/*
 *  Routines for driver control interface
 *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
 *
 *
 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *   (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *   GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
 *
 */

#include <linux/threads.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <sound/core.h>
#include <sound/minors.h>
#include <sound/info.h>
#include <sound/control.h>

/* max number of user-defined controls */
#define MAX_USER_CONTROLS       32
#define MAX_CONTROL_COUNT       1028

struct snd_kctl_ioctl {
        struct list_head list;          /* list of all ioctls */
        snd_kctl_ioctl_func_t fioctl;
};

static DECLARE_RWSEM(snd_ioctl_rwsem);
static LIST_HEAD(snd_control_ioctls);
#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
static LIST_HEAD(snd_control_compat_ioctls);
#endif

static int snd_ctl_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct snd_card *card;
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;
        int err;

        err = nonseekable_open(inode, file);
        if (err < 0)
                return err;

        card = snd_lookup_minor_data(iminor(inode), SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_CONTROL);
        if (!card) {
                err = -ENODEV;
                goto __error1;
        }
        err = snd_card_file_add(card, file);
        if (err < 0) {
                err = -ENODEV;
                goto __error1;
        }
        if (!try_module_get(card->module)) {
                err = -EFAULT;
                goto __error2;
        }
        ctl = kzalloc(sizeof(*ctl), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (ctl == NULL) {
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto __error;
        }
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctl->events);
        init_waitqueue_head(&ctl->change_sleep);
        spin_lock_init(&ctl->read_lock);
        ctl->card = card;
        ctl->prefer_pcm_subdevice = -1;
        ctl->prefer_rawmidi_subdevice = -1;
        ctl->pid = get_pid(task_pid(current));
        file->private_data = ctl;
        write_lock_irqsave(&card->ctl_files_rwlock, flags);
        list_add_tail(&ctl->list, &card->ctl_files);
        write_unlock_irqrestore(&card->ctl_files_rwlock, flags);
        return 0;

      __error:
        module_put(card->module);
      __error2:
        snd_card_file_remove(card, file);
      __error1:
        return err;
}

static void snd_ctl_empty_read_queue(struct snd_ctl_file * ctl)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct snd_kctl_event *cread;
        
        spin_lock_irqsave(&ctl->read_lock, flags);
        while (!list_empty(&ctl->events)) {
                cread = snd_kctl_event(ctl->events.next);
                list_del(&cread->list);
                kfree(cread);
        }
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ctl->read_lock, flags);
}

static int snd_ctl_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct snd_card *card;
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol *control;
        unsigned int idx;

        ctl = file->private_data;
        file->private_data = NULL;
        card = ctl->card;
        write_lock_irqsave(&card->ctl_files_rwlock, flags);
        list_del(&ctl->list);
        write_unlock_irqrestore(&card->ctl_files_rwlock, flags);
        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        list_for_each_entry(control, &card->controls, list)
                for (idx = 0; idx < control->count; idx++)
                        if (control->vd[idx].owner == ctl)
                                control->vd[idx].owner = NULL;
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        snd_ctl_empty_read_queue(ctl);
        put_pid(ctl->pid);
        kfree(ctl);
        module_put(card->module);
        snd_card_file_remove(card, file);
        return 0;
}

void snd_ctl_notify(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int mask,
                    struct snd_ctl_elem_id *id)
{
        unsigned long flags;
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;
        struct snd_kctl_event *ev;
        
        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card || !id))
                return;
        read_lock(&card->ctl_files_rwlock);
#if defined(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS) || defined(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS_MODULE)
        card->mixer_oss_change_count++;
#endif
        list_for_each_entry(ctl, &card->ctl_files, list) {
                if (!ctl->subscribed)
                        continue;
                spin_lock_irqsave(&ctl->read_lock, flags);
                list_for_each_entry(ev, &ctl->events, list) {
                        if (ev->id.numid == id->numid) {
                                ev->mask |= mask;
                                goto _found;
                        }
                }
                ev = kzalloc(sizeof(*ev), GFP_ATOMIC);
                if (ev) {
                        ev->id = *id;
                        ev->mask = mask;
                        list_add_tail(&ev->list, &ctl->events);
                } else {
                        snd_printk(KERN_ERR "No memory available to allocate event\n");
                }
        _found:
                wake_up(&ctl->change_sleep);
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ctl->read_lock, flags);
                kill_fasync(&ctl->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
        }
        read_unlock(&card->ctl_files_rwlock);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_notify);

/**
 * snd_ctl_new - create a control instance from the template
 * @control: the control template
 * @access: the default control access
 *
 * Allocates a new struct snd_kcontrol instance and copies the given template 
 * to the new instance. It does not copy volatile data (access).
 *
 * Returns the pointer of the new instance, or NULL on failure.
 */
static struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ctl_new(struct snd_kcontrol *control,
                                        unsigned int access)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        unsigned int idx;
        
        if (snd_BUG_ON(!control || !control->count))
                return NULL;

        if (control->count > MAX_CONTROL_COUNT)
                return NULL;

        kctl = kzalloc(sizeof(*kctl) + sizeof(struct snd_kcontrol_volatile) * control->count, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot allocate control instance\n");
                return NULL;
        }
        *kctl = *control;
        for (idx = 0; idx < kctl->count; idx++)
                kctl->vd[idx].access = access;
        return kctl;
}

