linux/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c
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   1/*
   2 *
   3 *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   4 *
   5 *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
   6 */
   7
   8#include <linux/module.h>
   9#include <linux/signal.h>
  10#include <linux/sched.h>
  11#include <linux/kernel.h>
  12#include <linux/errno.h>
  13#include <linux/string.h>
  14#include <linux/types.h>
  15#include <linux/ptrace.h>
  16#include <linux/mman.h>
  17#include <linux/mm.h>
  18#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
  19#include <linux/swap.h>
  20#include <linux/smp.h>
  21#include <linux/init.h>
  22#include <linux/highmem.h>
  23#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  24#include <linux/pci.h>
  25#include <linux/pfn.h>
  26#include <linux/poison.h>
  27#include <linux/bootmem.h>
  28#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  29#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
  30#include <linux/initrd.h>
  31#include <linux/cpumask.h>
  32#include <linux/gfp.h>
  33
  34#include <asm/asm.h>
  35#include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
  36#include <asm/processor.h>
  37#include <asm/system.h>
  38#include <asm/uaccess.h>
  39#include <asm/pgtable.h>
  40#include <asm/dma.h>
  41#include <asm/fixmap.h>
  42#include <asm/e820.h>
  43#include <asm/apic.h>
  44#include <asm/bugs.h>
  45#include <asm/tlb.h>
  46#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  47#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  48#include <asm/sections.h>
  49#include <asm/paravirt.h>
  50#include <asm/setup.h>
  51#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  52#include <asm/page_types.h>
  53#include <asm/init.h>
  54
  55unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
  56
  57static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void);
  58
  59bool __read_mostly __vmalloc_start_set = false;
  60
  61static __init void *alloc_low_page(void)
  62{
  63        unsigned long pfn = e820_table_end++;
  64        void *adr;
  65
  66        if (pfn >= e820_table_top)
  67                panic("alloc_low_page: ran out of memory");
  68
  69        adr = __va(pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
  70        memset(adr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
  71        return adr;
  72}
  73
  74/*
  75 * Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
  76 * given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
  77 * in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
  78 */
  79static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
  80{
  81        pud_t *pud;
  82        pmd_t *pmd_table;
  83
  84#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
  85        if (!(pgd_val(*pgd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
  86                if (after_bootmem)
  87                        pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
  88                else
  89                        pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_low_page();
  90                paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  91                set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
  92                pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  93                BUG_ON(pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0));
  94
  95                return pmd_table;
  96        }
  97#endif
  98        pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
  99        pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
 100
 101        return pmd_table;
 102}
 103
 104/*
 105 * Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
 106 * directory entry:
 107 */
 108static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
 109{
 110        if (!(pmd_val(*pmd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
 111                pte_t *page_table = NULL;
 112
 113                if (after_bootmem) {
 114#if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC) || defined(CONFIG_KMEMCHECK)
 115                        page_table = (pte_t *) alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
 116#endif
 117                        if (!page_table)
 118                                page_table =
 119                                (pte_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
 120                } else
 121                        page_table = (pte_t *)alloc_low_page();
 122
 123                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 124                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
 125                BUG_ON(page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 126        }
 127
 128        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
 129}
 130
 131pmd_t * __init populate_extra_pmd(unsigned long vaddr)
 132{
 133        int pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 134        int pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 135
 136        return one_md_table_init(swapper_pg_dir + pgd_idx) + pmd_idx;
 137}
 138
 139pte_t * __init populate_extra_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 140{
 141        int pte_idx = pte_index(vaddr);
 142        pmd_t *pmd;
 143
 144        pmd = populate_extra_pmd(vaddr);
 145        return one_page_table_init(pmd) + pte_idx;
 146}
 147
 148static pte_t *__init page_table_kmap_check(pte_t *pte, pmd_t *pmd,
 149                                           unsigned long vaddr, pte_t *lastpte)
 150{
 151#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 152        /*
 153         * Something (early fixmap) may already have put a pte
 154         * page here, which causes the page table allocation
 155         * to become nonlinear. Attempt to fix it, and if it
 156         * is still nonlinear then we have to bug.
