linux/fs/proc/task_mmu.c
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   1#include <linux/mm.h>
   2#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
   3#include <linux/mount.h>
   4#include <linux/seq_file.h>
   5#include <linux/highmem.h>
   6#include <linux/ptrace.h>
   7#include <linux/pagemap.h>
   8#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
   9#include <linux/swap.h>
  10#include <linux/swapops.h>
  11
  12#include <asm/elf.h>
  13#include <asm/uaccess.h>
  14#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  15#include "internal.h"
  16
  17void task_mem(struct seq_file *m, struct mm_struct *mm)
  18{
  19        unsigned long data, text, lib;
  20        unsigned long hiwater_vm, total_vm, hiwater_rss, total_rss;
  21
  22        /*
  23         * Note: to minimize their overhead, mm maintains hiwater_vm and
  24         * hiwater_rss only when about to *lower* total_vm or rss.  Any
  25         * collector of these hiwater stats must therefore get total_vm
  26         * and rss too, which will usually be the higher.  Barriers? not
  27         * worth the effort, such snapshots can always be inconsistent.
  28         */
  29        hiwater_vm = total_vm = mm->total_vm;
  30        if (hiwater_vm < mm->hiwater_vm)
  31                hiwater_vm = mm->hiwater_vm;
  32        hiwater_rss = total_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
  33        if (hiwater_rss < mm->hiwater_rss)
  34                hiwater_rss = mm->hiwater_rss;
  35
  36        data = mm->total_vm - mm->shared_vm - mm->stack_vm;
  37        text = (PAGE_ALIGN(mm->end_code) - (mm->start_code & PAGE_MASK)) >> 10;
  38        lib = (mm->exec_vm << (PAGE_SHIFT-10)) - text;
  39        seq_printf(m,
  40                "VmPeak:\t%8lu kB\n"
  41                "VmSize:\t%8lu kB\n"
  42                "VmLck:\t%8lu kB\n"
  43                "VmHWM:\t%8lu kB\n"
  44                "VmRSS:\t%8lu kB\n"
  45                "VmData:\t%8lu kB\n"
  46                "VmStk:\t%8lu kB\n"
  47                "VmExe:\t%8lu kB\n"
  48                "VmLib:\t%8lu kB\n"
  49                "VmPTE:\t%8lu kB\n",
  50                hiwater_vm << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
  51                (total_vm - mm->reserved_vm) << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
  52                mm->locked_vm << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
  53                hiwater_rss << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
  54                total_rss << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
  55                data << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
  56                mm->stack_vm << (PAGE_SHIFT-10), text, lib,
  57                (PTRS_PER_PTE*sizeof(pte_t)*mm->nr_ptes) >> 10);
  58}
  59
  60unsigned long task_vsize(struct mm_struct *mm)
  61{
  62        return PAGE_SIZE * mm->total_vm;
  63}
  64
  65int task_statm(struct mm_struct *mm, int *shared, int *text,
  66               int *data, int *resident)
  67{
  68        *shared = get_mm_counter(mm, file_rss);
  69        *text = (PAGE_ALIGN(mm->end_code) - (mm->start_code & PAGE_MASK))
  70                                                                >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  71        *data = mm->total_vm - mm->shared_vm;
  72        *resident = *shared + get_mm_counter(mm, anon_rss);
  73        return mm->total_vm;
  74}
  75
  76static void pad_len_spaces(struct seq_file *m, int len)
  77{
  78        len = 25 + sizeof(void*) * 6 - len;
  79        if (len < 1)
  80                len = 1;
  81        seq_printf(m, "%*c", len, ' ');
  82}
  83
  84static void vma_stop(struct proc_maps_private *priv, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
  85{
  86        if (vma && vma != priv->tail_vma) {
  87                struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
  88                up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
  89                mmput(mm);
  90        }
  91}
  92
  93static void *m_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
  94{
  95        struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
  96        unsigned long last_addr = m->version;
  97        struct mm_struct *mm;
  98        struct vm_area_struct *vma, *tail_vma = NULL;
  99        loff_t l = *pos;
 100
 101        /* Clear the per syscall fields in priv */
 102        priv->task = NULL;
 103        priv->tail_vma = NULL;
 104
 105        /*
 106         * We remember last_addr rather than next_addr to hit with
 107         * mmap_cache most of the time. We have zero last_addr at
 108         * the beginning and also after lseek. We will have -1 last_addr
 109         * after the end of the vmas.
