linux/include/linux/mmzone.h
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   1#ifndef _LINUX_MMZONE_H
   2#define _LINUX_MMZONE_H
   3
   4#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
   5#ifndef __GENERATING_BOUNDS_H
   6
   7#include <linux/spinlock.h>
   8#include <linux/list.h>
   9#include <linux/wait.h>
  10#include <linux/bitops.h>
  11#include <linux/cache.h>
  12#include <linux/threads.h>
  13#include <linux/numa.h>
  14#include <linux/init.h>
  15#include <linux/seqlock.h>
  16#include <linux/nodemask.h>
  17#include <linux/pageblock-flags.h>
  18#include <linux/bounds.h>
  19#include <asm/atomic.h>
  20#include <asm/page.h>
  21
  22/* Free memory management - zoned buddy allocator.  */
  23#ifndef CONFIG_FORCE_MAX_ZONEORDER
  24#define MAX_ORDER 11
  25#else
  26#define MAX_ORDER CONFIG_FORCE_MAX_ZONEORDER
  27#endif
  28#define MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES (1 << (MAX_ORDER - 1))
  29
  30/*
  31 * PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER is the order at which allocations are deemed
  32 * costly to service.  That is between allocation orders which should
  33 * coelesce naturally under reasonable reclaim pressure and those which
  34 * will not.
  35 */
  36#define PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER 3
  37
  38#define MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE     0
  39#define MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE   1
  40#define MIGRATE_MOVABLE       2
  41#define MIGRATE_RESERVE       3
  42#define MIGRATE_ISOLATE       4 /* can't allocate from here */
  43#define MIGRATE_TYPES         5
  44
  45#define for_each_migratetype_order(order, type) \
  46        for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; order++) \
  47                for (type = 0; type < MIGRATE_TYPES; type++)
  48
  49extern int page_group_by_mobility_disabled;
  50
  51static inline int get_pageblock_migratetype(struct page *page)
  52{
  53        if (unlikely(page_group_by_mobility_disabled))
  54                return MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE;
  55
  56        return get_pageblock_flags_group(page, PB_migrate, PB_migrate_end);
  57}
  58
  59struct free_area {
  60        struct list_head        free_list[MIGRATE_TYPES];
  61        unsigned long           nr_free;
  62};
  63
  64struct pglist_data;
  65
  66/*
  67 * zone->lock and zone->lru_lock are two of the hottest locks in the kernel.
  68 * So add a wild amount of padding here to ensure that they fall into separate
  69 * cachelines.  There are very few zone structures in the machine, so space
  70 * consumption is not a concern here.
  71 */
  72#if defined(CONFIG_SMP)
  73struct zone_padding {
  74        char x[0];
  75} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
  76#define ZONE_PADDING(name)      struct zone_padding name;
  77#else
  78#define ZONE_PADDING(name)