 157         */
 158        int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 159        int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 160
 161        if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin != pmd_idx_kmap_end
 162            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin
 163            && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end
 164            && ((__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) < e820_table_start
 165                || (__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) >= e820_table_end)) {
 166                pte_t *newpte;
 167                int i;
 168
 169                BUG_ON(after_bootmem);
 170                newpte = alloc_low_page();
 171                for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
 172                        set_pte(newpte + i, pte[i]);
 173
 174                paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(newpte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 175                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(newpte)|_PAGE_TABLE));
 176                BUG_ON(newpte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
 177                __flush_tlb_all();
 178
 179                paravirt_release_pte(__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 180                pte = newpte;
 181        }
 182        BUG_ON(vaddr < fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN - 1)
 183               && vaddr > fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END)
 184               && lastpte && lastpte + PTRS_PER_PTE != pte);
 185#endif
 186        return pte;
 187}
 188
 189/*
 190 * This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
 191 * with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
 192 * the given range.
 193 *
 194 * NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
 195 * so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
 196 * checking the pgd every time.
 197 */
 198static void __init
 199page_table_range_init(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
 200{
 201        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
 202        unsigned long vaddr;
 203        pgd_t *pgd;
 204        pmd_t *pmd;
 205        pte_t *pte = NULL;
 206
 207        vaddr = start;
 208        pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
 209        pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
 210        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 211
 212        for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 213                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 214                pmd = pmd + pmd_index(vaddr);
 215                for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
 216                                                        pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 217                        pte = page_table_kmap_check(one_page_table_init(pmd),
 218                                                    pmd, vaddr, pte);
 219
 220                        vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
 221                }
 222                pmd_idx = 0;
 223        }
 224}
 225
 226static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
 227{
 228        if (addr >= PAGE_OFFSET && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
 229                return 1;
 230        return 0;
 231}
 232
 233/*
 234 * This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
 235 * of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
 236 * PAGE_OFFSET:
 237 */
 238unsigned long __init
 239kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
 240                             unsigned long end,
 241                             unsigned long page_size_mask)
 242{
 243        int use_pse = page_size_mask == (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M);
 244        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 245        unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
 246        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 247        int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
 248        unsigned long pfn;
 249        pgd_t *pgd;
 250        pmd_t *pmd;
 251        pte_t *pte;
 252        unsigned pages_2m, pages_4k;
 253        int mapping_iter;
 254
 255        start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 256        end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 257
 258        /*
 259         * First iteration will setup identity mapping using large/small pages
 260         * based on use_pse, with other attributes same as set by
 261         * the early code in head_32.S
 262         *
 263         * Second iteration will setup the appropriate attributes (NX, GLOBAL..)
 264         * as desired for the kernel identity mapping.
 265         *
 266         * This two pass mechanism conforms to the TLB app note which says:
 267         *
 268         *     "Software should not write to a paging-structure entry in a way
 269         *      that would change, for any linear address, both the page size
 270         *      and either the page frame or attributes."
 271         */
 272        mapping_iter = 1;
 273
 274        if (!cpu_has_pse)
 275                use_pse = 0;
 276
 277repeat:
 278        pages_2m = pages_4k = 0;
 279        pfn = start_pfn;
 280        pgd_idx = pgd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 281        pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
 282        for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
 283                pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
 284
 285                if (pfn >= end_pfn)
 286                        continue;
 287#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
 288                pmd_idx = pmd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 289                pmd += pmd_idx;
 290#else
 291                pmd_idx = 0;
 292#endif
 293                for (; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < end_pfn;
 294                     pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
 295                        unsigned int addr = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
 296
 297                        /*
 298                         * Map with big pages if possible, otherwise
 299                         * create normal page tables:
 300                         */
 301                        if (use_pse) {
 302                                unsigned int addr2;
 303                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE;
 304                                /*
 305                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 306                                 * identity mapping attribute + _PAGE_PSE.