/**
 * snd_ctl_new1 - create a control instance from the template
 * @ncontrol: the initialization record
 * @private_data: the private data to set
 *
 * Allocates a new struct snd_kcontrol instance and initialize from the given 
 * template.  When the access field of ncontrol is 0, it's assumed as
 * READWRITE access. When the count field is 0, it's assumes as one.
 *
 * Returns the pointer of the newly generated instance, or NULL on failure.
 */
struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ctl_new1(const struct snd_kcontrol_new *ncontrol,
                                  void *private_data)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol kctl;
        unsigned int access;
        
        if (snd_BUG_ON(!ncontrol || !ncontrol->info))
                return NULL;
        memset(&kctl, 0, sizeof(kctl));
        kctl.id.iface = ncontrol->iface;
        kctl.id.device = ncontrol->device;
        kctl.id.subdevice = ncontrol->subdevice;
        if (ncontrol->name) {
                strlcpy(kctl.id.name, ncontrol->name, sizeof(kctl.id.name));
                if (strcmp(ncontrol->name, kctl.id.name) != 0)
                        snd_printk(KERN_WARNING
                                   "Control name '%s' truncated to '%s'\n",
                                   ncontrol->name, kctl.id.name);
        }
        kctl.id.index = ncontrol->index;
        kctl.count = ncontrol->count ? ncontrol->count : 1;
        access = ncontrol->access == 0 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE :
                 (ncontrol->access & (SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE|
                                      SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE|
                                      SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READWRITE|
                                      SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_COMMAND|
                                      SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_CALLBACK));
        kctl.info = ncontrol->info;
        kctl.get = ncontrol->get;
        kctl.put = ncontrol->put;
        kctl.tlv.p = ncontrol->tlv.p;
        kctl.private_value = ncontrol->private_value;
        kctl.private_data = private_data;
        return snd_ctl_new(&kctl, access);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_new1);

/**
 * snd_ctl_free_one - release the control instance
 * @kcontrol: the control instance
 *
 * Releases the control instance created via snd_ctl_new()
 * or snd_ctl_new1().
 * Don't call this after the control was added to the card.
 */
void snd_ctl_free_one(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
{
        if (kcontrol) {
                if (kcontrol->private_free)
                        kcontrol->private_free(kcontrol);
                kfree(kcontrol);
        }
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_free_one);

static bool snd_ctl_remove_numid_conflict(struct snd_card *card,
                                          unsigned int count)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;

        list_for_each_entry(kctl, &card->controls, list) {
                if (kctl->id.numid < card->last_numid + 1 + count &&
                    kctl->id.numid + kctl->count > card->last_numid + 1) {
                        card->last_numid = kctl->id.numid + kctl->count - 1;
                        return true;
                }
        }
        return false;
}

static int snd_ctl_find_hole(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int count)
{
        unsigned int iter = 100000;

        while (snd_ctl_remove_numid_conflict(card, count)) {
                if (--iter == 0) {
                        /* this situation is very unlikely */
                        snd_printk(KERN_ERR "unable to allocate new control numid\n");
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

/**
 * snd_ctl_add - add the control instance to the card
 * @card: the card instance
 * @kcontrol: the control instance to add
 *
 * Adds the control instance created via snd_ctl_new() or
 * snd_ctl_new1() to the given card. Assigns also an unique
 * numid used for fast search.
 *
 * Returns zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
 *
 * It frees automatically the control which cannot be added.
 */
int snd_ctl_add(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
        unsigned int idx;
        int err = -EINVAL;

        if (! kcontrol)
                return err;
        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card || !kcontrol->info))
                goto error;
        id = kcontrol->id;
        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        if (snd_ctl_find_id(card, &id)) {
                up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
                snd_printd(KERN_ERR "control %i:%i:%i:%s:%i is already present\n",
                                        id.iface,
                                        id.device,
                                        id.subdevice,
                                        id.name,
                                        id.index);
                err = -EBUSY;
                goto error;
        }
        if (snd_ctl_find_hole(card, kcontrol->count) < 0) {
                up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto error;
        }
        list_add_tail(&kcontrol->list, &card->controls);
        card->controls_count += kcontrol->count;
        kcontrol->id.numid = card->last_numid + 1;
        card->last_numid += kcontrol->count;
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        for (idx = 0; idx < kcontrol->count; idx++, id.index++, id.numid++)
                snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_ADD, &id);
        return 0;

 error:
        snd_ctl_free_one(kcontrol);
        return err;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_add);

/**
 * snd_ctl_remove - remove the control from the card and release it
 * @card: the card instance
 * @kcontrol: the control instance to remove
 *
 * Removes the control from the card and then releases the instance.
 * You don't need to call snd_ctl_free_one(). You must be in
 * the write lock - down_write(&card->controls_rwsem).
 * 
 * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
 */
int snd_ctl_remove(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
        unsigned int idx;