 110         */
 111
 112        if (last_addr == -1UL)
 113                return NULL;
 114
 115        priv->task = get_pid_task(priv->pid, PIDTYPE_PID);
 116        if (!priv->task)
 117                return NULL;
 118
 119        mm = mm_for_maps(priv->task);
 120        if (!mm)
 121                return NULL;
 122        down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
 123
 124        tail_vma = get_gate_vma(priv->task);
 125        priv->tail_vma = tail_vma;
 126
 127        /* Start with last addr hint */
 128        vma = find_vma(mm, last_addr);
 129        if (last_addr && vma) {
 130                vma = vma->vm_next;
 131                goto out;
 132        }
 133
 134        /*
 135         * Check the vma index is within the range and do
 136         * sequential scan until m_index.
 137         */
 138        vma = NULL;
 139        if ((unsigned long)l < mm->map_count) {
 140                vma = mm->mmap;
 141                while (l-- && vma)
 142                        vma = vma->vm_next;
 143                goto out;
 144        }
 145
 146        if (l != mm->map_count)
 147                tail_vma = NULL; /* After gate vma */
 148
 149out:
 150        if (vma)
 151                return vma;
 152
 153        /* End of vmas has been reached */
 154        m->version = (tail_vma != NULL)? 0: -1UL;
 155        up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
 156        mmput(mm);
 157        return tail_vma;
 158}
 159
 160static void *m_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
 161{
 162        struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
 163        struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
 164        struct vm_area_struct *tail_vma = priv->tail_vma;
 165
 166        (*pos)++;
 167        if (vma && (vma != tail_vma) && vma->vm_next)
 168                return vma->vm_next;
 169        vma_stop(priv, vma);
 170        return (vma != tail_vma)? tail_vma: NULL;
 171}
 172
 173static void m_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 174{
 175        struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
 176        struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
 177
 178        vma_stop(priv, vma);
 179        if (priv->task)
 180                put_task_struct(priv->task);
 181}
 182
 183static int do_maps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
 184                        const struct seq_operations *ops)
 185{
 186        struct proc_maps_private *priv;
 187        int ret = -ENOMEM;
 188        priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
 189        if (priv) {
 190                priv->pid = proc_pid(inode);
 191                ret = seq_open(file, ops);
 192                if (!ret) {
 193                        struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
 194                        m->private = priv;
 195                } else {
 196                        kfree(priv);
 197                }
 198        }
 199        return ret;
 200}
 201
 202static void show_map_vma(struct seq_file *m, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 203{
 204        struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 205        struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
 206        int flags = vma->vm_flags;
 207        unsigned long ino = 0;
 208        unsigned long long pgoff = 0;
 209        dev_t dev = 0;
 210        int len;
 211
 212        if (file) {
 213                struct inode *inode = vma->vm_file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
 214                dev = inode->i_sb->s_dev;
 215                ino = inode->i_ino;
 216                pgoff = ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT;
 217        }
 218
 219        seq_printf(m, "%08lx-%08lx %c%c%c%c %08llx %02x:%02x %lu %n",
 220                        vma->vm_start,
 221                        vma->vm_end,
 222                        flags & VM_READ ? 'r' : '-',
 223                        flags & VM_WRITE ? 'w' : '-',
 224                        flags & VM_EXEC ? 'x' : '-',
 225                        flags & VM_MAYSHARE ? 's' : 'p',
 226                        pgoff,
 227                        MAJOR(dev), MINOR(dev), ino, &len);
 228
 229        /*
 230         * Print the dentry name for named mappings, and a
 231         * special [heap] marker for the heap:
 232         */
 233        if (file) {
 234                pad_len_spaces(m, len);
 235                seq_path(m, &file->f_path, "\n");
 236        } else {
 237                const char *name = arch_vma_name(vma);
 238                if (!name) {
 239                        if (mm) {
 240                                if (vma->vm_start <= mm->start_brk &&
 241                                                vma->vm_end >= mm->brk) {
 242                                        name = "[heap]";
 243                                } else if (vma->vm_start <= mm->start_stack &&
 244                                           vma->vm_end >= mm->start_stack) {
 245                                        name = "[stack]";
 246                                }
 247                        } else {
 248                                name = "[vdso]";
 249                        }
 250                }
 251                if (name) {
 252                        pad_len_spaces(m, len);
 253                        seq_puts(m, name);
 254                }
 255        }
 256        seq_putc(m, '\n');
 257}
 258
 259static int show_map(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 260{
 261        struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
 262        struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
 263        struct task_struct *task = priv->task;
 264
 265        show_map_vma(m, vma);
 266
 267        if (m->count < m->size)  /* vma is copied successfully */
 268                m->version = (vma != get_gate_vma(task))? vma->vm_start: 0;
 269        return 0;
 270}
 271
 272static const struct seq_operations proc_pid_maps_op = {
 273        .start  = m_start,
 274        .next   = m_next,
 275        .stop   = m_stop,
 276        .show   = show_map
 277};
 278
 279static int maps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 280{
 281        return do_maps_open(inode, file, &proc_pid_maps_op);
 282}
 283
 284const struct file_operations proc_maps_operations = {
 285        .open           = maps_open,
 286        .read           = seq_read,
 287        .llseek         = seq_lseek,
 288        .release        = seq_release_private,
 289};
 290
 291/*
 292 * Proportional Set Size(PSS): my share of RSS.
 293 *
 294 * PSS of a process is the count of pages it has in memory, where each
 295 * page is divided by the number of processes sharing it.  So if a
 296 * process has 1000 pages all to itself, and 1000 shared with one other
 297 * process, its PSS will be 1500.
 298 *
 299 * To keep (accumulated) division errors low, we adopt a 64bit
 300 * fixed-point pss counter to minimize division errors. So (pss >>
 301 * PSS_SHIFT) would be the real byte count.
 302 *
 303 * A shift of 12 before division means (assuming 4K page size):
 304 *      - 1M 3-user-pages add up to 8KB errors;
 305 *      - supports mapcount up to 2^24, or 16M;
 306 *      - supports PSS up to 2^52 bytes, or 4PB.
 307 */
 308#define PSS_SHIFT 12
 309
 310#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
 311struct mem_size_stats {
 312        struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 313        unsigned long resident;
 314        unsigned long shared_clean;
 315        unsigned long shared_dirty;
 316        unsigned long private_clean;
 317        unsigned long private_dirty;
 318        unsigned long referenced;
 319        unsigned long swap;
 320        u64 pss;
 321};
 322
 323static int smaps_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
 324                           struct mm_walk *walk)
 325{
 326        struct mem_size_stats *mss = walk->private;
 327        struct vm_area_struct *vma = mss->vma;
 328        pte_t *pte, ptent;
 329        spinlock_t *ptl;
 330        struct page *page;
 331        int mapcount;
 332
 333        pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
 334        for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 335                ptent = *pte;
 336
 337                if (is_swap_pte(ptent)) {
 338                        mss->swap += PAGE_SIZE;
 339                        continue;
 340                }
 341
 342                if (!pte_present(ptent))
 343                        continue;
 344
 345                mss->resident += PAGE_SIZE;
 346
 347                page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