 307                                 */
 308                                pgprot_t init_prot =
 309                                        __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR |
 310                                                 _PAGE_PSE);
 311
 312                                addr2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE-1) * PAGE_SIZE +
 313                                        PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
 314
 315                                if (is_kernel_text(addr) ||
 316                                    is_kernel_text(addr2))
 317                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC;
 318
 319                                pages_2m++;
 320                                if (mapping_iter == 1)
 321                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, init_prot));
 322                                else
 323                                        set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, prot));
 324
 325                                pfn += PTRS_PER_PTE;
 326                                continue;
 327                        }
 328                        pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
 329
 330                        pte_ofs = pte_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
 331                        pte += pte_ofs;
 332                        for (; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < end_pfn;
 333                             pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 334                                pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 335                                /*
 336                                 * first pass will use the same initial
 337                                 * identity mapping attribute.
 338                                 */
 339                                pgprot_t init_prot = __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR);
 340
 341                                if (is_kernel_text(addr))
 342                                        prot = PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
 343
 344                                pages_4k++;
 345                                if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 346                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, init_prot));
 347                                        last_map_addr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_SIZE;
 348                                } else
 349                                        set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
 350                        }
 351                }
 352        }
 353        if (mapping_iter == 1) {
 354                /*
 355                 * update direct mapping page count only in the first
 356                 * iteration.
 357                 */
 358                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages_2m);
 359                update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages_4k);
 360
 361                /*
 362                 * local global flush tlb, which will flush the previous
 363                 * mappings present in both small and large page TLB's.
 364                 */
 365                __flush_tlb_all();
 366
 367                /*
 368                 * Second iteration will set the actual desired PTE attributes.
 369                 */
 370                mapping_iter = 2;
 371                goto repeat;
 372        }
 373        return last_map_addr;
 374}
 375
 376pte_t *kmap_pte;
 377pgprot_t kmap_prot;
 378
 379static inline pte_t *kmap_get_fixmap_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
 380{
 381        return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
 382                        vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
 383}
 384
 385static void __init kmap_init(void)
 386{
 387        unsigned long kmap_vstart;
 388
 389        /*
 390         * Cache the first kmap pte:
 391         */
 392        kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
 393        kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
 394
 395        kmap_prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
 396}
 397
 398#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 399static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 400{
 401        unsigned long vaddr;
 402        pgd_t *pgd;
 403        pud_t *pud;
 404        pmd_t *pmd;
 405        pte_t *pte;
 406
 407        vaddr = PKMAP_BASE;
 408        page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
 409
 410        pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
 411        pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
 412        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
 413        pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
 414        pkmap_page_table = pte;
 415}
 416
 417static void __init add_one_highpage_init(struct page *page)
 418{
 419        ClearPageReserved(page);
 420        init_page_count(page);
 421        __free_page(page);
 422        totalhigh_pages++;
 423}
 424
 425struct add_highpages_data {
 426        unsigned long start_pfn;
 427        unsigned long end_pfn;
 428};
 429
 430static int __init add_highpages_work_fn(unsigned long start_pfn,