        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card || !kcontrol))
                return -EINVAL;
        list_del(&kcontrol->list);
        card->controls_count -= kcontrol->count;
        id = kcontrol->id;
        for (idx = 0; idx < kcontrol->count; idx++, id.index++, id.numid++)
                snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_REMOVE, &id);
        snd_ctl_free_one(kcontrol);
        return 0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_remove);

/**
 * snd_ctl_remove_id - remove the control of the given id and release it
 * @card: the card instance
 * @id: the control id to remove
 *
 * Finds the control instance with the given id, removes it from the
 * card list and releases it.
 * 
 * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
 */
int snd_ctl_remove_id(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ctl_elem_id *id)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        int ret;

        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
                return -ENOENT;
        }
        ret = snd_ctl_remove(card, kctl);
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return ret;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_remove_id);

/**
 * snd_ctl_remove_user_ctl - remove and release the unlocked user control
 * @file: active control handle
 * @id: the control id to remove
 *
 * Finds the control instance with the given id, removes it from the
 * card list and releases it.
 * 
 * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
 */
static int snd_ctl_remove_user_ctl(struct snd_ctl_file * file,
                                   struct snd_ctl_elem_id *id)
{
        struct snd_card *card = file->card;
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        int idx, ret;

        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                ret = -ENOENT;
                goto error;
        }
        if (!(kctl->vd[0].access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_USER)) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto error;
        }
        for (idx = 0; idx < kctl->count; idx++)
                if (kctl->vd[idx].owner != NULL && kctl->vd[idx].owner != file) {
                        ret = -EBUSY;
                        goto error;
                }
        ret = snd_ctl_remove(card, kctl);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto error;
        card->user_ctl_count--;
error:
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return ret;
}

/**
 * snd_ctl_activate_id - activate/inactivate the control of the given id
 * @card: the card instance
 * @id: the control id to activate/inactivate
 * @active: non-zero to activate
 *
 * Finds the control instance with the given id, and activate or
 * inactivate the control together with notification, if changed.
 *
 * Returns 0 if unchanged, 1 if changed, or a negative error code on failure.
 */
int snd_ctl_activate_id(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ctl_elem_id *id,
                        int active)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd;
        unsigned int index_offset;
        int ret;

        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                ret = -ENOENT;
                goto unlock;
        }
        index_offset = snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, &kctl->id);
        vd = &kctl->vd[index_offset];
        ret = 0;
        if (active) {
                if (!(vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE))
                        goto unlock;
                vd->access &= ~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
        } else {
                if (vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE)
                        goto unlock;
                vd->access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
        }
        ret = 1;
 unlock:
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        if (ret > 0)
                snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, id);
        return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_ctl_activate_id);

/**
 * snd_ctl_rename_id - replace the id of a control on the card
 * @card: the card instance
 * @src_id: the old id
 * @dst_id: the new id
 *
 * Finds the control with the old id from the card, and replaces the
 * id with the new one.
 *
 * Returns zero if successful, or a negative error code on failure.
 */
int snd_ctl_rename_id(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ctl_elem_id *src_id,
                      struct snd_ctl_elem_id *dst_id)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;

        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, src_id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
                return -ENOENT;
        }
        kctl->id = *dst_id;
        kctl->id.numid = card->last_numid + 1;
        card->last_numid += kctl->count;
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return 0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_rename_id);

/**
 * snd_ctl_find_numid - find the control instance with the given number-id
 * @card: the card instance
 * @numid: the number-id to search
 *
 * Finds the control instance with the given number-id from the card.
 *
 * Returns the pointer of the instance if found, or NULL if not.
 *
 * The caller must down card->controls_rwsem before calling this function
 * (if the race condition can happen).
 */
struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ctl_find_numid(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int numid)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;

        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card || !numid))
                return NULL;
        list_for_each_entry(kctl, &card->controls, list) {
                if (kctl->id.numid <= numid && kctl->id.numid + kctl->count > numid)
                        return kctl;
        }
        return NULL;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_find_numid);

/**
 * snd_ctl_find_id - find the control instance with the given id
 * @card: the card instance
 * @id: the id to search
 *
 * Finds the control instance with the given id from the card.
 *
 * Returns the pointer of the instance if found, or NULL if not.
 *
 * The caller must down card->controls_rwsem before calling this function
 * (if the race condition can happen).
 */
struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ctl_find_id(struct snd_card *card,
                                     struct snd_ctl_elem_id *id)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;

        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card || !id))
                return NULL;
        if (id->numid != 0)
                return snd_ctl_find_numid(card, id->numid);
        list_for_each_entry(kctl, &card->controls, list) {
                if (kctl->id.iface != id->iface)
                        continue;
                if (kctl->id.device != id->device)
                        continue;
                if (kctl->id.subdevice != id->subdevice)
                        continue;
                if (strncmp(kctl->id.name, id->name, sizeof(kctl->id.name)))
                        continue;
                if (kctl->id.index > id->index)
                        continue;
                if (kctl->id.index + kctl->count <= id->index)
                        continue;
                return kctl;
        }
        return NULL;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_find_id);

static int snd_ctl_card_info(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ctl_file * ctl,
                             unsigned int cmd, void __user *arg)
{
        struct snd_ctl_card_info *info;

