/*
 *      x86 SMP booting functions
 *
 *      (c) 1995 Alan Cox, Building #3 <alan@redhat.com>
 *      (c) 1998, 1999, 2000 Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
 *
 *      Much of the core SMP work is based on previous work by Thomas Radke, to
 *      whom a great many thanks are extended.
 *
 *      Thanks to Intel for making available several different Pentium,
 *      Pentium Pro and Pentium-II/Xeon MP machines.
 *      Original development of Linux SMP code supported by Caldera.
 *
 *      This code is released under the GNU General Public License version 2 or
 *      later.
 *
 *      Fixes
 *              Felix Koop      :       NR_CPUS used properly
 *              Jose Renau      :       Handle single CPU case.
 *              Alan Cox        :       By repeated request 8) - Total BogoMIP report.
 *              Greg Wright     :       Fix for kernel stacks panic.
 *              Erich Boleyn    :       MP v1.4 and additional changes.
 *      Matthias Sattler        :       Changes for 2.1 kernel map.
 *      Michel Lespinasse       :       Changes for 2.1 kernel map.
 *      Michael Chastain        :       Change trampoline.S to gnu as.
 *              Alan Cox        :       Dumb bug: 'B' step PPro's are fine
 *              Ingo Molnar     :       Added APIC timers, based on code
 *                                      from Jose Renau
 *              Ingo Molnar     :       various cleanups and rewrites
 *              Tigran Aivazian :       fixed "0.00 in /proc/uptime on SMP" bug.
 *      Maciej W. Rozycki       :       Bits for genuine 82489DX APICs
 *              Martin J. Bligh :       Added support for multi-quad systems
 */

#include <linux/config.h>
#include <linux/init.h>

#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>

#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/mc146818rtc.h>
#include <asm/mtrr.h>
#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
#include <asm/smpboot.h>

/* Set if we find a B stepping CPU                      */
static int smp_b_stepping;

/* Setup configured maximum number of CPUs to activate */
static int max_cpus = -1;

/* Total count of live CPUs */
int smp_num_cpus = 1;

/* Number of siblings per CPU package */
int smp_num_siblings = 1;
int __initdata phys_proc_id[NR_CPUS]; /* Package ID of each logical CPU */

/* Bitmask of currently online CPUs */
unsigned long cpu_online_map;

static volatile unsigned long cpu_callin_map;
static volatile unsigned long cpu_callout_map;

/* Per CPU bogomips and other parameters */
struct cpuinfo_x86 cpu_data[NR_CPUS] __cacheline_aligned;

/* Set when the idlers are all forked */
int smp_threads_ready;

/*
 * Setup routine for controlling SMP activation
 *
 * Command-line option of "nosmp" or "maxcpus=0" will disable SMP
 * activation entirely (the MPS table probe still happens, though).
 *
 * Command-line option of "maxcpus=<NUM>", where <NUM> is an integer
 * greater than 0, limits the maximum number of CPUs activated in
 * SMP mode to <NUM>.
 */

static int __init nosmp(char *str)
{
        max_cpus = 0;
        return 1;
}

__setup("nosmp", nosmp);

static int __init maxcpus(char *str)
{
        get_option(&str, &max_cpus);
        return 1;
}

__setup("maxcpus=", maxcpus);

/*
 * Trampoline 80x86 program as an array.
 */

extern unsigned char trampoline_data [];
extern unsigned char trampoline_end  [];
static unsigned char *trampoline_base;

/*
 * Currently trivial. Write the real->protected mode
 * bootstrap into the page concerned. The caller
 * has made sure it's suitably aligned.
 */

static unsigned long __init setup_trampoline(void)
{
        memcpy(trampoline_base, trampoline_data, trampoline_end - trampoline_data);
        return virt_to_phys(trampoline_base);
}

/*
 * We are called very early to get the low memory for the
 * SMP bootup trampoline page.
 */
void __init smp_alloc_memory(void)
{
        trampoline_base = (void *) alloc_bootmem_low_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
        /*
         * Has to be in very low memory so we can execute
         * real-mode AP code.
         */
        if (__pa(trampoline_base) >= 0x9F000)
                BUG();
}

/*
 * The bootstrap kernel entry code has set these up. Save them for
 * a given CPU
 */

void __init smp_store_cpu_info(int id)
{
        struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = cpu_data + id;

        *c = boot_cpu_data;
        c->pte_quick = 0;
        c->pmd_quick = 0;
        c->pgd_quick = 0;
        c->pgtable_cache_sz = 0;
        identify_cpu(c);
        /*
         * Mask B, Pentium, but not Pentium MMX
         */
        if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL &&
            c->x86 == 5 &&
            c->x86_mask >= 1 && c->x86_mask <= 4 &&
            c->x86_model <= 3)
                /*
                 * Remember we have B step Pentia with bugs
                 */
                smp_b_stepping = 1;
}