 348                if (!page)
 349                        continue;
 350
 351                /* Accumulate the size in pages that have been accessed. */
 352                if (pte_young(ptent) || PageReferenced(page))
 353                        mss->referenced += PAGE_SIZE;
 354                mapcount = page_mapcount(page);
 355                if (mapcount >= 2) {
 356                        if (pte_dirty(ptent))
 357                                mss->shared_dirty += PAGE_SIZE;
 358                        else
 359                                mss->shared_clean += PAGE_SIZE;
 360                        mss->pss += (PAGE_SIZE << PSS_SHIFT) / mapcount;
 361                } else {
 362                        if (pte_dirty(ptent))
 363                                mss->private_dirty += PAGE_SIZE;
 364                        else
 365                                mss->private_clean += PAGE_SIZE;
 366                        mss->pss += (PAGE_SIZE << PSS_SHIFT);
 367                }
 368        }
 369        pte_unmap_unlock(pte - 1, ptl);
 370        cond_resched();
 371        return 0;
 372}
 373
 374static int show_smap(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 375{
 376        struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
 377        struct task_struct *task = priv->task;
 378        struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
 379        struct mem_size_stats mss;
 380        struct mm_walk smaps_walk = {
 381                .pmd_entry = smaps_pte_range,
 382                .mm = vma->vm_mm,
 383                .private = &mss,
 384        };
 385
 386        memset(&mss, 0, sizeof mss);
 387        mss.vma = vma;
 388        if (vma->vm_mm && !is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
 389                walk_page_range(vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end, &smaps_walk);
 390
 391        show_map_vma(m, vma);
 392
 393        seq_printf(m,
 394                   "Size:           %8lu kB\n"
 395                   "Rss:            %8lu kB\n"
 396                   "Pss:            %8lu kB\n"
 397                   "Shared_Clean:   %8lu kB\n"
 398                   "Shared_Dirty:   %8lu kB\n"
 399                   "Private_Clean:  %8lu kB\n"
 400                   "Private_Dirty:  %8lu kB\n"
 401                   "Referenced:     %8lu kB\n"
 402                   "Swap:           %8lu kB\n"
 403                   "KernelPageSize: %8lu kB\n"
 404                   "MMUPageSize:    %8lu kB\n",
 405                   (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) >> 10,
 406                   mss.resident >> 10,
 407                   (unsigned long)(mss.pss >> (10 + PSS_SHIFT)),
 408                   mss.shared_clean  >> 10,
 409                   mss.shared_dirty  >> 10,
 410                   mss.private_clean >> 10,
 411                   mss.private_dirty >> 10,
 412                   mss.referenced >> 10,
 413                   mss.swap >> 10,
 414                   vma_kernel_pagesize(vma) >> 10,
 415                   vma_mmu_pagesize(vma) >> 10);
 416
 417        if (m->count < m->size)  /* vma is copied successfully */
 418                m->version = (vma != get_gate_vma(task)) ? vma->vm_start : 0;
 419        return 0;
 420}
 421
 422static const struct seq_operations proc_pid_smaps_op = {
 423        .start  = m_start,
 424        .next   = m_next,
 425        .stop   = m_stop,
 426        .show   = show_smap
 427};
 428
 429static int smaps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 430{
 431        return do_maps_open(inode, file, &proc_pid_smaps_op);
 432}
 433
 434const struct file_operations proc_smaps_operations = {
 435        .open           = smaps_open,
 436        .read           = seq_read,
 437        .llseek         = seq_lseek,
 438        .release        = seq_release_private,
 439};
 440
 441static int clear_refs_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
 442                                unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
 443{
 444        struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->private;
 445        pte_t *pte, ptent;
 446        spinlock_t *ptl;
 447        struct page *page;
 448
 449        pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
 450        for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 451                ptent = *pte;