        info = kzalloc(sizeof(*info), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (! info)
                return -ENOMEM;
        down_read(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        info->card = card->number;
        strlcpy(info->id, card->id, sizeof(info->id));
        strlcpy(info->driver, card->driver, sizeof(info->driver));
        strlcpy(info->name, card->shortname, sizeof(info->name));
        strlcpy(info->longname, card->longname, sizeof(info->longname));
        strlcpy(info->mixername, card->mixername, sizeof(info->mixername));
        strlcpy(info->components, card->components, sizeof(info->components));
        up_read(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        if (copy_to_user(arg, info, sizeof(struct snd_ctl_card_info))) {
                kfree(info);
                return -EFAULT;
        }
        kfree(info);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_list(struct snd_card *card,
                             struct snd_ctl_elem_list __user *_list)
{
        struct list_head *plist;
        struct snd_ctl_elem_list list;
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_ctl_elem_id *dst, *id;
        unsigned int offset, space, first, jidx;
        
        if (copy_from_user(&list, _list, sizeof(list)))
                return -EFAULT;
        offset = list.offset;
        space = list.space;
        first = 0;
        /* try limit maximum space */
        if (space > 16384)
                return -ENOMEM;
        if (space > 0) {
                /* allocate temporary buffer for atomic operation */
                dst = vmalloc(space * sizeof(struct snd_ctl_elem_id));
                if (dst == NULL)
                        return -ENOMEM;
                down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
                list.count = card->controls_count;
                plist = card->controls.next;
                while (plist != &card->controls) {
                        if (offset == 0)
                                break;
                        kctl = snd_kcontrol(plist);
                        if (offset < kctl->count)
                                break;
                        offset -= kctl->count;
                        plist = plist->next;
                }
                list.used = 0;
                id = dst;
                while (space > 0 && plist != &card->controls) {
                        kctl = snd_kcontrol(plist);
                        for (jidx = offset; space > 0 && jidx < kctl->count; jidx++) {
                                snd_ctl_build_ioff(id, kctl, jidx);
                                id++;
                                space--;
                                list.used++;
                        }
                        plist = plist->next;
                        offset = 0;
                }
                up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
                if (list.used > 0 &&
                    copy_to_user(list.pids, dst,
                                 list.used * sizeof(struct snd_ctl_elem_id))) {
                        vfree(dst);
                        return -EFAULT;
                }
                vfree(dst);
        } else {
                down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
                list.count = card->controls_count;
                up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        }
        if (copy_to_user(_list, &list, sizeof(list)))
                return -EFAULT;
        return 0;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_info(struct snd_ctl_file *ctl,
                             struct snd_ctl_elem_info *info)
{
        struct snd_card *card = ctl->card;
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd;
        unsigned int index_offset;
        int result;
        
        down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, &info->id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
                return -ENOENT;
        }
#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
        info->access = 0;
#endif
        result = kctl->info(kctl, info);
        if (result >= 0) {
                snd_BUG_ON(info->access);
                index_offset = snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, &info->id);
                vd = &kctl->vd[index_offset];
                snd_ctl_build_ioff(&info->id, kctl, index_offset);
                info->access = vd->access;
                if (vd->owner) {
                        info->access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_LOCK;
                        if (vd->owner == ctl)
                                info->access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_OWNER;
                        info->owner = pid_vnr(vd->owner->pid);
                } else {
                        info->owner = -1;
                }
        }
        up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return result;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_info_user(struct snd_ctl_file *ctl,
                                  struct snd_ctl_elem_info __user *_info)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_info info;
        int result;

        if (copy_from_user(&info, _info, sizeof(info)))
                return -EFAULT;
        snd_power_lock(ctl->card);
        result = snd_power_wait(ctl->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
        if (result >= 0)
                result = snd_ctl_elem_info(ctl, &info);
        snd_power_unlock(ctl->card);
        if (result >= 0)
                if (copy_to_user(_info, &info, sizeof(info)))
                        return -EFAULT;
        return result;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_read(struct snd_card *card,
                             struct snd_ctl_elem_value *control)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd;
        unsigned int index_offset;
        int result;

        down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, &control->id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                result = -ENOENT;
        } else {
                index_offset = snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, &control->id);
                vd = &kctl->vd[index_offset];
                if ((vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ) &&
                    kctl->get != NULL) {
                        snd_ctl_build_ioff(&control->id, kctl, index_offset);
                        result = kctl->get(kctl, control);
                } else
                        result = -EPERM;
        }
        up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return result;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_read_user(struct snd_card *card,
                                  struct snd_ctl_elem_value __user *_control)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_value *control;
        int result;

        control = memdup_user(_control, sizeof(*control));
        if (IS_ERR(control))
                return PTR_ERR(control);

        snd_power_lock(card);
        result = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
        if (result >= 0)
                result = snd_ctl_elem_read(card, control);
        snd_power_unlock(card);
        if (result >= 0)
                if (copy_to_user(_control, control, sizeof(*control)))
                        result = -EFAULT;
        kfree(control);
        return result;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_write(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                              struct snd_ctl_elem_value *control)
{
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd;
        unsigned int index_offset;
        int result;

