linux/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
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   1/*
   2 *
   3 *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   4 *
   5 *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
   6 */
   7
   8#include <linux/module.h>
   9#include <linux/signal.h>
  10#include <linux/sched.h>
  11#include <linux/kernel.h>
  12#include <linux/errno.h>
  13#include <linux/string.h>
  14#include <linux/types.h>
  15#include <linux/ptrace.h>
  16#include <linux/mman.h>
  17#include <linux/mm.h>
  18#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
  19#include <linux/swap.h>
  20#include <linux/smp.h>
  21#include <linux/init.h>
  22#include <linux/highmem.h>
  23#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  24#include <linux/pci.h>
  25#include <linux/pfn.h>
  26#include <linux/poison.h>
  27#include <linux/bootmem.h>
  28#include <linux/memblock.h>
  29#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  30#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
  31#include <linux/initrd.h>
  32#include <linux/cpumask.h>
  33#include <linux/gfp.h>
  34
  35#include <asm/asm.h>
  36#include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
  37#include <asm/processor.h>
  38#include <asm/system.h>
  39#include <asm/uaccess.h>
  40#include <asm/pgtable.h>
  41#include <asm/dma.h>
  42#include <asm/fixmap.h>
  43#include <asm/e820.h>
  44#include <asm/apic.h>
  45#include <asm/bugs.h>
  46#include <asm/tlb.h>
  47#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  48#include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
  49#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  50#include <asm/sections.h>
  51#include <asm/paravirt.h>
  52#include <asm/setup.h>
  53#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  54#include <asm/page_types.h>
  55#include <asm/init.h>
  56
  57unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
  58
  59static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void);
  60
  61bool __read_mostly __vmalloc_start_set = false;
  62
  63static __init void *alloc_low_page(void)
  64{
  65        unsigned long pfn = pgt_buf_end++;
  66        void *adr;
  67
  68        if (pfn >= pgt_buf_top)
  69                panic("alloc_low_page: ran out of memory");
  70
  71        adr = __va(pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
  72        clear_page(adr);
  73        return adr;
  74}
  75
  76/*
  77 * Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
  78 * given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
  79 * in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
  80 */
  81static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
  82{
  83        pud_t *pud;
  84        pmd_t *pmd_table;
  85
  86#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
  87        if (!(pgd_val(*pgd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
  88                if (after_bootmem)
  89                        pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
  90                else
  91                        pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_low_page();
  92                paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  93                set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
  94                pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  95                BUG_ON(pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0));
  96
  97                return pmd_table;
  98        }
  99#endif
 100        pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
 101        pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
 102
 103        return pmd_table;
 104}
 105
 106/*
 107 * Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
 108 * directory entry:
 109 */
 110static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
 111{
 112        if (!(pmd_val(*pmd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
 113                pte_t *page_table = NULL;
 114
 115                if (after_bootmem) {
 116#if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC) || defined(CONFIG_KMEMCHECK)
 117                        page_table = (pte_t *) alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
 118#endif
 119                        if (!page_table)
 120                                page_table =
 121                                (pte_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
 122                } else
 123                        page_table = (pte_t *)alloc_low_page();
 124
 125                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 126                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
 127                BUG_ON(page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 128        }
 129
 130        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
 131}
 132
 133pmd_t * __init populate_extra_pmd(unsigned long vaddr)
 134{
 135        int pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 136        int pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 137
 138        return one_md_table_init(swapper_pg_dir + pgd_idx) + pmd_idx;
 139}
 140
 141pte_t * __init populate_extra_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 142{
 143        int pte_idx = pte_index(vaddr);
 144        pmd_t *pmd;
 145
 146        pmd = populate_extra_pmd(vaddr);
 147        return one_page_table_init(pmd) + pte_idx;
 148}
 149
 150static pte_t *__init page_table_kmap_check(pte_t *pte, pmd_t *pmd,
 151                                           unsigned long vaddr, pte_t *lastpte)
 152{
 153#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 154        /*
 155         * Something (early fixmap) may already have put a pte
 156         * page here, which causes the page table allocation
 157         * to become nonlinear. Attempt to fix it, and if it
 158         * is still nonlinear then we have to bug.
