = /dev/cusc0                Callout device for ttySC0
2829                  9 = /dev/cusc1                Callout device for ttySC1
2830                 10 = /dev/cusc2                Callout device for ttySC2
2831                 11 = /dev/cusc3                Callout device for ttySC3
2832                 12 = /dev/cufw0                Callout device for ttyFW0
2833                 13 = /dev/cufw1                Callout device for ttyFW1
2834                 14 = /dev/cufw2                Callout device for ttyFW2
2835                 15 = /dev/cufw3                Callout device for ttyFW3
2836                 16 = /dev/cuam0                Callout device for ttyAM0
2837                    ...
2838                 31 = /dev/cuam15               Callout device for ttyAM15
2839                 32 = /dev/cudb0                Callout device for ttyDB0
2840                    ...
2841                 39 = /dev/cudb7                Callout device for ttyDB7
2842                 40 = /dev/cusg0                Callout device for ttySG0
2843                 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0            Callout device for ttySMX0
2844                 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1            Callout device for ttySMX1
2845                 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2            Callout device for ttySMX2
2846                 46 = /dev/cucpm0               Callout device for ttyCPM0
2847                    ...
2848                 49 = /dev/cucpm5               Callout device for ttyCPM5
2849                 50 = /dev/cuioc40              Callout device for ttyIOC40
2850                    ...
2851                 81 = /dev/cuioc431             Callout device for ttyIOC431
2852                 82 = /dev/cuvr0                Callout device for ttyVR0
2853                 83 = /dev/cuvr1                Callout device for ttyVR1
2854
2855206 char        OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
2856                  0 = /dev/osst0                First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2857                  1 = /dev/osst1                Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2858                    ...
2859                 32 = /dev/osst0l               First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2860                 33 = /dev/osst1l               Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2861                    ...
2862                 64 = /dev/osst0m               First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2863                 65 = /dev/osst1m               Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2864                    ...
2865                 96 = /dev/osst0a               First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2866                 97 = /dev/osst1a               Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2867                    ...
2868                128 = /dev/nosst0               No rewind version of /dev/osst0
2869                129 = /dev/nosst1               No rewind version of /dev/osst1
2870                    ...
2871                160 = /dev/nosst0l              No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
2872                161 = /dev/nosst1l              No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
2873                    ...
2874                192 = /dev/nosst0m              No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
2875                193 = /dev/nosst1m              No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
2876                    ...
2877                224 = /dev/nosst0a              No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
2878                225 = /dev/nosst1a              No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
2879                    ...
2880
2881                The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
2882                standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
2883                their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
2884                maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
2885                usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
2886                driver as well.  The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
2887                compliant and don't need osst.
2888
2889207 char        Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
2890                  0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw       Redirector interface
2891                  1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom       EISA CROM
2892                  2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt        Data Table
2893                  3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt       Event Log
2894                  4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr       Automatic Server Recovery
2895                  5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc       ECC Memory
2896                  6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca       Machine Check Architecture
2897                  7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm       Deprecated CDT
2898                  8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi       NMI Handling
2899                  9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css        Sideshow Management
2900                 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram       CMOS interface
2901                 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci       PCI IRQ interface
2902
2903208 char        User space serial ports
2904                  0 = /dev/ttyU0                First user space serial port
2905                  1 = /dev/ttyU1                Second user space serial port
2906                    ...
2907
2908209 char        User space serial ports (alternate devices)
2909                  0 = /dev/cuu0                 Callout device for ttyU0
2910                  1 = /dev/cuu1                 Callout device for ttyU1
2911                    ...
2912
2913210 char        SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
2914                  0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0          Configuration device for board 0
2915                  1 = /dev/sbei/dld0            Download device for board 0
2916                  2 = /dev/sbei/wan00           WAN device, port 0, board 0
2917                  3 = /dev/sbei/wan01           WAN device, port 1, board 0
2918                  4 = /dev/sbei/wan02           WAN device, port 2, board 0
2919                  5 = /dev/sbei/wan03           WAN device, port 3, board 0
2920                  6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00          WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
2921                  7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01          WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
2922                  8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02          WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
2923                  9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03          WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
2924                 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1          Configuration device for board 1
2925                 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1            Download device for board 1
2926                 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10           WAN device, port 0, board 1
2927                 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11           WAN device, port 1, board 1
2928                 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12           WAN device, port 2, board 1
2929                 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13           WAN device, port 3, board 1
2930                 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10          WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
2931                 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11          WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
2932                 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12          WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
2933                 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13          WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
2934                    ...