 431                                         unsigned long end_pfn, void *datax)
 432{
 433        int node_pfn;
 434        struct page *page;
 435        unsigned long final_start_pfn, final_end_pfn;
 436        struct add_highpages_data *data;
 437
 438        data = (struct add_highpages_data *)datax;
 439
 440        final_start_pfn = max(start_pfn, data->start_pfn);
 441        final_end_pfn = min(end_pfn, data->end_pfn);
 442        if (final_start_pfn >= final_end_pfn)
 443                return 0;
 444
 445        for (node_pfn = final_start_pfn; node_pfn < final_end_pfn;
 446             node_pfn++) {
 447                if (!pfn_valid(node_pfn))
 448                        continue;
 449                page = pfn_to_page(node_pfn);
 450                add_one_highpage_init(page);
 451        }
 452
 453        return 0;
 454
 455}
 456
 457void __init add_highpages_with_active_regions(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn,
 458                                              unsigned long end_pfn)
 459{
 460        struct add_highpages_data data;
 461
 462        data.start_pfn = start_pfn;
 463        data.end_pfn = end_pfn;
 464
 465        work_with_active_regions(nid, add_highpages_work_fn, &data);
 466}
 467
 468#else
 469static inline void permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
 470{
 471}
 472#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 473
 474void __init native_pagetable_setup_start(pgd_t *base)
 475{
 476        unsigned long pfn, va;
 477        pgd_t *pgd;
 478        pud_t *pud;
 479        pmd_t *pmd;
 480        pte_t *pte;
 481
 482        /*
 483         * Remove any mappings which extend past the end of physical
 484         * memory from the boot time page table:
 485         */
 486        for (pfn = max_low_pfn + 1; pfn < 1<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
 487                va = PAGE_OFFSET + (pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 488                pgd = base + pgd_index(va);
 489                if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
 490                        break;
 491
 492                pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
 493                pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
 494                if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
 495                        break;
 496
 497                pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, va);
 498                if (!pte_present(*pte))
 499                        break;
 500
 501                pte_clear(NULL, va, pte);
 502        }
 503        paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(base) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 504}
 505
 506void __init native_pagetable_setup_done(pgd_t *base)
 507{
 508}
 509
 510/*
 511 * Build a proper pagetable for the kernel mappings.  Up until this
 512 * point, we've been running on some set of pagetables constructed by
 513 * the boot process.
 514 *
 515 * If we're booting on native hardware, this will be a pagetable
 516 * constructed in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S.  The root of the
 517 * pagetable will be swapper_pg_dir.
 518 *
 519 * If we're booting paravirtualized under a hypervisor, then there are
 520 * more options: we may already be running PAE, and the pagetable may
 521 * or may not be based in swapper_pg_dir.  In any case,
 522 * paravirt_pagetable_setup_start() will set up swapper_pg_dir
 523 * appropriately for the rest of the initialization to work.
 524 *
 525 * In general, pagetable_init() assumes that the pagetable may already
 526 * be partially populated, and so it avoids stomping on any existing
 527 * mappings.
 528 */
 529void __init early_ioremap_page_table_range_init(void)
 530{
 531        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 532        unsigned long vaddr, end;
 533
 534        /*
 535         * Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
 536         * created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
 537         */
 538        vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 539        end = (FIXADDR_TOP + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
 540        page_table_range_init(vaddr, end, pgd_base);
 541        early_ioremap_reset();
 542}
 543
 544static void __init pagetable_init(void)
 545{
 546        pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
 547
 548        permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
 549}
 550
 551#ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
 552/*
 553 * ACPI suspend needs this for resume, because things like the intel-agp
 554 * driver might have split up a kernel 4MB mapping.
 555 */
 556char swsusp_pg_dir[PAGE_SIZE]
 557        __attribute__ ((aligned(PAGE_SIZE)));
 558
 559static inline void save_pg_dir(void)
 560{
 561        memcpy(swsusp_pg_dir, swapper_pg_dir, PAGE_SIZE);
 562}
 563#else /* !CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP */
 564static inline void save_pg_dir(void)
 565{
 566}
 567#endif /* !CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP */
 568
 569void zap_low_mappings(bool early)
 570{
 571        int i;
 572
 573        /*
 574         * Zap initial low-memory mappings.
 575         *
 576         * Note that "pgd_clear()" doesn't do it for
 577         * us, because pgd_clear() is a no-op on i386.