 159         */
 160        int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 161        int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 162
 163        if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin != pmd_idx_kmap_end
 164            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin
 165            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end
 166            && ((__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) < pgt_buf_start
 167                || (__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) >= pgt_buf_end)) {
 168                pte_t *newpte;
 169                int i;
 170
 171                BUG_ON(after_bootmem);
 172                newpte = alloc_low_page();
 173                for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
 174                        set_pte(newpte + i, pte[i]);
 175
 176                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(newpte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 177                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(newpte)|_PAGE_TABLE));
 178                BUG_ON(newpte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 179                __flush_tlb_all();
 180
 181                paravirt_release_pte(__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 182                pte = newpte;
 183        }
 184        BUG_ON(vaddr < fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN - 1)
 185               && vaddr > fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END)
 186               && lastpte && lastpte + PTRS_PER_PTE != pte);
 187#endif
 188        return pte;
 189}
 190
 191/*
 192 * This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
 193 * with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
 194 * the given range.
 195 *
 196 * NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
 197 * so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
 198 * checking the pgd every time.
 199 */
 200static void __init
 201page_table_range_init(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
 202{
 203        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
 204        unsigned long vaddr;
 205        pgd_t *pgd;
 206        pmd_t *pmd;
 207        pte_t *pte = NULL;
 208
 209        vaddr = start;
 210        pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 211        pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 212        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 213
 214        for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 215                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 216                pmd = pmd + pmd_index(vaddr);
 217                for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
 218                                                        pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 219                        pte = page_table_kmap_check(one_page_table_init(pmd),
 220                                                    pmd, vaddr, pte);
 221
 222                        vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
 223                }
 224                pmd_idx = 0;
 225        }
 226}
 227
 228static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
 229{
 230        if (addr >= (unsigned long)_text && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
 231                return 1;
 232        return 0;
 233}
 234
 235/*
 236 * This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
 237 * of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
 238 * PAGE_OFFSET:
 239 */
 240unsigned long __init
 241kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
 242                             unsigned long end,
 243                             unsigned long page_size_mask)
 244{
 245        int use_pse = page_size_mask == (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M);
 246        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 247        unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
 248        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 249        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
 250        unsigned long pfn;
 251        pgd_t *pgd;
 252        pmd_t *pmd;
 253        pte_t *pte;
 254        unsigned pages_2m, pages_4k;
 255        int mapping_iter;
 256
 257        start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 258        end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 259
 260        /*
 261         * First iteration will setup identity mapping using large/small pages
 262         * based on use_pse, with other attributes same as set by
 263         * the early code in head_32.S
 264         *
 265         * Second iteration will setup the appropriate attributes (NX, GLOBAL..)
 266         * as desired for the kernel identity mapping.
 267         *
 268         * This two pass mechanism conforms to the TLB app note which says:
 269         *
 270         *     "Software should not write to a paging-structure entry in a way
 271         *      that would change, for any linear address, both the page size
 272         *      and either the page frame or attributes."
 273         */
 274        mapping_iter = 1;
 275
 276        if (!cpu_has_pse)
 277                use_pse = 0;
 278
 279repeat:
 280        pages_2m = pages_4k = 0;
 281        pfn = start_pfn;
 282        pgd_idx = pgd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 283        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 284        for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 285                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 286
 287                if (pfn >= end_pfn)
 288                        continue;
 289#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
 290                pmd_idx = pmd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 291                pmd += pmd_idx;
 292#else
 293                pmd_idx = 0;
 294#endif
 295                for (; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < end_pfn;
 296                     pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 297                        unsigned int addr = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
 298
 299                        /*
 300                         * Map with big pages if possible, otherwise
 301                         * create normal page tables:
 302                         */
 303                        if (use_pse) {
 304                                unsigned int addr2;
 305                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE;
 306                                /*
 307                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 308                                 * identity mapping attribute + _PAGE_PSE.