 452                if (!pte_present(ptent))
 453                        continue;
 454
 455                page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
 456                if (!page)
 457                        continue;
 458
 459                /* Clear accessed and referenced bits. */
 460                ptep_test_and_clear_young(vma, addr, pte);
 461                ClearPageReferenced(page);
 462        }
 463        pte_unmap_unlock(pte - 1, ptl);
 464        cond_resched();
 465        return 0;
 466}
 467
 468#define CLEAR_REFS_ALL 1
 469#define CLEAR_REFS_ANON 2
 470#define CLEAR_REFS_MAPPED 3
 471
 472static ssize_t clear_refs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 473                                size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 474{
 475        struct task_struct *task;
 476        char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
 477        struct mm_struct *mm;
 478        struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 479        long type;
 480
 481        memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
 482        if (count > sizeof(buffer) - 1)
 483                count = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
 484        if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count))
 485                return -EFAULT;
 486        if (strict_strtol(strstrip(buffer), 10, &type))
 487                return -EINVAL;
 488        if (type < CLEAR_REFS_ALL || type > CLEAR_REFS_MAPPED)
 489                return -EINVAL;
 490        task = get_proc_task(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
 491        if (!task)
 492                return -ESRCH;
 493        mm = get_task_mm(task);
 494        if (mm) {
 495                struct mm_walk clear_refs_walk = {
 496                        .pmd_entry = clear_refs_pte_range,
 497                        .mm = mm,
 498                };
 499                down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
 500                for (vma = mm->mmap; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
 501                        clear_refs_walk.private = vma;
 502                        if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
 503                                continue;
 504                        /*
 505                         * Writing 1 to /proc/pid/clear_refs affects all pages.
 506                         *
 507                         * Writing 2 to /proc/pid/clear_refs only affects
 508                         * Anonymous pages.
 509                         *
 510                         * Writing 3 to /proc/pid/clear_refs only affects file
 511                         * mapped pages.
 512                         */
 513                        if (type == CLEAR_REFS_ANON && vma->vm_file)
 514                                continue;
 515                        if (type == CLEAR_REFS_MAPPED && !vma->vm_file)
 516                                continue;
 517                        walk_page_range(vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
 518                                        &clear_refs_walk);
 519                }
 520                flush_tlb_mm(mm);
 521                up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
 522                mmput(mm);
 523        }
 524        put_task_struct(task);
 525
 526        return count;
 527}
 528
 529const struct file_operations proc_clear_refs_operations = {
 530        .write          = clear_refs_write,
 531};
 532
 533struct pagemapread {
 534        u64 __user *out, *end;
 535};
 536
 537#define PM_ENTRY_BYTES      sizeof(u64)
 538#define PM_STATUS_BITS      3
 539#define PM_STATUS_OFFSET    (64 - PM_STATUS_BITS)
 540#define PM_STATUS_MASK      (((1LL << PM_STATUS_BITS) - 1) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET)
 541#define PM_STATUS(nr)       (((nr) << PM_STATUS_OFFSET) & PM_STATUS_MASK)
 542#define PM_PSHIFT_BITS      6
 543#define PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET    (PM_STATUS_OFFSET - PM_PSHIFT_BITS)
 544#define PM_PSHIFT_MASK      (((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_BITS) - 1) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET)
 545#define PM_PSHIFT(x)        (((u64) (x) << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) & PM_PSHIFT_MASK)