        down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, &control->id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                result = -ENOENT;
        } else {
                index_offset = snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, &control->id);
                vd = &kctl->vd[index_offset];
                if (!(vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE) ||
                    kctl->put == NULL ||
                    (file && vd->owner && vd->owner != file)) {
                        result = -EPERM;
                } else {
                        snd_ctl_build_ioff(&control->id, kctl, index_offset);
                        result = kctl->put(kctl, control);
                }
                if (result > 0) {
                        up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
                        snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
                                       &control->id);
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return result;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_write_user(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                                   struct snd_ctl_elem_value __user *_control)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_value *control;
        struct snd_card *card;
        int result;

        control = memdup_user(_control, sizeof(*control));
        if (IS_ERR(control))
                return PTR_ERR(control);

        card = file->card;
        snd_power_lock(card);
        result = snd_power_wait(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
        if (result >= 0)
                result = snd_ctl_elem_write(card, file, control);
        snd_power_unlock(card);
        if (result >= 0)
                if (copy_to_user(_control, control, sizeof(*control)))
                        result = -EFAULT;
        kfree(control);
        return result;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_lock(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                             struct snd_ctl_elem_id __user *_id)
{
        struct snd_card *card = file->card;
        struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd;
        int result;
        
        if (copy_from_user(&id, _id, sizeof(id)))
                return -EFAULT;
        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, &id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                result = -ENOENT;
        } else {
                vd = &kctl->vd[snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, &id)];
                if (vd->owner != NULL)
                        result = -EBUSY;
                else {
                        vd->owner = file;
                        result = 0;
                }
        }
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return result;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_unlock(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                               struct snd_ctl_elem_id __user *_id)
{
        struct snd_card *card = file->card;
        struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd;
        int result;
        
        if (copy_from_user(&id, _id, sizeof(id)))
                return -EFAULT;
        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, &id);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                result = -ENOENT;
        } else {
                vd = &kctl->vd[snd_ctl_get_ioff(kctl, &id)];
                if (vd->owner == NULL)
                        result = -EINVAL;
                else if (vd->owner != file)
                        result = -EPERM;
                else {
                        vd->owner = NULL;
                        result = 0;
                }
        }
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return result;
}

struct user_element {
        struct snd_ctl_elem_info info;
        void *elem_data;                /* element data */
        unsigned long elem_data_size;   /* size of element data in bytes */
        void *tlv_data;                 /* TLV data */
        unsigned long tlv_data_size;    /* TLV data size */
        void *priv_data;                /* private data (like strings for enumerated type) */
        unsigned long priv_data_size;   /* size of private data in bytes */
};

static int snd_ctl_elem_user_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                                  struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
{
        struct user_element *ue = kcontrol->private_data;

        *uinfo = ue->info;
        return 0;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_user_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                                 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
{
        struct user_element *ue = kcontrol->private_data;

        memcpy(&ucontrol->value, ue->elem_data, ue->elem_data_size);
        return 0;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_user_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                                 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
{
        int change;
        struct user_element *ue = kcontrol->private_data;
        
        change = memcmp(&ucontrol->value, ue->elem_data, ue->elem_data_size) != 0;
        if (change)
                memcpy(ue->elem_data, &ucontrol->value, ue->elem_data_size);
        return change;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_user_tlv(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                                 int op_flag,
                                 unsigned int size,
                                 unsigned int __user *tlv)
{
        struct user_element *ue = kcontrol->private_data;
        int change = 0;
        void *new_data;

        if (op_flag > 0) {
                if (size > 1024 * 128)  /* sane value */
                        return -EINVAL;

                new_data = memdup_user(tlv, size);
                if (IS_ERR(new_data))
                        return PTR_ERR(new_data);
                change = ue->tlv_data_size != size;
                if (!change)
                        change = memcmp(ue->tlv_data, new_data, size);
                kfree(ue->tlv_data);
                ue->tlv_data = new_data;
                ue->tlv_data_size = size;
        } else {
                if (! ue->tlv_data_size || ! ue->tlv_data)
                        return -ENXIO;
                if (size < ue->tlv_data_size)
                        return -ENOSPC;
                if (copy_to_user(tlv, ue->tlv_data, ue->tlv_data_size))
                        return -EFAULT;
        }
        return change;
}

static void snd_ctl_elem_user_free(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
{
        struct user_element *ue = kcontrol->private_data;
        if (ue->tlv_data)
                kfree(ue->tlv_data);
        kfree(ue);