  79#endif
  80
  81enum zone_stat_item {
  82        /* First 128 byte cacheline (assuming 64 bit words) */
  83        NR_FREE_PAGES,
  84        NR_LRU_BASE,
  85        NR_INACTIVE_ANON = NR_LRU_BASE, /* must match order of LRU_[IN]ACTIVE */
  86        NR_ACTIVE_ANON,         /*  "     "     "   "       "         */
  87        NR_INACTIVE_FILE,       /*  "     "     "   "       "         */
  88        NR_ACTIVE_FILE,         /*  "     "     "   "       "         */
  89#ifdef CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU
  90        NR_UNEVICTABLE,         /*  "     "     "   "       "         */
  91        NR_MLOCK,               /* mlock()ed pages found and moved off LRU */
  92#else
  93        NR_UNEVICTABLE = NR_ACTIVE_FILE, /* avoid compiler errors in dead code */
  94        NR_MLOCK = NR_ACTIVE_FILE,
  95#endif
  96        NR_ANON_PAGES,  /* Mapped anonymous pages */
  97        NR_FILE_MAPPED, /* pagecache pages mapped into pagetables.
  98                           only modified from process context */
  99        NR_FILE_PAGES,
 100        NR_FILE_DIRTY,
 101        NR_WRITEBACK,
 102        NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE,
 103        NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
 104        NR_PAGETABLE,           /* used for pagetables */
 105        NR_UNSTABLE_NFS,        /* NFS unstable pages */
 106        NR_BOUNCE,
 107        NR_VMSCAN_WRITE,
 108        /* Second 128 byte cacheline */
 109        NR_WRITEBACK_TEMP,      /* Writeback using temporary buffers */
 110#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 111        NUMA_HIT,               /* allocated in intended node */
 112        NUMA_MISS,              /* allocated in non intended node */
 113        NUMA_FOREIGN,           /* was intended here, hit elsewhere */
 114        NUMA_INTERLEAVE_HIT,    /* interleaver preferred this zone */
 115        NUMA_LOCAL,             /* allocation from local node */
 116        NUMA_OTHER,             /* allocation from other node */
 117#endif
 118        NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS };
 119
 120/*
 121 * We do arithmetic on the LRU lists in various places in the code,
 122 * so it is important to keep the active lists LRU_ACTIVE higher in
 123 * the array than the corresponding inactive lists, and to keep
 124 * the *_FILE lists LRU_FILE higher than the corresponding _ANON lists.
 125 *
 126 * This has to be kept in sync with the statistics in zone_stat_item
 127 * above and the descriptions in vmstat_text in mm/vmstat.c
 128 */
 129#define LRU_BASE 0
 130#define LRU_ACTIVE 1
 131#define LRU_FILE 2
 132
 133enum lru_list {
 134        LRU_INACTIVE_ANON = LRU_BASE,
 135        LRU_ACTIVE_ANON = LRU_BASE + LRU_ACTIVE,
 136        LRU_INACTIVE_FILE = LRU_BASE + LRU_FILE,
 137        LRU_ACTIVE_FILE = LRU_BASE + LRU_FILE + LRU_ACTIVE,
 138#ifdef CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU
 139        LRU_UNEVICTABLE,
 140#else
 141        LRU_UNEVICTABLE = LRU_ACTIVE_FILE, /* avoid compiler errors in dead code */
 142#endif
 143        NR_LRU_LISTS
 144};
 145
 146#define for_each_lru(l) for (l = 0; l < NR_LRU_LISTS; l++)
 147
 148#define for_each_evictable_lru(l) for (l = 0; l <= LRU_ACTIVE_FILE; l++)
 149
 150static inline int is_file_lru(enum lru_list l)
 151{
 152        return (l == LRU_INACTIVE_FILE || l == LRU_ACTIVE_FILE);
 153}
 154
 155static inline int is_active_lru(enum lru_list l)
 156{
 157        return (l == LRU_ACTIVE_ANON || l == LRU_ACTIVE_FILE);
 158}
 159
 160static inline int is_unevictable_lru(enum lru_list l)
 161{
 162#ifdef CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU
 163        return (l == LRU_UNEVICTABLE);
 164#else
 165        return 0;
 166#endif
 167}
 168
 169struct per_cpu_pages {
 170        int count;              /* number of pages in the list */
 171        int high;               /* high watermark, emptying needed */
 172        int batch;              /* chunk size for buddy add/remove */
 173        struct list_head list;  /* the list of pages */
 174};
 175
 176struct per_cpu_pageset {
 177        struct per_cpu_pages pcp;
 178#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 179        s8 expire;
 180#endif
 181#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 182        s8 stat_threshold;
 183        s8 vm_stat_diff[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS];
 184#endif
 185} ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
 186
 187#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 188#define zone_pcp(__z, __cpu) ((__z)->pageset[(__cpu)])
 189#else
 190#define zone_pcp(__z, __cpu) (&(__z)->pageset[(__cpu)])
 191#endif
 192
 193#endif /* !__GENERATING_BOUNDS.H */
 194
 195enum zone_type {
 196#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
 197        /*
 198         * ZONE_DMA is used when there are devices that are not able
 199         * to do DMA to all of addressable memory (ZONE_NORMAL). Then we
 200         * carve out the portion of memory that is needed for these devices.
 201         * The range is arch specific.
 202         *
 203         * Some examples
 204         *
 205         * Architecture         Limit
 206         * ---------------------------
 207         * parisc, ia64, sparc  <4G
 208         * s390                 <2G
 209         * arm                  Various
 210         * alpha                Unlimited or 0-16MB.
 211         *
 212         * i386, x86_64 and multiple other arches
 213         *                      <16M.
 214         */
 215        ZONE_DMA,
 216#endif
 217#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
 218        /*
 219         * x86_64 needs two ZONE_DMAs because it supports devices that are
 220         * only able to do DMA to the lower 16M but also 32 bit devices that
 221         * can only do DMA areas below 4G.
 222         */
 223        ZONE_DMA32,
 224#endif
 225        /*
 226         * Normal addressable memory is in ZONE_NORMAL. DMA operations can be
 227         * performed on pages in ZONE_NORMAL if the DMA devices support
 228         * transfers to all addressable memory.