2935
2936                Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
2937
2938211 char        Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
2939                  0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0   First CPCI1500 card
2940                  1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1   Second CPCI1500 card
2941                    ...
2942
2943212 char        LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
2944                  0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0    first video decoder of first card
2945                  1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0    first audio decoder of first card
2946                  2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0      (obsolete/unused)
2947                  3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
2948                  4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0    first demux device of first card
2949                  5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0      first digital video recoder device of first card
2950                  6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0       first common access port of first card
2951                  7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0      first network device of first card
2952                  8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0      first on-screen-display device of first card
2953                  9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1    second video decoder of first card
2954                    ...
2955                 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0    first video decoder of second card
2956                    ...
2957                128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0    first video decoder of third card
2958                    ...
2959                196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0    first video decoder of fourth card
2960
2961216 char        Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
2962                  0 = /dev/rfcomm0              First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
2963                  1 = /dev/rfcomm1              Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
2964                    ...
2965
2966217 char        Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
2967                  0 = /dev/curf0                Callout device for rfcomm0
2968                  1 = /dev/curf1                Callout device for rfcomm1
2969                    ...
2970
2971218 char        The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
2972                  0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0      First bus adapter
2973                  1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1      First bus adapter
2974                    ...
2975
2976219 char        The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
2977                  0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0  First DCI-1300 card
2978                  1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1  Second DCI-1300 card
2979                    ...
2980
2981220 char        Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
2982                  0 = /dev/myricom/gm0          First Myrinet GM board
2983                  1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0         First board "root access"
2984                  2 = /dev/myricom/gm1          Second Myrinet GM board
2985                  3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1         Second board "root access"
2986                    ...
2987
2988221 char        VME bus
2989                  0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0           First master image
2990                  1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1           Second master image
2991                  2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2           Third master image
2992                  3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3           Fourth master image
2993                  4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0           First slave image
2994                  5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1           Second slave image
2995                  6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2           Third slave image
2996                  7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3           Fourth slave image
2997                  8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl          Control
2998
2999                It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
3000                same interface.  For interface documentation see
3001                http://www.vmelinux.org/.
3002
3003224 char        A2232 serial card
3004                  0 = /dev/ttyY0                First A2232 port
3005                  1 = /dev/ttyY1                Second A2232 port
3006                    ...
3007
3008225 char        A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
3009                  0 = /dev/cuy0                 Callout device for ttyY0
3010                  1 = /dev/cuy1                 Callout device for ttyY1
3011                    ...
3012
3013226 char        Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
3014                  0 = /dev/dri/card0            First graphics card
3015                  1 = /dev/dri/card1            Second graphics card
3016                    ...
3017
3018227 char        IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
3019                  1 = /dev/3270/tty1            First 3270 terminal
3020                  2 = /dev/3270/tty2            Seconds 3270 terminal
3021                    ...
3022
3023228 char        IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
3024                  0 = /dev/3270/tub             Controlling interface
3025                  1 = /dev/3270/tub1            First 3270 terminal
3026                  2 = /dev/3270/tub2            Second 3270 terminal
3027                    ...
3028
3029229 char        IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
3030                  0 = /dev/hvc0                 First console port
3031                  1 = /dev/hvc1                 Second console port
3032                    ...
3033
3034230 char        IBM iSeries virtual tape
3035                  0 = /dev/iseries/vt0          First virtual tape, mode 0
3036                  1 = /dev/iseries/vt1          Second virtual tape, mode 0
3037                    ...
3038                 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l         First virtual tape, mode 1
3039                 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l         Second virtual tape, mode 1
3040                    ...
3041                 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m         First virtual tape, mode 2
3042                 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m         Second virtual tape, mode 2
3043                    ...
3044                 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a         First virtual tape, mode 3
3045                 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a         Second virtual tape, mode 3
3046                      ...
3047                128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0         First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3048                129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1         Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3049                    ...
3050                160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l        First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3051                161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l        Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3052                    ...
3053                192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m        First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3054                193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m        Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3055                    ...
3056                224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a        First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3057                225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a        Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3058                    ...