}

static int snd_ctl_elem_add(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                            struct snd_ctl_elem_info *info, int replace)
{
        struct snd_card *card = file->card;
        struct snd_kcontrol kctl, *_kctl;
        unsigned int access;
        long private_size;
        struct user_element *ue;
        int idx, err;
        
        if (card->user_ctl_count >= MAX_USER_CONTROLS)
                return -ENOMEM;
        if (info->count < 1)
                return -EINVAL;
        access = info->access == 0 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE :
                (info->access & (SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE|
                                 SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE|
                                 SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READWRITE));
        info->id.numid = 0;
        memset(&kctl, 0, sizeof(kctl));
        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        _kctl = snd_ctl_find_id(card, &info->id);
        err = 0;
        if (_kctl) {
                if (replace)
                        err = snd_ctl_remove(card, _kctl);
                else
                        err = -EBUSY;
        } else {
                if (replace)
                        err = -ENOENT;
        }
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        if (err < 0)
                return err;
        memcpy(&kctl.id, &info->id, sizeof(info->id));
        kctl.count = info->owner ? info->owner : 1;
        access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_USER;
        kctl.info = snd_ctl_elem_user_info;
        if (access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ)
                kctl.get = snd_ctl_elem_user_get;
        if (access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_WRITE)
                kctl.put = snd_ctl_elem_user_put;
        if (access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READWRITE) {
                kctl.tlv.c = snd_ctl_elem_user_tlv;
                access |= SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_CALLBACK;
        }
        switch (info->type) {
        case SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
        case SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER:
                private_size = sizeof(long);
                if (info->count > 128)
                        return -EINVAL;
                break;
        case SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER64:
                private_size = sizeof(long long);
                if (info->count > 64)
                        return -EINVAL;
                break;
        case SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BYTES:
                private_size = sizeof(unsigned char);
                if (info->count > 512)
                        return -EINVAL;
                break;
        case SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_IEC958:
                private_size = sizeof(struct snd_aes_iec958);
                if (info->count != 1)
                        return -EINVAL;
                break;
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }
        private_size *= info->count;
        ue = kzalloc(sizeof(struct user_element) + private_size, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (ue == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        ue->info = *info;
        ue->info.access = 0;
        ue->elem_data = (char *)ue + sizeof(*ue);
        ue->elem_data_size = private_size;
        kctl.private_free = snd_ctl_elem_user_free;
        _kctl = snd_ctl_new(&kctl, access);
        if (_kctl == NULL) {
                kfree(ue);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        _kctl->private_data = ue;
        for (idx = 0; idx < _kctl->count; idx++)
                _kctl->vd[idx].owner = file;
        err = snd_ctl_add(card, _kctl);
        if (err < 0)
                return err;

        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        card->user_ctl_count++;
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);

        return 0;
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_add_user(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                                 struct snd_ctl_elem_info __user *_info, int replace)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_info info;
        if (copy_from_user(&info, _info, sizeof(info)))
                return -EFAULT;
        return snd_ctl_elem_add(file, &info, replace);
}

static int snd_ctl_elem_remove(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                               struct snd_ctl_elem_id __user *_id)
{
        struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;

        if (copy_from_user(&id, _id, sizeof(id)))
                return -EFAULT;
        return snd_ctl_remove_user_ctl(file, &id);
}

static int snd_ctl_subscribe_events(struct snd_ctl_file *file, int __user *ptr)
{
        int subscribe;
        if (get_user(subscribe, ptr))
                return -EFAULT;
        if (subscribe < 0) {
                subscribe = file->subscribed;
                if (put_user(subscribe, ptr))
                        return -EFAULT;
                return 0;
        }
        if (subscribe) {
                file->subscribed = 1;
                return 0;
        } else if (file->subscribed) {
                snd_ctl_empty_read_queue(file);
                file->subscribed = 0;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int snd_ctl_tlv_ioctl(struct snd_ctl_file *file,
                             struct snd_ctl_tlv __user *_tlv,
                             int op_flag)
{
        struct snd_card *card = file->card;
        struct snd_ctl_tlv tlv;
        struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
        struct snd_kcontrol_volatile *vd;
        unsigned int len;
        int err = 0;

        if (copy_from_user(&tlv, _tlv, sizeof(tlv)))
                return -EFAULT;
        if (tlv.length < sizeof(unsigned int) * 2)
                return -EINVAL;
        down_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        kctl = snd_ctl_find_numid(card, tlv.numid);
        if (kctl == NULL) {
                err = -ENOENT;
                goto __kctl_end;
        }
        if (kctl->tlv.p == NULL) {
                err = -ENXIO;
                goto __kctl_end;
        }
        vd = &kctl->vd[tlv.numid - kctl->id.numid];
        if ((op_flag == 0 && (vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ) == 0) ||
            (op_flag > 0 && (vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_WRITE) == 0) ||
            (op_flag < 0 && (vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_COMMAND) == 0)) {
                err = -ENXIO;
                goto __kctl_end;
        }
        if (vd->access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_CALLBACK) {
                if (vd->owner != NULL && vd->owner != file) {
                        err = -EPERM;
                        goto __kctl_end;
                }
                err = kctl->tlv.c(kctl, op_flag, tlv.length, _tlv->tlv); 
                if (err > 0) {
                        up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
                        snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_TLV, &kctl->id);
                        return 0;
                }
        } else {
                if (op_flag) {
                        err = -ENXIO;
                        goto __kctl_end;
                }
                len = kctl->tlv.p[1] + 2 * sizeof(unsigned int);
                if (tlv.length < len) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto __kctl_end;
                }
                if (copy_to_user(_tlv->tlv, kctl->tlv.p, len))
                        err = -EFAULT;
        }
      __kctl_end:
        up_read(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return err;
}

static long snd_ctl_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;
        struct snd_card *card;
        struct snd_kctl_ioctl *p;
        void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
        int __user *ip = argp;
        int err;