/*
 * Architecture specific routine called by the kernel just before init is
 * fired off. This allows the BP to have everything in order [we hope].
 * At the end of this all the APs will hit the system scheduling and off
 * we go. Each AP will load the system gdt's and jump through the kernel
 * init into idle(). At this point the scheduler will one day take over
 * and give them jobs to do. smp_callin is a standard routine
 * we use to track CPUs as they power up.
 */

static atomic_t smp_commenced = ATOMIC_INIT(0);

void __init smp_commence(void)
{
        /*
         * Lets the callins below out of their loop.
         */
        Dprintk("Setting commenced=1, go go go\n");

        wmb();
        atomic_set(&smp_commenced,1);
}

/*
 * TSC synchronization.
 *
 * We first check wether all CPUs have their TSC's synchronized,
 * then we print a warning if not, and always resync.
 */

static atomic_t tsc_start_flag = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
static atomic_t tsc_count_start = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
static atomic_t tsc_count_stop = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
static unsigned long long tsc_values[NR_CPUS];

#define NR_LOOPS 5

extern unsigned long fast_gettimeoffset_quotient;

/*
 * accurate 64-bit/32-bit division, expanded to 32-bit divisions and 64-bit
 * multiplication. Not terribly optimized but we need it at boot time only
 * anyway.
 *
 * result == a / b
 *      == (a1 + a2*(2^32)) / b
 *      == a1/b + a2*(2^32/b)
 *      == a1/b + a2*((2^32-1)/b) + a2/b + (a2*((2^32-1) % b))/b
 *                  ^---- (this multiplication can overflow)
 */

static unsigned long long __init div64 (unsigned long long a, unsigned long b0)
{
        unsigned int a1, a2;
        unsigned long long res;

        a1 = ((unsigned int*)&a)[0];
        a2 = ((unsigned int*)&a)[1];

        res = a1/b0 +
                (unsigned long long)a2 * (unsigned long long)(0xffffffff/b0) +
                a2 / b0 +
                (a2 * (0xffffffff % b0)) / b0;

        return res;
}

static void __init synchronize_tsc_bp (void)
{
        int i;
        unsigned long long t0;
        unsigned long long sum, avg;
        long long delta;
        unsigned long one_usec;
        int buggy = 0;

        printk("checking TSC synchronization across CPUs: ");

        one_usec = ((1<<30)/fast_gettimeoffset_quotient)*(1<<2);

        atomic_set(&tsc_start_flag, 1);
        wmb();

        /*
         * We loop a few times to get a primed instruction cache,
         * then the last pass is more or less synchronized and
         * the BP and APs set their cycle counters to zero all at
         * once. This reduces the chance of having random offsets
         * between the processors, and guarantees that the maximum
         * delay between the cycle counters is never bigger than
         * the latency of information-passing (cachelines) between
         * two CPUs.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < NR_LOOPS; i++) {
                /*
                 * all APs synchronize but they loop on '== num_cpus'
                 */
                while (atomic_read(&tsc_count_start) != smp_num_cpus-1) mb();
                atomic_set(&tsc_count_stop, 0);
                wmb();
                /*
                 * this lets the APs save their current TSC:
                 */
                atomic_inc(&tsc_count_start);

                rdtscll(tsc_values[smp_processor_id()]);
                /*
                 * We clear the TSC in the last loop:
                 */
                if (i == NR_LOOPS-1)
                        write_tsc(0, 0);

                /*
                 * Wait for all APs to leave the synchronization point:
                 */
                while (atomic_read(&tsc_count_stop) != smp_num_cpus-1) mb();
                atomic_set(&tsc_count_start, 0);
                wmb();
                atomic_inc(&tsc_count_stop);
        }

        sum = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < smp_num_cpus; i++) {
                t0 = tsc_values[i];
                sum += t0;
        }
        avg = div64(sum, smp_num_cpus);

        sum = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < smp_num_cpus; i++) {
                delta = tsc_values[i] - avg;
                if (delta < 0)
                        delta = -delta;
                /*
                 * We report bigger than 2 microseconds clock differences.
                 */
                if (delta > 2*one_usec) {
                        long realdelta;
                        if (!buggy) {
                                buggy = 1;
                                printk("\n");
                        }
                        realdelta = div64(delta, one_usec);
                        if (tsc_values[i] < avg)
                                realdelta = -realdelta;

                        printk("BIOS BUG: CPU#%d improperly initialized, has %ld usecs TSC skew! FIXED.\n",
                                i, realdelta);
                }

                sum += delta;
        }
        if (!buggy)
                printk("passed.\n");
}

static void __init synchronize_tsc_ap (void)
{
        int i;