 546#define PM_PFRAME_MASK      ((1LL << PM_PSHIFT_OFFSET) - 1)
 547#define PM_PFRAME(x)        ((x) & PM_PFRAME_MASK)
 548
 549#define PM_PRESENT          PM_STATUS(4LL)
 550#define PM_SWAP             PM_STATUS(2LL)
 551#define PM_NOT_PRESENT      PM_PSHIFT(PAGE_SHIFT)
 552#define PM_END_OF_BUFFER    1
 553
 554static int add_to_pagemap(unsigned long addr, u64 pfn,
 555                          struct pagemapread *pm)
 556{
 557        if (put_user(pfn, pm->out))
 558                return -EFAULT;
 559        pm->out++;
 560        if (pm->out >= pm->end)
 561                return PM_END_OF_BUFFER;
 562        return 0;
 563}
 564
 565static int pagemap_pte_hole(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 566                                struct mm_walk *walk)
 567{
 568        struct pagemapread *pm = walk->private;
 569        unsigned long addr;
 570        int err = 0;
 571        for (addr = start; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 572                err = add_to_pagemap(addr, PM_NOT_PRESENT, pm);
 573                if (err)
 574                        break;
 575        }
 576        return err;
 577}
 578
 579static u64 swap_pte_to_pagemap_entry(pte_t pte)
 580{
 581        swp_entry_t e = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
 582        return swp_type(e) | (swp_offset(e) << MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT);
 583}
 584
 585static u64 pte_to_pagemap_entry(pte_t pte)
 586{
 587        u64 pme = 0;
 588        if (is_swap_pte(pte))
 589                pme = PM_PFRAME(swap_pte_to_pagemap_entry(pte))
 590                        | PM_PSHIFT(PAGE_SHIFT) | PM_SWAP;
 591        else if (pte_present(pte))
 592                pme = PM_PFRAME(pte_pfn(pte))
 593                        | PM_PSHIFT(PAGE_SHIFT) | PM_PRESENT;
 594        return pme;
 595}
 596
 597static int pagemap_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
 598                             struct mm_walk *walk)
 599{
 600        struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 601        struct pagemapread *pm = walk->private;
 602        pte_t *pte;
 603        int err = 0;
 604
 605        /* find the first VMA at or above 'addr' */
 606        vma = find_vma(walk->mm, addr);
 607        for (; addr != end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 608                u64 pfn = PM_NOT_PRESENT;
 609
 610                /* check to see if we've left 'vma' behind
 611                 * and need a new, higher one */
 612                if (vma && (addr >= vma->vm_end))
 613                        vma = find_vma(walk->mm, addr);
 614
 615                /* check that 'vma' actually covers this address,
 616                 * and that it isn't a huge page vma */
 617                if (vma && (vma->vm_start <= addr) &&
 618                    !is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma)) {
 619                        pte = pte_offset_map(pmd, addr);
 620                        pfn = pte_to_pagemap_entry(*pte);
 621                        /* unmap before userspace copy */
 622                        pte_unmap(pte);
 623                }
 624                err = add_to_pagemap(addr, pfn, pm);
 625                if (err)
 626                        return err;
 627        }
 628
 629        cond_resched();
 630
 631        return err;
 632}
 633
 634/*
 635 * /proc/pid/pagemap - an array mapping virtual pages to pfns
 636 *
 637 * For each page in the address space, this file contains one 64-bit entry
 638 * consisting of the following:
 639 *
 640 * Bits 0-55  page frame number (PFN) if present
 641 * Bits 0-4   swap type if swapped
 642 * Bits 5-55  swap offset if swapped
 643 * Bits 55-60 page shift (page size = 1<<page shift)
 644 * Bit  61    reserved for future use
 645 * Bit  62    page swapped
 646 * Bit  63    page present
 647 *
 648 * If the page is not present but in swap, then the PFN contains an
 649 * encoding of the swap file number and the page's offset into the
 650 * swap. Unmapped pages return a null PFN. This allows determining
 651 * precisely which pages are mapped (or in swap) and comparing mapped
 652 * pages between processes.
 653 *
 654 * Efficient users of this interface will use /proc/pid/maps to
 655 * determine which areas of memory are actually mapped and llseek to
 656 * skip over unmapped regions.