 578         */
 579        for (i = 0; i < KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY; i++) {
 580#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
 581                set_pgd(swapper_pg_dir+i, __pgd(1 + __pa(empty_zero_page)));
 582#else
 583                set_pgd(swapper_pg_dir+i, __pgd(0));
 584#endif
 585        }
 586
 587        if (early)
 588                __flush_tlb();
 589        else
 590                flush_tlb_all();
 591}
 592
 593pteval_t __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~(_PAGE_NX | _PAGE_GLOBAL | _PAGE_IOMAP);
 594EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__supported_pte_mask);
 595
 596/* user-defined highmem size */
 597static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
 598
 599/*
 600 * highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
 601 * This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
 602 * This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
 603 */
 604static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
 605{
 606        if (!arg)
 607                return -EINVAL;
 608
 609        highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 610        return 0;
 611}
 612early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
 613
 614#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG \
 615        "highmem size (%luMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!\n"
 616
 617#define MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 618        "highmem size (%luMB) results in <64MB lowmem, ignoring it!\n"
 619/*
 620 * All of RAM fits into lowmem - but if user wants highmem
 621 * artificially via the highmem=x boot parameter then create
 622 * it:
 623 */
 624void __init lowmem_pfn_init(void)
 625{
 626        /* max_low_pfn is 0, we already have early_res support */
 627        max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
 628
 629        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 630                highmem_pages = 0;
 631#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 632        if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
 633                printk(KERN_ERR MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG,
 634                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
 635                highmem_pages = 0;
 636        }
 637        if (highmem_pages) {
 638                if (max_low_pfn - highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE) {
 639                        printk(KERN_ERR MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 640                                pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 641                        highmem_pages = 0;
 642                }
 643                max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
 644        }
 645#else
 646        if (highmem_pages)
 647                printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
 648#endif
 649}
 650
 651#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL \
 652        "only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %luMB!\n"
 653
 654#define MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED \
 655        "Warning: only 4GB will be used. Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel!\n"
 656/*
 657 * We have more RAM than fits into lowmem - we try to put it into
 658 * highmem, also taking the highmem=x boot parameter into account:
 659 */
 660void __init highmem_pfn_init(void)
 661{
 662        max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 663
 664        if (highmem_pages == -1)
 665                highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
 666
 667        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
 668                max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
 669
 670        if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
 671                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL,
 672                        pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN),
 673                        pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
 674                highmem_pages = 0;
 675        }
 676#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 677        /* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
 678        printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n", MAXMEM>>20);
 679        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
 680                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
 681        else
 682                printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
 683        max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
 684#else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 685#ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
 686        if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
 687                max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
 688                printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED);
 689        }
 690#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
 691#endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 692}
 693
 694/*
 695 * Determine low and high memory ranges:
 696 */
 697void __init find_low_pfn_range(void)
 698{
 699        /* it could update max_pfn */
 700
 701        if (max_pfn <= MAXMEM_PFN)
 702                lowmem_pfn_init();
 703        else
 704                highmem_pfn_init();
 705}
 706
 707#ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 708void __init initmem_init(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn,
 709                                int acpi, int k8)
 710{
 711#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 712        highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
 713        if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn)
 714                highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
 715        e820_register_active_regions(0, 0, highend_pfn);
 716        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
 717        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
 718                pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
 719        num_physpages = highend_pfn;
 720        high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 721#else
 722        e820_register_active_regions(0, 0, max_low_pfn);
 723        sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
 724        num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
 725        high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
 726#endif
 727#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 728        max_mapnr = num_physpages;
 729#endif
 730        __vmalloc_start_set = true;
 731
 732        printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
 733                        pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
 734
 735        setup_bootmem_allocator();
 736}
 737#endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
 738
 739static void __init zone_sizes_init(void)
 740{
 741        unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES];