 309                                 */
 310                                pgprot_t init_prot =
 311                                        __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR |
 312                                                 _PAGE_PSE);
 313
 314                                addr2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE-1) * PAGE_SIZE +
 315                                        PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
 316
 317                                if (is_kernel_text(addr) ||
 318                                    is_kernel_text(addr2))
 319                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC;
 320
 321                                pages_2m++;
 322                                if (mapping_iter == 1)
 323                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, init_prot));
 324                                else
 325                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, prot));
 326
 327                                pfn += PTRS_PER_PTE;
 328                                continue;
 329                        }
 330                        pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
 331
 332                        pte_ofs = pte_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 333                        pte += pte_ofs;
 334                        for (; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < end_pfn;
 335                             pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 336                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 337                                /*
 338                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 339                                 * identity mapping attribute.
 340                                 */
 341                                pgprot_t init_prot = __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR);
 342
 343                                if (is_kernel_text(addr))
 344                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
 345
 346                                pages_4k++;
 347                                if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 348                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, init_prot));
 349                                        last_map_addr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_SIZE;
 350                                } else
 351                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
 352                        }
 353                }
 354        }
 355        if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 356                /*
 357                 * update direct mapping page count only in the first
 358                 * iteration.
 359                 */
 360                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages_2m);
 361                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages_4k);
 362
 363                /*
 364                 * local global flush tlb, which will flush the previous
 365                 * mappings present in both small and large page TLB's.
 366                 */
 367                __flush_tlb_all();
 368
 369                /*
 370                 * Second iteration will set the actual desired PTE attributes.
 371                 */
 372                mapping_iter = 2;
 373                goto repeat;
 374        }
 375        return last_map_addr;
 376}
 377
 378pte_t *kmap_pte;
 379pgprot_t kmap_prot;
 380
 381static inline pte_t *kmap_get_fixmap_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 382{
 383        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
 384                        vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
 385}
 386
 387static void __init kmap_init(void)
 388{
 389        unsigned long kmap_vstart;
 390
 391        /*
 392         * Cache the first kmap pte:
 393         */
 394        kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
 395        kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
 396
 397        kmap_prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 398}
 399
 400#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 401static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 402{
 403        unsigned long vaddr;
 404        pgd_t *pgd;
 405        pud_t *pud;
 406        pmd_t *pmd;
 407        pte_t *pte;
 408
 409        vaddr = PKMAP_BASE;
 410        page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
 411
 412        pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
 413        pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
 414        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
 415        pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
 416        pkmap_page_table = pte;
 417}
 418
 419static void __init add_one_highpage_init(struct page *page)
 420{
 421        ClearPageReserved(page);
 422        init_page_count(page);
 423        __free_page(page);
 424        totalhigh_pages++;
 425}
 426
 427void __init add_highpages_with_active_regions(int nid,
 428                         unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
 429{
 430        phys_addr_t start, end;
 431        u64 i;
 432
 433        for_each_free_mem_range(i, nid, &start, &end, NULL) {
 434                unsigned long pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_UP(start),
 435                                            start_pfn, end_pfn);
 436                unsigned long e_pfn = clamp_t(unsigned long, PFN_DOWN(end),
 437                                              start_pfn, end_pfn);
 438                for ( ; pfn < e_pfn; pfn++)
 439                        if (pfn_valid(pfn))
 440                                add_one_highpage_init(pfn_to_page(pfn));
 441        }
 442}
 443#else
 444static inline void permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 445{
 446}
 447#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 448
 449void __init native_pagetable_setup_start(pgd_t *base)
 450{
 451        unsigned long pfn, va;
 452        pgd_t *pgd;
 453        pud_t *pud;
 454        pmd_t *pmd;
 455        pte_t *pte;
 456
 457        /*
 458         * Remove any mappings which extend past the end of physical
 459         * memory from the boot time page table:
 460         */
 461        for (pfn = max_low_pfn + 1; pfn < 1<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
 462                va = PAGE_OFFSET + (pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 463                pgd = base + pgd_index(va);
 464                if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
 465                        break;
 466
 467                pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
 468                pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
 469                if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
 470                        break;
 471
 472                pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, va);
 473                if (!pte_present(*pte))
 474                        break;
 475
 476                pte_clear(NULL, va, pte);
 477        }
 478        paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(base) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 479}
 480
 481void __init native_pagetable_setup_done(pgd_t *base)
 482{
 483}
 484
 485/*
 486 * Build a proper pagetable for the kernel mappings.  Up until this
 487 * point, we've been running on some set of pagetables constructed by
 488 * the boot process.