        /*
         * smp_num_cpus is not necessarily known at the time
         * this gets called, so we first wait for the BP to
         * finish SMP initialization:
         */
        while (!atomic_read(&tsc_start_flag)) mb();

        for (i = 0; i < NR_LOOPS; i++) {
                atomic_inc(&tsc_count_start);
                while (atomic_read(&tsc_count_start) != smp_num_cpus) mb();

                rdtscll(tsc_values[smp_processor_id()]);
                if (i == NR_LOOPS-1)
                        write_tsc(0, 0);

                atomic_inc(&tsc_count_stop);
                while (atomic_read(&tsc_count_stop) != smp_num_cpus) mb();
        }
}
#undef NR_LOOPS

extern void calibrate_delay(void);

static atomic_t init_deasserted;

void __init smp_callin(void)
{
        int cpuid, phys_id;
        unsigned long timeout;

        /*
         * If waken up by an INIT in an 82489DX configuration
         * we may get here before an INIT-deassert IPI reaches
         * our local APIC.  We have to wait for the IPI or we'll
         * lock up on an APIC access.
         */
        if (!clustered_apic_mode) 
                while (!atomic_read(&init_deasserted));

        /*
         * (This works even if the APIC is not enabled.)
         */
        phys_id = GET_APIC_ID(apic_read(APIC_ID));
        cpuid = current->processor;
        if (test_and_set_bit(cpuid, &cpu_online_map)) {
                printk("huh, phys CPU#%d, CPU#%d already present??\n",
                                        phys_id, cpuid);
                BUG();
        }
        Dprintk("CPU#%d (phys ID: %d) waiting for CALLOUT\n", cpuid, phys_id);

        /*
         * STARTUP IPIs are fragile beasts as they might sometimes
         * trigger some glue motherboard logic. Complete APIC bus
         * silence for 1 second, this overestimates the time the
         * boot CPU is spending to send the up to 2 STARTUP IPIs
         * by a factor of two. This should be enough.
         */

        /*
         * Waiting 2s total for startup (udelay is not yet working)
         */
        timeout = jiffies + 2*HZ;
        while (time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
                /*
                 * Has the boot CPU finished it's STARTUP sequence?
                 */
                if (test_bit(cpuid, &cpu_callout_map))
                        break;
                rep_nop();
        }

        if (!time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
                printk("BUG: CPU%d started up but did not get a callout!\n",
                        cpuid);
                BUG();
        }

        /*
         * the boot CPU has finished the init stage and is spinning
         * on callin_map until we finish. We are free to set up this
         * CPU, first the APIC. (this is probably redundant on most
         * boards)
         */

        Dprintk("CALLIN, before setup_local_APIC().\n");
        /*
         * Because we use NMIs rather than the INIT-STARTUP sequence to
         * bootstrap the CPUs, the APIC may be in a weird state. Kick it.
         */
        if (clustered_apic_mode)
                clear_local_APIC();
        setup_local_APIC();

        __sti();

#ifdef CONFIG_MTRR
        /*
         * Must be done before calibration delay is computed
         */
        mtrr_init_secondary_cpu ();
#endif
        /*
         * Get our bogomips.
         */
        calibrate_delay();
        Dprintk("Stack at about %p\n",&cpuid);

        /*
         * Save our processor parameters
         */
        smp_store_cpu_info(cpuid);

        /*
         * Allow the master to continue.
         */
        set_bit(cpuid, &cpu_callin_map);

        /*
         *      Synchronize the TSC with the BP
         */
        if (cpu_has_tsc)
                synchronize_tsc_ap();
}

int cpucount;

extern int cpu_idle(void);

/*
 * Activate a secondary processor.
 */
int __init start_secondary(void *unused)
{
        /*
         * Dont put anything before smp_callin(), SMP
         * booting is too fragile that we want to limit the
         * things done here to the most necessary things.
         */
        cpu_init();
        smp_callin();
        while (!atomic_read(&smp_commenced))
                rep_nop();
        /*
         * low-memory mappings have been cleared, flush them from
         * the local TLBs too.
         */
        local_flush_tlb();

        return cpu_idle();
}

/*
 * Everything has been set up for the secondary
 * CPUs - they just need to reload everything
 * from the task structure
 * This function must not return.
 */
void __init initialize_secondary(void)
{
        /*
         * We don't actually need to load the full TSS,
         * basically just the stack pointer and the eip.
         */

        asm volatile(
                "movl %0,%%esp\n\t"
                "jmp *%1"
                :
                :"r" (current->thread.esp),"r" (current->thread.eip));
}

extern struct {
        void * esp;
        unsigned short ss;
} stack_start;

static int __init fork_by_hand(void)
{
        struct pt_regs regs;
        /*
         * don't care about the eip and regs settings since
         * we'll never reschedule the forked task.
         */
        return do_fork(CLONE_VM|CLONE_PID, 0, &regs, 0);
}