 742        memset(max_zone_pfns, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns));
 743        max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA] =
 744                virt_to_phys((char *)MAX_DMA_ADDRESS) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 745        max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low_pfn;
 746#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 747        max_zone_pfns[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = highend_pfn;
 748#endif
 749
 750        free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
 751}
 752
 753#ifndef CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM
 754static unsigned long __init setup_node_bootmem(int nodeid,
 755                                 unsigned long start_pfn,
 756                                 unsigned long end_pfn,
 757                                 unsigned long bootmap)
 758{
 759        unsigned long bootmap_size;
 760
 761        /* don't touch min_low_pfn */
 762        bootmap_size = init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid),
 763                                         bootmap >> PAGE_SHIFT,
 764                                         start_pfn, end_pfn);
 765        printk(KERN_INFO "  node %d low ram: %08lx - %08lx\n",
 766                nodeid, start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT, end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 767        printk(KERN_INFO "  node %d bootmap %08lx - %08lx\n",
 768                 nodeid, bootmap, bootmap + bootmap_size);
 769        free_bootmem_with_active_regions(nodeid, end_pfn);
 770
 771        return bootmap + bootmap_size;
 772}
 773#endif
 774
 775void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
 776{
 777#ifndef CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM
 778        int nodeid;
 779        unsigned long bootmap_size, bootmap;
 780        /*
 781         * Initialize the boot-time allocator (with low memory only):
 782         */
 783        bootmap_size = bootmem_bootmap_pages(max_low_pfn)<<PAGE_SHIFT;
 784        bootmap = find_e820_area(0, max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT, bootmap_size,
 785                                 PAGE_SIZE);
 786        if (bootmap == -1L)
 787                panic("Cannot find bootmem map of size %ld\n", bootmap_size);
 788        reserve_early(bootmap, bootmap + bootmap_size, "BOOTMAP");
 789#endif
 790
 791        printk(KERN_INFO "  mapped low ram: 0 - %08lx\n",
 792                 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 793        printk(KERN_INFO "  low ram: 0 - %08lx\n", max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 794
 795#ifndef CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM
 796        for_each_online_node(nodeid) {
 797                 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
 798
 799#ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 800                start_pfn = node_start_pfn[nodeid];
 801                end_pfn = node_end_pfn[nodeid];
 802                if (start_pfn > max_low_pfn)
 803                        continue;
 804                if (end_pfn > max_low_pfn)
 805                        end_pfn = max_low_pfn;
 806#else
 807                start_pfn = 0;
 808                end_pfn = max_low_pfn;
 809#endif
 810                bootmap = setup_node_bootmem(nodeid, start_pfn, end_pfn,
 811                                                 bootmap);
 812        }
 813#endif
 814
 815        after_bootmem = 1;
 816}
 817
 818/*
 819 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
 820 * already mapped by head.S.
 821 *
 822 * This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
 823 * that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
 824 */
 825void __init paging_init(void)
 826{
 827        pagetable_init();
 828
 829        __flush_tlb_all();
 830
 831        kmap_init();
 832
 833        /*
 834         * NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
 835         */
 836        sparse_init();
 837        zone_sizes_init();
 838}
 839
 840/*
 841 * Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
 842 * and also on some strange 486's. All 586+'s are OK. This used to involve
 843 * black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs, but fortunately the
 844 * switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
 845 */
 846static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
 847{
 848        printk(KERN_INFO
 849  "Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...");
 850
 851        /* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
 852        __set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_READONLY);
 853        boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
 854        clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
 855
 856        if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
 857                printk(KERN_CONT "No.\n");
 858#ifdef CONFIG_X86_WP_WORKS_OK
 859                panic(
 860  "This kernel doesn't support CPU's with broken WP. Recompile it for a 386!");
 861#endif
 862        } else {
 863                printk(KERN_CONT "Ok.\n");
 864        }
 865}
 866
 867void __init mem_init(void)
 868{
 869        int codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize;
 870        int tmp;
 871
 872        pci_iommu_alloc();
 873
 874#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 875        BUG_ON(!mem_map);
 876#endif
 877        /* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
 878        totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
 879
 880        reservedpages = 0;
 881        for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++)
 882                /*
 883                 * Only count reserved RAM pages:
 884                 */
 885                if (page_is_ram(tmp) && PageReserved(pfn_to_page(tmp)))
 886                        reservedpages++;
 887
 888        set_highmem_pages_init();
 889
 890        codesize =  (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
 891        datasize =  (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_etext;
 892        initsize =  (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
 893
 894        printk(KERN_INFO "Memory: %luk/%luk available (%dk kernel code, "
 895                        "%dk reserved, %dk data, %dk init, %ldk highmem)\n",
 896                nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 897                num_physpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 898                codesize >> 10,
 899                reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 900                datasize >> 10,
 901                initsize >> 10,
 902                totalhigh_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10));
 903
 904        printk(KERN_INFO "virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
 905                "    fixmap  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 906#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 907                "    pkmap   : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 908#endif