 489 *
 490 * If we're booting on native hardware, this will be a pagetable
 491 * constructed in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S.  The root of the
 492 * pagetable will be swapper_pg_dir.
 493 *
 494 * If we're booting paravirtualized under a hypervisor, then there are
 495 * more options: we may already be running PAE, and the pagetable may
 496 * or may not be based in swapper_pg_dir.  In any case,
 497 * paravirt_pagetable_setup_start() will set up swapper_pg_dir
 498 * appropriately for the rest of the initialization to work.
 499 *
 500 * In general, pagetable_init() assumes that the pagetable may already
 501 * be partially populated, and so it avoids stomping on any existing
 502 * mappings.
 503 */
 504void __init early_ioremap_page_table_range_init(void)
 505{
 506        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 507        unsigned long vaddr, end;
 508
 509        /*
 510         * Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
 511         * created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
 512         */
 513        vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 514        end = (FIXADDR_TOP + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 515        page_table_range_init(vaddr, end, pgd_base);
 516        early_ioremap_reset();
 517}
 518
 519static void __init pagetable_init(void)
 520{
 521        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 522
 523        permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
 524}
 525
 526pteval_t __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~(_PAGE_NX | _PAGE_GLOBAL | _PAGE_IOMAP);
 527EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__supported_pte_mask);
 528
 529/* user-defined highmem size */
 530static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
 531
 532/*
 533 * highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
 534 * This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
 535 * This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
 536 */
 537static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
 538{
 539        if (!arg)
 540                return -EINVAL;
 541
 542        highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 543        return 0;
 544}
 545early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
 546
 547#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG \
 548        "highmem size (%luMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!\n"
 549
 550#define MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 551        "highmem size (%luMB) results in <64MB lowmem, ignoring it!\n"
 552/*
 553 * All of RAM fits into lowmem - but if user wants highmem
 554 * artificially via the highmem=x boot parameter then create
 555 * it:
 556 */
 557void __init lowmem_pfn_init(void)
 558{
 559        /* max_low_pfn is 0, we already have early_res support */
 560        max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
 561
 562        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 563                highmem_pages = 0;
 564#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 565        if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
 566                printk(KERN_ERR MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG,
 567                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
 568                highmem_pages = 0;
 569        }
 570        if (highmem_pages) {
 571                if (max_low_pfn - highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE) {
 572                        printk(KERN_ERR MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 573                                pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 574                        highmem_pages = 0;
 575                }
 576                max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
 577        }
 578#else
 579        if (highmem_pages)
 580                printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
 581#endif
 582}
 583
 584#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 585        "only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %luMB!\n"
 586
 587#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED \
 588        "Warning: only 4GB will be used. Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel!\n"
 589/*
 590 * We have more RAM than fits into lowmem - we try to put it into
 591 * highmem, also taking the highmem=x boot parameter into account:
 592 */
 593void __init highmem_pfn_init(void)
 594{
 595        max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 596
 597        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 598                highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
 599
 600        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
 601                max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
 602
 603        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
 604                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 605                        pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN),
 606                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 607                highmem_pages = 0;
 608        }
 609#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 610        /* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
 611        printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n", MAXMEM>>20);