/* which physical APIC ID maps to which logical CPU number */
volatile int physical_apicid_2_cpu[MAX_APICID];
/* which logical CPU number maps to which physical APIC ID */
volatile int cpu_2_physical_apicid[NR_CPUS];

/* which logical APIC ID maps to which logical CPU number */
volatile int logical_apicid_2_cpu[MAX_APICID];
/* which logical CPU number maps to which logical APIC ID */
volatile int cpu_2_logical_apicid[NR_CPUS];

static inline void init_cpu_to_apicid(void)
/* Initialize all maps between cpu number and apicids */
{
        int apicid, cpu;

        for (apicid = 0; apicid < MAX_APICID; apicid++) {
                physical_apicid_2_cpu[apicid] = BAD_APICID;
                logical_apicid_2_cpu[apicid] = BAD_APICID;
        }
        for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++) {
                cpu_2_physical_apicid[cpu] = BAD_APICID;
                cpu_2_logical_apicid[cpu] = BAD_APICID;
        }
}

static inline void map_cpu_to_boot_apicid(int cpu, int apicid)
/* 
 * set up a mapping between cpu and apicid. Uses logical apicids for multiquad,
 * else physical apic ids
 */
{
        if (clustered_apic_mode == CLUSTERED_APIC_NUMAQ) {
                logical_apicid_2_cpu[apicid] = cpu;     
                cpu_2_logical_apicid[cpu] = apicid;
        } else {
                physical_apicid_2_cpu[apicid] = cpu;    
                cpu_2_physical_apicid[cpu] = apicid;
        }
}

static inline void unmap_cpu_to_boot_apicid(int cpu, int apicid)
/* 
 * undo a mapping between cpu and apicid. Uses logical apicids for multiquad,
 * else physical apic ids
 */
{
        if (clustered_apic_mode == CLUSTERED_APIC_NUMAQ) {
                logical_apicid_2_cpu[apicid] = BAD_APICID;
                cpu_2_logical_apicid[cpu] = BAD_APICID;
        } else {
                physical_apicid_2_cpu[apicid] = BAD_APICID;
                cpu_2_physical_apicid[cpu] = BAD_APICID;
        }
}

#if APIC_DEBUG
static inline void inquire_remote_apic(int apicid)
{
        int i, regs[] = { APIC_ID >> 4, APIC_LVR >> 4, APIC_SPIV >> 4 };
        char *names[] = { "ID", "VERSION", "SPIV" };
        int timeout, status;

        printk("Inquiring remote APIC #%d...\n", apicid);

        for (i = 0; i < sizeof(regs) / sizeof(*regs); i++) {
                printk("... APIC #%d %s: ", apicid, names[i]);

                /*
                 * Wait for idle.
                 */
                apic_wait_icr_idle();

                apic_write_around(APIC_ICR2, SET_APIC_DEST_FIELD(apicid));
                apic_write_around(APIC_ICR, APIC_DM_REMRD | regs[i]);

                timeout = 0;
                do {
                        udelay(100);
                        status = apic_read(APIC_ICR) & APIC_ICR_RR_MASK;
                } while (status == APIC_ICR_RR_INPROG && timeout++ < 1000);

                switch (status) {
                case APIC_ICR_RR_VALID:
                        status = apic_read(APIC_RRR);
                        printk("%08x\n", status);
                        break;
                default:
                        printk("failed\n");
                }
        }
}
#endif

static int wakeup_secondary_via_NMI(int logical_apicid)
/* 
 * Poke the other CPU in the eye to wake it up. Remember that the normal
 * INIT, INIT, STARTUP sequence will reset the chip hard for us, and this
 * won't ... remember to clear down the APIC, etc later.
 */
{
        unsigned long send_status = 0, accept_status = 0;
        int timeout, maxlvt;

        /* Target chip */
        apic_write_around(APIC_ICR2, SET_APIC_DEST_FIELD(logical_apicid));

        /* Boot on the stack */
        /* Kick the second */
        apic_write_around(APIC_ICR, APIC_DM_NMI | APIC_DEST_LOGICAL);

        Dprintk("Waiting for send to finish...\n");
        timeout = 0;
        do {
                Dprintk("+");
                udelay(100);
                send_status = apic_read(APIC_ICR) & APIC_ICR_BUSY;
        } while (send_status && (timeout++ < 1000));