        ctl = file->private_data;
        card = ctl->card;
        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
                return -ENXIO;
        switch (cmd) {
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_PVERSION:
                return put_user(SNDRV_CTL_VERSION, ip) ? -EFAULT : 0;
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_CARD_INFO:
                return snd_ctl_card_info(card, ctl, cmd, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_LIST:
                return snd_ctl_elem_list(card, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_INFO:
                return snd_ctl_elem_info_user(ctl, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_READ:
                return snd_ctl_elem_read_user(card, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_WRITE:
                return snd_ctl_elem_write_user(ctl, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_LOCK:
                return snd_ctl_elem_lock(ctl, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_UNLOCK:
                return snd_ctl_elem_unlock(ctl, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_ADD:
                return snd_ctl_elem_add_user(ctl, argp, 0);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_REPLACE:
                return snd_ctl_elem_add_user(ctl, argp, 1);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_ELEM_REMOVE:
                return snd_ctl_elem_remove(ctl, argp);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_SUBSCRIBE_EVENTS:
                return snd_ctl_subscribe_events(ctl, ip);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_TLV_READ:
                return snd_ctl_tlv_ioctl(ctl, argp, 0);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_TLV_WRITE:
                return snd_ctl_tlv_ioctl(ctl, argp, 1);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_TLV_COMMAND:
                return snd_ctl_tlv_ioctl(ctl, argp, -1);
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_POWER:
                return -ENOPROTOOPT;
        case SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_POWER_STATE:
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
                return put_user(card->power_state, ip) ? -EFAULT : 0;
#else
                return put_user(SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0, ip) ? -EFAULT : 0;
#endif
        }
        down_read(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        list_for_each_entry(p, &snd_control_ioctls, list) {
                err = p->fioctl(card, ctl, cmd, arg);
                if (err != -ENOIOCTLCMD) {
                        up_read(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
                        return err;
                }
        }
        up_read(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        snd_printdd("unknown ioctl = 0x%x\n", cmd);
        return -ENOTTY;
}

static ssize_t snd_ctl_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer,
                            size_t count, loff_t * offset)
{
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;
        int err = 0;
        ssize_t result = 0;

        ctl = file->private_data;
        if (snd_BUG_ON(!ctl || !ctl->card))
                return -ENXIO;
        if (!ctl->subscribed)
                return -EBADFD;
        if (count < sizeof(struct snd_ctl_event))
                return -EINVAL;
        spin_lock_irq(&ctl->read_lock);
        while (count >= sizeof(struct snd_ctl_event)) {
                struct snd_ctl_event ev;
                struct snd_kctl_event *kev;
                while (list_empty(&ctl->events)) {
                        wait_queue_t wait;
                        if ((file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) != 0 || result > 0) {
                                err = -EAGAIN;
                                goto __end_lock;
                        }
                        init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
                        add_wait_queue(&ctl->change_sleep, &wait);
                        set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
                        spin_unlock_irq(&ctl->read_lock);
                        schedule();
                        remove_wait_queue(&ctl->change_sleep, &wait);
                        if (signal_pending(current))
                                return -ERESTARTSYS;
                        spin_lock_irq(&ctl->read_lock);
                }
                kev = snd_kctl_event(ctl->events.next);
                ev.type = SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_ELEM;
                ev.data.elem.mask = kev->mask;
                ev.data.elem.id = kev->id;
                list_del(&kev->list);
                spin_unlock_irq(&ctl->read_lock);
                kfree(kev);
                if (copy_to_user(buffer, &ev, sizeof(struct snd_ctl_event))) {
                        err = -EFAULT;
                        goto __end;
                }
                spin_lock_irq(&ctl->read_lock);
                buffer += sizeof(struct snd_ctl_event);
                count -= sizeof(struct snd_ctl_event);
                result += sizeof(struct snd_ctl_event);
        }
      __end_lock:
        spin_unlock_irq(&ctl->read_lock);
      __end:
        return result > 0 ? result : err;
}

static unsigned int snd_ctl_poll(struct file *file, poll_table * wait)
{
        unsigned int mask;
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;

        ctl = file->private_data;
        if (!ctl->subscribed)
                return 0;
        poll_wait(file, &ctl->change_sleep, wait);

        mask = 0;
        if (!list_empty(&ctl->events))
                mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;

        return mask;
}

/*
 * register the device-specific control-ioctls.
 * called from each device manager like pcm.c, hwdep.c, etc.
 */
static int _snd_ctl_register_ioctl(snd_kctl_ioctl_func_t fcn, struct list_head *lists)
{
        struct snd_kctl_ioctl *pn;

        pn = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_kctl_ioctl), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (pn == NULL)
                return -ENOMEM;
        pn->fioctl = fcn;
        down_write(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        list_add_tail(&pn->list, lists);
        up_write(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        return 0;
}

int snd_ctl_register_ioctl(snd_kctl_ioctl_func_t fcn)
{
        return _snd_ctl_register_ioctl(fcn, &snd_control_ioctls);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_register_ioctl);