3059
3060                "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
3061                automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
3062                ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
3063                the device used to access it.
3064
3065231 char        InfiniBand
3066                0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
3067                1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
3068                  ...
3069                63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63    63rd InfiniBandMad device
3070                64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0     First InfiniBand IsSM device
3071                65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1     Second InfiniBand IsSM device
3072                  ...
3073                127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63    63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
3074                128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0   First InfiniBand verbs device
3075                129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1   Second InfiniBand verbs device
3076                  ...
3077                159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31  31st InfiniBand verbs device
3078
3079232 char        Biometric Devices
3080                0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint  first fingerprint sensor on first device
3081                1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris         first iris sensor on first device
3082                2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina       first retina sensor on first device
3083                3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint   first voiceprint sensor on first device
3084                4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial       first facial sensor on first device
3085                5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand         first hand sensor on first device
3086                  ...
3087                10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on second device
3088                  ...
3089                20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on third device
3090                  ...
3091
3092233 char        PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
3093                0 = /dev/ipath        Primary device for programs (any unit)
3094                1 = /dev/ipath0       Access specifically to unit 0
3095                2 = /dev/ipath1       Access specifically to unit 1
3096                  ...
3097                4 = /dev/ipath3       Access specifically to unit 3
3098                129 = /dev/ipath_sma    Device used by Subnet Management Agent
3099                130 = /dev/ipath_diag   Device used by diagnostics programs
3100
3101234-239         UNASSIGNED
3102
3103240-254 char    LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3104
3105240-254 block   LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3106                Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
3107                assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
3108                used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
3109
3110255 char        RESERVED
3111
3112255 block       RESERVED
3113
3114                This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
3115                larger number space.  No device nodes with this major
3116                should ever be created on the filesystem.
3117                (This is probably not true anymore, but I'll leave it
3118                for now /Torben)
3119
3120---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
3121
3122256 char        Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
3123                   0 = /dev/ttyEQ0      First serial port on first Equinox SST board
3124                 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127    Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
3125                 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128    First serial port on second Equinox SST board
3126                  ...
3127                1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027   Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
3128
3129256 block       Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
3130                  0 = /dev/rfda         First RFD FTL layer
3131                 16 = /dev/rfdb         Second RFD FTL layer
3132                  ...
3133                240 = /dev/rfdp         16th RFD FTL layer
3134
3135257 char        Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
3136                  0 = /dev/ptlsec       Crypto Services Driver
3137
3138257 block       SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
3139                  0 = /dev/ssfdca       First SSFDC layer
3140                  8 = /dev/ssfdcb       Second SSFDC layer
3141                 16 = /dev/ssfdcc       Third SSFDC layer
3142                 24 = /dev/ssfdcd       4th SSFDC layer
3143                 32 = /dev/ssfdce       5th SSFDC layer
3144                 40 = /dev/ssfdcf       6th SSFDC layer
3145                 48 = /dev/ssfdcg       7th SSFDC layer
3146                 56 = /dev/ssfdch       8th SSFDC layer
3147
3148258 block       ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
3149                  0 = /dev/blockrom0    First ROM card's translation layer interface
3150                  1 = /dev/blockrom1    Second ROM card's translation layer interface
3151                  ...
3152
3153259 block       Block Extended Major
3154                  Used dynamically to hold additional partition minor
3155                  numbers and allow large numbers of partitions per device
3156
3157259 char        FPGA configuration interfaces
3158                  0 = /dev/icap0        First Xilinx internal configuration
3159                  1 = /dev/icap1        Second Xilinx internal configuration
3160
3161260 char        OSD (Object-based-device) SCSI Device
3162                  0 = /dev/osd0         First OSD Device
3163                  1 = /dev/osd1         Second OSD Device
3164                  ...
3165                  255 = /dev/osd255     256th OSD Device
3166
3167 ****   ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
3168
3169This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
3170the /dev directory.  It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
3171form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here.  Links are
3172classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
3173link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
3174
3175
3176        Compulsory links
3177
3178These links should exist on all systems:
3179
3180/dev/fd         /proc/self/fd   symbolic        File descriptors
3181/dev/stdin      fd/0            symbolic        stdin file descriptor
3182/dev/stdout     fd/1            symbolic        stdout file descriptor
3183/dev/stderr     fd/2            symbolic        stderr file descriptor
3184/dev/nfsd       socksys         symbolic        Required by iBCS-2
3185/dev/X0R        null            symbolic        Required by iBCS-2
3186
3187Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.