        /*
         * Give the other CPU some time to accept the IPI.
         */
        udelay(200);
        /*
         * Due to the Pentium erratum 3AP.
         */
        maxlvt = get_maxlvt();
        if (maxlvt > 3) {
                apic_read_around(APIC_SPIV);
                apic_write(APIC_ESR, 0);
        }
        accept_status = (apic_read(APIC_ESR) & 0xEF);
        Dprintk("NMI sent.\n");

        if (send_status)
                printk("APIC never delivered???\n");
        if (accept_status)
                printk("APIC delivery error (%lx).\n", accept_status);

        return (send_status | accept_status);
}

static int wakeup_secondary_via_INIT(int phys_apicid, unsigned long start_eip)
{
        unsigned long send_status = 0, accept_status = 0;
        int maxlvt, timeout, num_starts, j;

        Dprintk("Asserting INIT.\n");

        /*
         * Turn INIT on target chip
         */
        apic_write_around(APIC_ICR2, SET_APIC_DEST_FIELD(phys_apicid));

        /*
         * Send IPI
         */
        apic_write_around(APIC_ICR, APIC_INT_LEVELTRIG | APIC_INT_ASSERT
                                | APIC_DM_INIT);

        Dprintk("Waiting for send to finish...\n");
        timeout = 0;
        do {
                Dprintk("+");
                udelay(100);
                send_status = apic_read(APIC_ICR) & APIC_ICR_BUSY;
        } while (send_status && (timeout++ < 1000));

        mdelay(10);

        Dprintk("Deasserting INIT.\n");

        /* Target chip */
        apic_write_around(APIC_ICR2, SET_APIC_DEST_FIELD(phys_apicid));

        /* Send IPI */
        apic_write_around(APIC_ICR, APIC_INT_LEVELTRIG | APIC_DM_INIT);

        Dprintk("Waiting for send to finish...\n");
        timeout = 0;
        do {
                Dprintk("+");
                udelay(100);
                send_status = apic_read(APIC_ICR) & APIC_ICR_BUSY;
        } while (send_status && (timeout++ < 1000));

        atomic_set(&init_deasserted, 1);

        /*
         * Should we send STARTUP IPIs ?
         *
         * Determine this based on the APIC version.
         * If we don't have an integrated APIC, don't send the STARTUP IPIs.
         */
        if (APIC_INTEGRATED(apic_version[phys_apicid]))
                num_starts = 2;
        else
                num_starts = 0;

        /*
         * Run STARTUP IPI loop.
         */
        Dprintk("#startup loops: %d.\n", num_starts);

        maxlvt = get_maxlvt();

        for (j = 1; j <= num_starts; j++) {
                Dprintk("Sending STARTUP #%d.\n",j);
                apic_read_around(APIC_SPIV);
                apic_write(APIC_ESR, 0);
                apic_read(APIC_ESR);
                Dprintk("After apic_write.\n");

                /*
                 * STARTUP IPI
                 */

                /* Target chip */
                apic_write_around(APIC_ICR2, SET_APIC_DEST_FIELD(phys_apicid));

                /* Boot on the stack */
                /* Kick the second */
                apic_write_around(APIC_ICR, APIC_DM_STARTUP
                                        | (start_eip >> 12));

                /*
                 * Give the other CPU some time to accept the IPI.
                 */
                udelay(300);

                Dprintk("Startup point 1.\n");

                Dprintk("Waiting for send to finish...\n");
                timeout = 0;
                do {
                        Dprintk("+");
                        udelay(100);
                        send_status = apic_read(APIC_ICR) & APIC_ICR_BUSY;
                } while (send_status && (timeout++ < 1000));

                /*
                 * Give the other CPU some time to accept the IPI.
                 */
                udelay(200);
                /*
                 * Due to the Pentium erratum 3AP.
                 */
                if (maxlvt > 3) {
                        apic_read_around(APIC_SPIV);
                        apic_write(APIC_ESR, 0);
                }
                accept_status = (apic_read(APIC_ESR) & 0xEF);
                if (send_status || accept_status)
                        break;
        }
        Dprintk("After Startup.\n");

        if (send_status)
                printk("APIC never delivered???\n");
        if (accept_status)
                printk("APIC delivery error (%lx).\n", accept_status);

        return (send_status | accept_status);
}

extern unsigned long cpu_initialized;

static void __init do_boot_cpu (int apicid) 
/*
 * NOTE - on most systems this is a PHYSICAL apic ID, but on multiquad
 * (ie clustered apic addressing mode), this is a LOGICAL apic ID.
 */
{
        struct task_struct *idle;
        unsigned long boot_error = 0;
        int timeout, cpu;
        unsigned long start_eip;
        unsigned short nmi_high = 0, nmi_low = 0;

        cpu = ++cpucount;
        /*
         * We can't use kernel_thread since we must avoid to
         * reschedule the child.
         */
        if (fork_by_hand() < 0)
                panic("failed fork for CPU %d", cpu);