 657 */
 658static ssize_t pagemap_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 659                            size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 660{
 661        struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
 662        struct page **pages, *page;
 663        unsigned long uaddr, uend;
 664        struct mm_struct *mm;
 665        struct pagemapread pm;
 666        int pagecount;
 667        int ret = -ESRCH;
 668        struct mm_walk pagemap_walk = {};
 669        unsigned long src;
 670        unsigned long svpfn;
 671        unsigned long start_vaddr;
 672        unsigned long end_vaddr;
 673
 674        if (!task)
 675                goto out;
 676
 677        ret = -EACCES;
 678        if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ))
 679                goto out_task;
 680
 681        ret = -EINVAL;
 682        /* file position must be aligned */
 683        if ((*ppos % PM_ENTRY_BYTES) || (count % PM_ENTRY_BYTES))
 684                goto out_task;
 685
 686        ret = 0;
 687
 688        if (!count)
 689                goto out_task;
 690
 691        mm = get_task_mm(task);
 692        if (!mm)
 693                goto out_task;
 694
 695
 696        uaddr = (unsigned long)buf & PAGE_MASK;
 697        uend = (unsigned long)(buf + count);
 698        pagecount = (PAGE_ALIGN(uend) - uaddr) / PAGE_SIZE;
 699        ret = 0;
 700        if (pagecount == 0)
 701                goto out_mm;
 702        pages = kcalloc(pagecount, sizeof(struct page *), GFP_KERNEL);
 703        ret = -ENOMEM;
 704        if (!pages)
 705                goto out_mm;
 706
 707        down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
 708        ret = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, uaddr, pagecount,
 709                             1, 0, pages, NULL);
 710        up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
 711
 712        if (ret < 0)
 713                goto out_free;
 714
 715        if (ret != pagecount) {
 716                pagecount = ret;
 717                ret = -EFAULT;
 718                goto out_pages;
 719        }
 720
 721        pm.out = (u64 __user *)buf;
 722        pm.end = (u64 __user *)(buf + count);
 723
 724        pagemap_walk.pmd_entry = pagemap_pte_range;
 725        pagemap_walk.pte_hole = pagemap_pte_hole;
 726        pagemap_walk.mm = mm;
 727        pagemap_walk.private = &pm;
 728
 729        src = *ppos;
 730        svpfn = src / PM_ENTRY_BYTES;
 731        start_vaddr = svpfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
 732        end_vaddr = TASK_SIZE_OF(task);
 733
 734        /* watch out for wraparound */
 735        if (svpfn > TASK_SIZE_OF(task) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
 736                start_vaddr = end_vaddr;
 737
 738        /*
 739         * The odds are that this will stop walking way
 740         * before end_vaddr, because the length of the
 741         * user buffer is tracked in "pm", and the walk
 742         * will stop when we hit the end of the buffer.
 743         */
 744        ret = walk_page_range(start_vaddr, end_vaddr, &pagemap_walk);
 745        if (ret == PM_END_OF_BUFFER)
 746                ret = 0;
 747        /* don't need mmap_sem for these, but this looks cleaner */
 748        *ppos += (char __user *)pm.out - buf;
 749        if (!ret)
 750                ret = (char __user *)pm.out - buf;
 751
 752out_pages:
 753        for (; pagecount; pagecount--) {
 754                page = pages[pagecount-1];
 755                if (!PageReserved(page))
 756                        SetPageDirty(page);
 757                page_cache_release(page);
 758        }
 759out_free:
 760        kfree(pages);
 761out_mm:
 762        mmput(mm);
 763out_task:
 764        put_task_struct(task);
 765out:
 766        return ret;
 767}
 768
 769const struct file_operations proc_pagemap_operations = {
 770        .llseek         = mem_lseek, /* borrow this */
 771        .read           = pagemap_read,
 772};
 773#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR */
 774
 775#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 776extern int show_numa_map(struct seq_file *m, void *v);
 777
 778static const struct seq_operations proc_pid_numa_maps_op = {
 779        .start  = m_start,
 780        .next   = m_next,
 781        .stop   = m_stop,
 782        .show   = show_numa_map,
 783};
 784
 785static int numa_maps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 786{
 787        return do_maps_open(inode, file, &proc_pid_numa_maps_op);
 788}
 789
 790const struct file_operations proc_numa_maps_operations = {
 791        .open           = numa_maps_open,
 792        .read           = seq_read,
 793        .llseek         = seq_lseek,
 794        .release        = seq_release_private,
 795};
 796#endif
 797
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