 909                "    vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 910                "    lowmem  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
 911                "      .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 912                "      .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
 913                "      .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n",
 914                FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
 915                (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
 916
 917#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 918                PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
 919                (LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
 920#endif
 921
 922                VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
 923                (VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
 924
 925                (unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
 926                ((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
 927
 928                (unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
 929                ((unsigned long)&__init_end -
 930                 (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
 931
 932                (unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
 933                ((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
 934
 935                (unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
 936                ((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
 937
 938        /*
 939         * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
 940         * be detected at build time already.
 941         */
 942#define __FIXADDR_TOP (-PAGE_SIZE)
 943#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 944        BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE  > FIXADDR_START);
 945        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                        > PKMAP_BASE);
 946#endif
 947#define high_memory (-128UL << 20)
 948        BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                      >= VMALLOC_END);
 949#undef high_memory
 950#undef __FIXADDR_TOP
 951
 952#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 953        BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE        > FIXADDR_START);
 954        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END                              > PKMAP_BASE);
 955#endif
 956        BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START                            >= VMALLOC_END);
 957        BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory               > VMALLOC_START);
 958
 959        if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
 960                test_wp_bit();
 961
 962        save_pg_dir();
 963        zap_low_mappings(true);
 964}
 965
 966#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 967int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
 968{
 969        struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
 970        struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones + ZONE_HIGHMEM;
 971        unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 972        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 973
 974        return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 975}
 976#endif
 977
 978/*
 979 * This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
 980 * section.  Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
 981 */
 982static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void)
 983{
 984        char tmp_reg;
 985        int flag;
 986
 987        __asm__ __volatile__(
 988                "       movb %0, %1     \n"
 989                "1:     movb %1, %0     \n"
 990                "       xorl %2, %2     \n"
 991                "2:                     \n"
 992                _ASM_EXTABLE(1b,2b)
 993                :"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
 994                 "=q" (tmp_reg),
 995                 "=r" (flag)
 996                :"2" (1)
 997                :"memory");
 998
 999        return flag;
1000}
1001
1002#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
1003const int rodata_test_data = 0xC3;
1004EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rodata_test_data);
1005
1006int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
1007
1008void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
1009{
1010        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
1011        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
1012
1013        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
1014                return;
1015
1016        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read write\n",
1017                 start, start+size);
1018
1019        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1020}
1021
1022void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
1023{
1024        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
1025        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
1026
1027        if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
1028                return;
1029
1030        pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read only\n",
1031                 start, start+size);
1032
1033        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1034}
1035
1036void mark_rodata_ro(void)
1037{
1038        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
1039        unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
1040
1041        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1042        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n",
1043                size >> 10);
1044
1045        kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
1046
1047#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
1048        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: Reverting %lx-%lx\n",
1049                start, start+size);
1050        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
1051
1052        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
1053        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
1054#endif
1055
1056        start += size;
1057        size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
1058        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1059        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
1060                size >> 10);
1061        rodata_test();
1062
1063#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
1064        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, start + size);
1065        set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1066
1067        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
1068        set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1069#endif
1070}
1071#endif
1072
1073int __init reserve_bootmem_generic(unsigned long phys, unsigned long len,
1074                                   int flags)
1075{
1076        return reserve_bootmem(phys, len, flags);
1077}
1078
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