        /*
         * We remove it from the pidhash and the runqueue
         * once we got the process:
         */
        idle = init_task.prev_task;
        if (!idle)
                panic("No idle process for CPU %d", cpu);

        idle->processor = cpu;
        idle->cpus_runnable = 1 << cpu; /* we schedule the first task manually */

        map_cpu_to_boot_apicid(cpu, apicid);

        idle->thread.eip = (unsigned long) start_secondary;

        del_from_runqueue(idle);
        unhash_process(idle);
        init_tasks[cpu] = idle;

        /* start_eip had better be page-aligned! */
        start_eip = setup_trampoline();

        /* So we see what's up   */
        printk("Booting processor %d/%d eip %lx\n", cpu, apicid, start_eip);
        stack_start.esp = (void *) (1024 + PAGE_SIZE + (char *)idle);

        /*
         * This grunge runs the startup process for
         * the targeted processor.
         */

        atomic_set(&init_deasserted, 0);

        Dprintk("Setting warm reset code and vector.\n");

        if (clustered_apic_mode == CLUSTERED_APIC_NUMAQ) {
                /* stash the current NMI vector, so we can put things back */
                nmi_high = *((volatile unsigned short *) TRAMPOLINE_HIGH);
                nmi_low = *((volatile unsigned short *) TRAMPOLINE_LOW);
        } 

        CMOS_WRITE(0xa, 0xf);
        local_flush_tlb();
        Dprintk("1.\n");
        *((volatile unsigned short *) TRAMPOLINE_HIGH) = start_eip >> 4;
        Dprintk("2.\n");
        *((volatile unsigned short *) TRAMPOLINE_LOW) = start_eip & 0xf;
        Dprintk("3.\n");

        /*
         * Be paranoid about clearing APIC errors.
         */
        if (!clustered_apic_mode && APIC_INTEGRATED(apic_version[apicid])) {
                apic_read_around(APIC_SPIV);
                apic_write(APIC_ESR, 0);
                apic_read(APIC_ESR);
        }

        /*
         * Status is now clean
         */
        boot_error = 0;

        /*
         * Starting actual IPI sequence...
         */

        if (clustered_apic_mode == CLUSTERED_APIC_NUMAQ)
                boot_error = wakeup_secondary_via_NMI(apicid);
        else 
                boot_error = wakeup_secondary_via_INIT(apicid, start_eip);

        if (!boot_error) {
                /*
                 * allow APs to start initializing.
                 */
                Dprintk("Before Callout %d.\n", cpu);
                set_bit(cpu, &cpu_callout_map);
                Dprintk("After Callout %d.\n", cpu);

                /*
                 * Wait 5s total for a response
                 */
                for (timeout = 0; timeout < 50000; timeout++) {
                        if (test_bit(cpu, &cpu_callin_map))
                                break;  /* It has booted */
                        udelay(100);
                }

                if (test_bit(cpu, &cpu_callin_map)) {
                        /* number CPUs logically, starting from 1 (BSP is 0) */
                        Dprintk("OK.\n");
                        printk("CPU%d: ", cpu);
                        print_cpu_info(&cpu_data[cpu]);
                        Dprintk("CPU has booted.\n");
                } else {
                        boot_error= 1;
                        if (*((volatile unsigned char *)phys_to_virt(8192))
                                        == 0xA5)
                                /* trampoline started but...? */
                                printk("Stuck ??\n");
                        else
                                /* trampoline code not run */
                                printk("Not responding.\n");
#if APIC_DEBUG
                        if (!clustered_apic_mode)
                                inquire_remote_apic(apicid);
#endif
                }
        }
        if (boot_error) {
                /* Try to put things back the way they were before ... */
                unmap_cpu_to_boot_apicid(cpu, apicid);
                clear_bit(cpu, &cpu_callout_map); /* was set here (do_boot_cpu()) */
                clear_bit(cpu, &cpu_initialized); /* was set by cpu_init() */
                clear_bit(cpu, &cpu_online_map);  /* was set in smp_callin() */
                cpucount--;
        }

        /* mark "stuck" area as not stuck */
        *((volatile unsigned long *)phys_to_virt(8192)) = 0;

        if(clustered_apic_mode == CLUSTERED_APIC_NUMAQ) {
                printk("Restoring NMI vector\n");
                *((volatile unsigned short *) TRAMPOLINE_HIGH) = nmi_high;
                *((volatile unsigned short *) TRAMPOLINE_LOW) = nmi_low;
        }
}

cycles_t cacheflush_time;

static void smp_tune_scheduling (void)
{
        unsigned long cachesize;       /* kB   */
        unsigned long bandwidth = 350; /* MB/s */
        /*
         * Rough estimation for SMP scheduling, this is the number of
         * cycles it takes for a fully memory-limited process to flush
         * the SMP-local cache.
         *
         * (For a P5 this pretty much means we will choose another idle
         *  CPU almost always at wakeup time (this is due to the small
         *  L1 cache), on PIIs it's around 50-100 usecs, depending on
         *  the cache size)
         */