 612        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
 613                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
 614        else
 615                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
 616        max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 617#else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 618#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
 619        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
 620                max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
 621                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED);
 622        }
 623#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
 624#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 625}
 626
 627/*
 628 * Determine low and high memory ranges:
 629 */
 630void __init find_low_pfn_range(void)
 631{
 632        /* it could update max_pfn */
 633
 634        if (max_pfn <= MAXMEM_PFN)
 635                lowmem_pfn_init();
 636        else
 637                highmem_pfn_init();
 638}
 639
 640#ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 641void __init initmem_init(void)
 642{
 643#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 644        highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
 645        if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn)
 646                highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
 647        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
 648                pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
 649        num_physpages = highend_pfn;
 650        high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 651#else
 652        num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
 653        high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 654#endif
 655
 656        memblock_set_node(0, (phys_addr_t)ULLONG_MAX, 0);
 657        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
 658
 659#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 660        max_mapnr = num_physpages;
 661#endif
 662        __vmalloc_start_set = true;
 663
 664        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
 665                        pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
 666
 667        setup_bootmem_allocator();
 668}
 669#endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
 670
 671void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
 672{
 673        printk(KERN_INFO "  mapped low ram: 0 - %08lx\n",
 674                 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 675        printk(KERN_INFO "  low ram: 0 - %08lx\n", max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 676
 677        after_bootmem = 1;
 678}
 679
 680/*
 681 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
 682 * already mapped by head.S.
 683 *
 684 * This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
 685 * that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
 686 */
 687void __init paging_init(void)
 688{
 689        pagetable_init();
 690
 691        __flush_tlb_all();
 692
 693        kmap_init();
 694
 695        /*
 696         * NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
 697         */
 698        olpc_dt_build_devicetree();
 699        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(MAX_NUMNODES);
 700        sparse_init();
 701        zone_sizes_init();
 702}
 703
 704/*
 705 * Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
 706 * and also on some strange 486's. All 586+'s are OK. This used to involve
 707 * black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs, but fortunately the
 708 * switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
 709 */
 710static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
 711{
 712        printk(KERN_INFO
 713  "Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...");
 714
 715        /* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
 716        __set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_READONLY);
 717        boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
 718        clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
 719
 720        if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
 721                printk(KERN_CONT "No.\n");
 722#ifdef CONFIG_X86_WP_WORKS_OK
 723                panic(
 724  "This kernel doesn't support CPU's with broken WP. Recompile it for a 386!");
 725#endif
 726        } else {
 727                printk(KERN_CONT "Ok.\n");
 728        }
 729}
 730
 731void __init mem_init(void)
 732{
 733        int codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize;
 734        int tmp;
 735
 736        pci_iommu_alloc();
 737
 738#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 739        BUG_ON(!mem_map);
 740#endif
 741        /*
 742         * With CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC initialization of highmem pages has to
 743         * be done before free_all_bootmem(). Memblock use free low memory for
 744         * temporary data (see find_range_array()) and for this purpose can use
 745         * pages that was already passed to the buddy allocator, hence marked as
 746         * not accessible in the page tables when compiled with
 747         * CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC. Otherwise order of initialization is not
 748         * important here.