#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
int snd_ctl_register_ioctl_compat(snd_kctl_ioctl_func_t fcn)
{
        return _snd_ctl_register_ioctl(fcn, &snd_control_compat_ioctls);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_register_ioctl_compat);
#endif

/*
 * de-register the device-specific control-ioctls.
 */
static int _snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl(snd_kctl_ioctl_func_t fcn,
                                     struct list_head *lists)
{
        struct snd_kctl_ioctl *p;

        if (snd_BUG_ON(!fcn))
                return -EINVAL;
        down_write(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        list_for_each_entry(p, lists, list) {
                if (p->fioctl == fcn) {
                        list_del(&p->list);
                        up_write(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
                        kfree(p);
                        return 0;
                }
        }
        up_write(&snd_ioctl_rwsem);
        snd_BUG();
        return -EINVAL;
}

int snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl(snd_kctl_ioctl_func_t fcn)
{
        return _snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl(fcn, &snd_control_ioctls);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl);

#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
int snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl_compat(snd_kctl_ioctl_func_t fcn)
{
        return _snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl(fcn, &snd_control_compat_ioctls);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_unregister_ioctl_compat);
#endif

static int snd_ctl_fasync(int fd, struct file * file, int on)
{
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;

        ctl = file->private_data;
        return fasync_helper(fd, file, on, &ctl->fasync);
}

/*
 * ioctl32 compat
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
#include "control_compat.c"
#else
#define snd_ctl_ioctl_compat    NULL
#endif

/*
 *  INIT PART
 */

static const struct file_operations snd_ctl_f_ops =
{
        .owner =        THIS_MODULE,
        .read =         snd_ctl_read,
        .open =         snd_ctl_open,
        .release =      snd_ctl_release,
        .llseek =       no_llseek,
        .poll =         snd_ctl_poll,
        .unlocked_ioctl =       snd_ctl_ioctl,
        .compat_ioctl = snd_ctl_ioctl_compat,
        .fasync =       snd_ctl_fasync,
};

/*
 * registration of the control device
 */
static int snd_ctl_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
{
        struct snd_card *card = device->device_data;
        int err, cardnum;
        char name[16];

        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
                return -ENXIO;
        cardnum = card->number;
        if (snd_BUG_ON(cardnum < 0 || cardnum >= SNDRV_CARDS))
                return -ENXIO;
        sprintf(name, "controlC%i", cardnum);
        if ((err = snd_register_device(SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_CONTROL, card, -1,
                                       &snd_ctl_f_ops, card, name)) < 0)
                return err;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * disconnection of the control device
 */
static int snd_ctl_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device)
{
        struct snd_card *card = device->device_data;
        struct snd_ctl_file *ctl;
        int err, cardnum;

        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
                return -ENXIO;
        cardnum = card->number;
        if (snd_BUG_ON(cardnum < 0 || cardnum >= SNDRV_CARDS))
                return -ENXIO;

        read_lock(&card->ctl_files_rwlock);
        list_for_each_entry(ctl, &card->ctl_files, list) {
                wake_up(&ctl->change_sleep);
                kill_fasync(&ctl->fasync, SIGIO, POLL_ERR);
        }
        read_unlock(&card->ctl_files_rwlock);

        if ((err = snd_unregister_device(SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_CONTROL,
                                         card, -1)) < 0)
                return err;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * free all controls
 */
static int snd_ctl_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
{
        struct snd_card *card = device->device_data;
        struct snd_kcontrol *control;

        down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        while (!list_empty(&card->controls)) {
                control = snd_kcontrol(card->controls.next);
                snd_ctl_remove(card, control);
        }
        up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * create control core:
 * called from init.c
 */
int snd_ctl_create(struct snd_card *card)
{
        static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
                .dev_free = snd_ctl_dev_free,
                .dev_register = snd_ctl_dev_register,
                .dev_disconnect = snd_ctl_dev_disconnect,
        };

        if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
                return -ENXIO;
        return snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CONTROL, card, &ops);
}

/*
 * Frequently used control callbacks/helpers
 */
int snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                              struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
{
        uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
        uinfo->count = 1;
        uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
        uinfo->value.integer.max = 1;
        return 0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info);

int snd_ctl_boolean_stereo_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                                struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
{
        uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
        uinfo->count = 2;
        uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
        uinfo->value.integer.max = 1;
        return 0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_boolean_stereo_info);

/**
 * snd_ctl_enum_info - fills the info structure for an enumerated control
 * @info: the structure to be filled
 * @channels: the number of the control's channels; often one
 * @items: the number of control values; also the size of @names
 * @names: an array containing the names of all control values
 *
 * Sets all required fields in @info to their appropriate values.
 * If the control's accessibility is not the default (readable and writable),
 * the caller has to fill @info->access.
 */
int snd_ctl_enum_info(struct snd_ctl_elem_info *info, unsigned int channels,
                      unsigned int items, const char *const names[])
{
        info->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED;
        info->count = channels;
        info->value.enumerated.items = items;
        if (info->value.enumerated.item >= items)
                info->value.enumerated.item = items - 1;
        strlcpy(info->value.enumerated.name,
                names[info->value.enumerated.item],
                sizeof(info->value.enumerated.name));
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_ctl_enum_info);