        if (!cpu_khz) {
                /*
                 * this basically disables processor-affinity
                 * scheduling on SMP without a TSC.
                 */
                cacheflush_time = 0;
                return;
        } else {
                cachesize = boot_cpu_data.x86_cache_size;
                if (cachesize == -1) {
                        cachesize = 16; /* Pentiums, 2x8kB cache */
                        bandwidth = 100;
                }

                cacheflush_time = (cpu_khz>>10) * (cachesize<<10) / bandwidth;
        }

        printk("per-CPU timeslice cutoff: %ld.%02ld usecs.\n",
                (long)cacheflush_time/(cpu_khz/1000),
                ((long)cacheflush_time*100/(cpu_khz/1000)) % 100);
}

/*
 * Cycle through the processors sending APIC IPIs to boot each.
 */

extern int prof_multiplier[NR_CPUS];
extern int prof_old_multiplier[NR_CPUS];
extern int prof_counter[NR_CPUS];

static int boot_cpu_logical_apicid;
/* Where the IO area was mapped on multiquad, always 0 otherwise */
void *xquad_portio;

int cpu_sibling_map[NR_CPUS] __cacheline_aligned;

void __init smp_boot_cpus(void)
{
        int apicid, cpu, bit;

        if ((clustered_apic_mode == CLUSTERED_APIC_NUMAQ) && (numnodes > 1)) {
                printk("Remapping cross-quad port I/O for %d quads\n",
                        numnodes);
                printk("xquad_portio vaddr 0x%08lx, len %08lx\n",
                        (u_long) xquad_portio, 
                        (u_long) numnodes * XQUAD_PORTIO_LEN);
                xquad_portio = ioremap (XQUAD_PORTIO_BASE, 
                        numnodes * XQUAD_PORTIO_LEN);
        }

#ifdef CONFIG_MTRR
        /*  Must be done before other processors booted  */
        mtrr_init_boot_cpu ();
#endif
        /*
         * Initialize the logical to physical CPU number mapping
         * and the per-CPU profiling counter/multiplier

         */

        for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++) {
                prof_counter[cpu] = 1;
                prof_old_multiplier[cpu] = 1;
                prof_multiplier[cpu] = 1;
        }

        init_cpu_to_apicid();

        /*
         * Setup boot CPU information
         */
        smp_store_cpu_info(0); /* Final full version of the data */
        printk("CPU%d: ", 0);
        print_cpu_info(&cpu_data[0]);

        /*
         * We have the boot CPU online for sure.
         */
        set_bit(0, &cpu_online_map);
        if (clustered_apic_mode == CLUSTERED_APIC_XAPIC)
                boot_cpu_logical_apicid = physical_to_logical_apicid(boot_cpu_physical_apicid);
        else
                boot_cpu_logical_apicid = logical_smp_processor_id();
        map_cpu_to_boot_apicid(0, boot_cpu_apicid);

        global_irq_holder = 0;
        current->processor = 0;
        init_idle();
        smp_tune_scheduling();

        /*
         * If we couldnt find an SMP configuration at boot time,
         * get out of here now!
         */
        if (!smp_found_config) {
                printk(KERN_NOTICE "SMP motherboard not detected.\n");
#ifndef CONFIG_VISWS
                io_apic_irqs = 0;
#endif
                cpu_online_map = phys_cpu_present_map = 1;
                smp_num_cpus = 1;
                if (APIC_init_uniprocessor())
                        printk(KERN_NOTICE "Local APIC not detected."
                                           " Using dummy APIC emulation.\n");
                goto smp_done;
        }

        /*
         * Should not be necessary because the MP table should list the boot
         * CPU too, but we do it for the sake of robustness anyway.
         * Makes no sense to do this check in clustered apic mode, so skip it
         */
        if (!clustered_apic_mode && 
            !test_bit(boot_cpu_physical_apicid, &phys_cpu_present_map)) {
                printk("weird, boot CPU (#%d) not listed by the BIOS.\n",
                                                        boot_cpu_physical_apicid);
                phys_cpu_present_map |= (1 << hard_smp_processor_id());
        }

        /*
         * If we couldn't find a local APIC, then get out of here now!
         */
        if (APIC_INTEGRATED(apic_version[boot_cpu_physical_apicid]) &&
            !test_bit(X86_FEATURE_APIC, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability)) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "BIOS bug, local APIC #%d not detected!...\n",
                        boot_cpu_physical_apicid);
                printk(KERN_ERR "... forcing use of dummy APIC emulation. (tell your hw vendor)\n");
#ifndef CONFIG_VISWS
                io_apic_irqs = 0;
#endif
                cpu_online_map = phys_cpu_present_map = 1;
                smp_num_cpus = 1;
                goto smp_done;
        }

        verify_local_APIC();