 749         */
 750        set_highmem_pages_init();
 751
 752        /* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
 753        totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
 754
 755        reservedpages = 0;
 756        for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++)
 757                /*
 758                 * Only count reserved RAM pages:
 759                 */
 760                if (page_is_ram(tmp) && PageReserved(pfn_to_page(tmp)))
 761                        reservedpages++;
 762
 763        codesize =  (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
 764        datasize =  (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_etext;
 765        initsize =  (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
 766
 767        printk(KERN_INFO "Memory: %luk/%luk available (%dk kernel code, "
 768                        "%dk reserved, %dk data, %dk init, %ldk highmem)\n",
 769                nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 770                num_physpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 771                codesize >> 10,
 772                reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 773                datasize >> 10,
 774                initsize >> 10,
 775                totalhigh_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10));
 776
 777        printk(KERN_INFO "virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
 778                "    fixmap  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 779#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 780                "    pkmap   : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 781#endif
 782                "    vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 783                "    lowmem  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 784                "      .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 785                "      .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 786                "      .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n",
 787                FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
 788                (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
 789
 790#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 791                PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
 792                (LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
 793#endif
 794
 795                VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
 796                (VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
 797
 798                (unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
 799                ((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
 800
 801                (unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
 802                ((unsigned long)&__init_end -
 803                 (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
 804
 805                (unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
 806                ((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
 807
 808                (unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
 809                ((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
 810
 811        /*
 812         * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
 813         * be detected at build time already.
 814         */
 815#define __FIXADDR_TOP (-PAGE_SIZE)
 816#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 817        BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE  > FIXADDR_START);
 818        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                        > PKMAP_BASE);
 819#endif
 820#define high_memory (-128UL << 20)
 821        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                      >= VMALLOC_END);
 822#undef high_memory
 823#undef __FIXADDR_TOP
 824
 825#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 826        BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE        > FIXADDR_START);
 827        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                              > PKMAP_BASE);
 828#endif
 829        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                            >= VMALLOC_END);
 830        BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory               > VMALLOC_START);
 831
 832        if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
 833                test_wp_bit();
 834}
 835
 836#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 837int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
 838{
 839        struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
 840        struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones + ZONE_HIGHMEM;
 841        unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 842        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 843
 844        return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 845}
 846#endif
 847
 848/*
 849 * This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
 850 * section.  Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
 851 */
 852static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void)
 853{
 854        char tmp_reg;
 855        int flag;
 856
 857        __asm__ __volatile__(
 858                "       movb %0, %1     \n"
 859                "1:     movb %1, %0     \n"
 860                "       xorl %2, %2     \n"
 861                "2:                     \n"
 862                _ASM_EXTABLE(1b,2b)
 863                :"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
 864                 "=q" (tmp_reg),
 865                 "=r" (flag)
 866                :"2" (1)
 867                :"memory");
 868
 869        return flag;
 870}
 871
 872#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
 873const int rodata_test_data = 0xC3;
 874EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rodata_test_data);
 875
 876int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
 877
 878void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
 879{
 880        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 881        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 882
 883        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 884                return;
 885
 886        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read write\n",
 887                 start, start+size);
 888
 889        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 890}
 891
 892void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
 893{
 894        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 895        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 896
 897        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
 898                return;
 899
 900        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read only\n",
 901                 start, start+size);
 902
 903        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 904}
 905
 906static void mark_nxdata_nx(void)
 907{
 908        /*
 909         * When this called, init has already been executed and released,
 910         * so everything past _etext should be NX.
 911         */
 912        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_etext);
 913        /*
 914         * This comes from is_kernel_text upper limit. Also HPAGE where used:
 915         */
 916        unsigned long size = (((unsigned long)__init_end + HPAGE_SIZE) & HPAGE_MASK) - start;
 917
 918        if (__supported_pte_mask & _PAGE_NX)
 919                printk(KERN_INFO "NX-protecting the kernel data: %luk\n", size >> 10);
 920        set_pages_nx(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 921}
 922
 923void mark_rodata_ro(void)
 924{
 925        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
 926        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
 927
 928        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 929        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n",
 930                size >> 10);
 931
 932        kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
 933
 934#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 935        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: Reverting %lx-%lx\n",
 936                start, start+size);
 937        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 938
 939        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 940        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
 941#endif
 942
 943        start += size;
 944        size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
 945        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 946        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
 947                size >> 10);
 948        rodata_test();
 949
 950#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 951        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, start + size);
 952        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 953
 954        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
 955        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 956#endif
 957        mark_nxdata_nx();
 958}
 959#endif
 960
 961
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