3188
3189        Recommended links
3190
3191It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
3192
3193/dev/core       /proc/kcore     symbolic        Backward compatibility
3194/dev/ramdisk    ram0            symbolic        Backward compatibility
3195/dev/ftape      qft0            symbolic        Backward compatibility
3196/dev/bttv0      video0          symbolic        Backward compatibility
3197/dev/radio      radio0          symbolic        Backward compatibility
3198/dev/i2o*       /dev/i2o/*      symbolic        Backward compatibility
3199/dev/scd?       sr?             hard            Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
3200
3201        Locally defined links
3202
3203The following links may be established locally to conform to the
3204configuration of the system.  This is merely a tabulation of existing
3205practice, and does not constitute a recommendation.  However, if they
3206exist, they should have the following uses.
3207
3208/dev/mouse      mouse port      symbolic        Current mouse device
3209/dev/tape       tape device     symbolic        Current tape device
3210/dev/cdrom      CD-ROM device   symbolic        Current CD-ROM device
3211/dev/cdwriter   CD-writer       symbolic        Current CD-writer device
3212/dev/scanner    scanner         symbolic        Current scanner device
3213/dev/modem      modem port      symbolic        Current dialout device
3214/dev/root       root device     symbolic        Current root filesystem
3215/dev/swap       swap device     symbolic        Current swap device
3216
3217/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
3218well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems.  If it
3219exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
3220(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
3221
3222For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
3223``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
3224/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
3225SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
3226
3227/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
3228device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
3229
3230        Sockets and pipes
3231
3232Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev.  Common entries are:
3233
3234/dev/printer    socket          lpd local socket
3235/dev/log        socket          syslog local socket
3236/dev/gpmdata    socket          gpm mouse multiplexer
3237
3238        Mount points
3239
3240The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
3241under /dev.  These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
3242cannot be provided with standard device nodes.
3243
3244/dev/pts        devpts          PTY slave filesystem
3245/dev/shm        tmpfs           POSIX shared memory maintenance access
3246
3247 ****   TERMINAL DEVICES
3248
3249Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices.  A
3250terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
3251for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
3252pseudoterminals (PTYs).
3253
3254All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
3255disciplines; these include the common terminal line discipline as well
3256as SLIP and PPP modes.
3257
3258All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
3259naming and use of the various types of TTYs.  Note that the naming
3260conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
3261Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
3262reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
3263
3264A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
3265number without leading zeroes.
3266
3267        Virtual consoles and the console device
3268
3269Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
3270monitor.  Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
3271starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
3272/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
3273card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
3274(/dev/fb*) are not applicable.  Do not use /dev/console
3275for this purpose.
3276
3277The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
3278messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
3279single-user mode.  Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
3280by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
3281either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
3282a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
3283configuration of the system.
3284
3285        Serial ports
3286
3287Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
3288one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
3289as the ISDN driver.)  Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
3290names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
3291Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter.  For any
3292letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
3293respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
3294correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#.  In the future, it should be
3295expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
3296case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
3297"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
3298
3299The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
3300
3301The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
3302different defaults than the primary devices.  Their main purpose is to
3303allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
3304support for serial ports.  Their use is deprecated, and they may be
3305removed from a future version of Linux.
3306
3307Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
3308the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#.  The contents of the lock file should
3309be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
3310
3311It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
3312which point to serial ports.  In order to ensure proper locking in the
3313presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
3314symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
3315that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
3316device.  In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
3317are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
3318
3319        1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
3320        2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
3321        3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
3322
3323In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
3324installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
3325
3326Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
3327for another to be released.  In addition, applications which attempt
3328to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
3329should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
3330port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
3331
3332        Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
3333
3334Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
3335other capabilities requiring a TTY line discipline (including SLIP or
3336PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes.  Each PTY has
3337a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
3338/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f].  The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
3339allowing each master side to be opened only once.
3340
3341Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
3342can be used in the same manner as any TTY device.  The master and
3343slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
3344of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
3345
3346Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
3347the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
3348device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
3349give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
3350for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
3351in our notation).  This removes the problem of exhausting the
3352namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
3353nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.
3354
3355