        /*
         * If SMP should be disabled, then really disable it!
         */
        if (!max_cpus) {
                smp_found_config = 0;
                printk(KERN_INFO "SMP mode deactivated, forcing use of dummy APIC emulation.\n");
#ifndef CONFIG_VISWS
                io_apic_irqs = 0;
#endif
                cpu_online_map = phys_cpu_present_map = 1;
                smp_num_cpus = 1;
                goto smp_done;
        }

        connect_bsp_APIC();
        setup_local_APIC();

        if (GET_APIC_ID(apic_read(APIC_ID)) != boot_cpu_physical_apicid)
                BUG();

        /*
         * Scan the CPU present map and fire up the other CPUs via do_boot_cpu
         *
         * In clustered apic mode, phys_cpu_present_map is a constructed thus:
         * bits 0-3 are quad0, 4-7 are quad1, etc. A perverse twist on the 
         * clustered apic ID.
         */
        Dprintk("CPU present map: %lx\n", phys_cpu_present_map);

        for (bit = 0; bit < NR_CPUS; bit++) {
                apicid = cpu_present_to_apicid(bit);
                /*
                 * Don't even attempt to start the boot CPU!
                 */
                if (apicid == boot_cpu_apicid)
                        continue;

                if (!(phys_cpu_present_map & (1ul << bit)))
                        continue;
                if ((max_cpus >= 0) && (max_cpus <= cpucount+1))
                        continue;

                do_boot_cpu(apicid);

                /*
                 * Make sure we unmap all failed CPUs
                 */
                if ((boot_apicid_to_cpu(apicid) == -1) &&
                                (phys_cpu_present_map & (1ul << bit)))
                        printk("CPU #%d/0x%02x not responding - cannot use it.\n",
                                                                bit, apicid);
        }

        /*
         * Cleanup possible dangling ends...
         */
#ifndef CONFIG_VISWS
        {
                /*
                 * Install writable page 0 entry to set BIOS data area.
                 */
                local_flush_tlb();

                /*
                 * Paranoid:  Set warm reset code and vector here back
                 * to default values.
                 */
                CMOS_WRITE(0, 0xf);

                *((volatile long *) phys_to_virt(0x467)) = 0;
        }
#endif

        /*
         * Allow the user to impress friends.
         */

        Dprintk("Before bogomips.\n");
        if (!cpucount) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "Error: only one processor found.\n");
        } else {
                unsigned long bogosum = 0;
                for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++)
                        if (cpu_online_map & (1<<cpu))
                                bogosum += cpu_data[cpu].loops_per_jiffy;
                printk(KERN_INFO "Total of %d processors activated (%lu.%02lu BogoMIPS).\n",
                        cpucount+1,
                        bogosum/(500000/HZ),
                        (bogosum/(5000/HZ))%100);
                Dprintk("Before bogocount - setting activated=1.\n");
        }
        smp_num_cpus = cpucount + 1;

        if (smp_b_stepping)
                printk(KERN_WARNING "WARNING: SMP operation may be unreliable with B stepping processors.\n");
        Dprintk("Boot done.\n");

        /*
         * If Hyper-Threading is avaialble, construct cpu_sibling_map[], so
         * that we can tell the sibling CPU efficiently.
         */
        if (test_bit(X86_FEATURE_HT, boot_cpu_data.x86_capability)
            && smp_num_siblings > 1) {
                for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++)
                        cpu_sibling_map[cpu] = NO_PROC_ID;
                
                for (cpu = 0; cpu < smp_num_cpus; cpu++) {
                        int     i;
                        
                        for (i = 0; i < smp_num_cpus; i++) {
                                if (i == cpu)
                                        continue;
                                if (phys_proc_id[cpu] == phys_proc_id[i]) {
                                        cpu_sibling_map[cpu] = i;
                                        printk("cpu_sibling_map[%d] = %d\n", cpu, cpu_sibling_map[cpu]);
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        if (cpu_sibling_map[cpu] == NO_PROC_ID) {
                                smp_num_siblings = 1;
                                printk(KERN_WARNING "WARNING: No sibling found for CPU %d.\n", cpu);
                        }
                }
        }
             
#ifndef CONFIG_VISWS
        /*
         * Here we can be sure that there is an IO-APIC in the system. Let's
         * go and set it up:
         */
        if (!skip_ioapic_setup && nr_ioapics)
                setup_IO_APIC();
#endif

        /*
         * Set up all local APIC timers in the system:
         */
        setup_APIC_clocks();

        /*
         * Synchronize the TSC with the AP
         */
        if (cpu_has_tsc && cpucount)
                synchronize_tsc_bp();

smp_done:
        zap_low_mappings();
}