 229         */
 230        ZONE_NORMAL,
 231#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 232        /*
 233         * A memory area that is only addressable by the kernel through
 234         * mapping portions into its own address space. This is for example
 235         * used by i386 to allow the kernel to address the memory beyond
 236         * 900MB. The kernel will set up special mappings (page
 237         * table entries on i386) for each page that the kernel needs to
 238         * access.
 239         */
 240        ZONE_HIGHMEM,
 241#endif
 242        ZONE_MOVABLE,
 243        __MAX_NR_ZONES
 244};
 245
 246#ifndef __GENERATING_BOUNDS_H
 247
 248/*
 249 * When a memory allocation must conform to specific limitations (such
 250 * as being suitable for DMA) the caller will pass in hints to the
 251 * allocator in the gfp_mask, in the zone modifier bits.  These bits
 252 * are used to select a priority ordered list of memory zones which
 253 * match the requested limits. See gfp_zone() in include/linux/gfp.h
 254 */
 255
 256#if MAX_NR_ZONES < 2
 257#define ZONES_SHIFT 0
 258#elif MAX_NR_ZONES <= 2
 259#define ZONES_SHIFT 1
 260#elif MAX_NR_ZONES <= 4
 261#define ZONES_SHIFT 2
 262#else
 263#error ZONES_SHIFT -- too many zones configured adjust calculation
 264#endif
 265
 266struct zone_reclaim_stat {
 267        /*
 268         * The pageout code in vmscan.c keeps track of how many of the
 269         * mem/swap backed and file backed pages are refeferenced.
 270         * The higher the rotated/scanned ratio, the more valuable
 271         * that cache is.
 272         *
 273         * The anon LRU stats live in [0], file LRU stats in [1]
 274         */
 275        unsigned long           recent_rotated[2];
 276        unsigned long           recent_scanned[2];
 277};
 278
 279struct zone {
 280        /* Fields commonly accessed by the page allocator */
 281        unsigned long           pages_min, pages_low, pages_high;
 282        /*
 283         * We don't know if the memory that we're going to allocate will be freeable
 284         * or/and it will be released eventually, so to avoid totally wasting several
 285         * GB of ram we must reserve some of the lower zone memory (otherwise we risk
 286         * to run OOM on the lower zones despite there's tons of freeable ram
 287         * on the higher zones). This array is recalculated at runtime if the
 288         * sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio sysctl changes.
 289         */
 290        unsigned long           lowmem_reserve[MAX_NR_ZONES];
 291
 292#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 293        int node;
 294        /*
 295         * zone reclaim becomes active if more unmapped pages exist.
 296         */
 297        unsigned long           min_unmapped_pages;
 298        unsigned long           min_slab_pages;
 299        struct per_cpu_pageset  *pageset[NR_CPUS];
 300#else
 301        struct per_cpu_pageset  pageset[NR_CPUS];
 302#endif
 303        /*
 304         * free areas of different sizes
 305         */
 306        spinlock_t              lock;
 307#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 308        /* see spanned/present_pages for more description */
 309        seqlock_t               span_seqlock;
 310#endif
 311        struct free_area        free_area[MAX_ORDER];
 312
 313#ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
 314        /*
 315         * Flags for a pageblock_nr_pages block. See pageblock-flags.h.
 316         * In SPARSEMEM, this map is stored in struct mem_section
 317         */
 318        unsigned long           *pageblock_flags;
 319#endif /* CONFIG_SPARSEMEM */
 320
 321
 322        ZONE_PADDING(_pad1_)
 323
 324        /* Fields commonly accessed by the page reclaim scanner */
 325        spinlock_t              lru_lock;       
 326        struct {
 327                struct list_head list;
 328                unsigned long nr_scan;
 329        } lru[NR_LRU_LISTS];
 330
 331        struct zone_reclaim_stat reclaim_stat;
 332
 333        unsigned long           pages_scanned;     /* since last reclaim */
 334        unsigned long           flags;             /* zone flags, see below */
 335
 336        /* Zone statistics */
 337        atomic_long_t           vm_stat[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS];
 338
 339        /*
 340         * prev_priority holds the scanning priority for this zone.  It is
 341         * defined as the scanning priority at which we achieved our reclaim
 342         * target at the previous try_to_free_pages() or balance_pgdat()
 343         * invokation.
 344         *
 345         * We use prev_priority as a measure of how much stress page reclaim is
 346         * under - it drives the swappiness decision: whether to unmap mapped
 347         * pages.
 348         *
 349         * Access to both this field is quite racy even on uniprocessor.  But
 350         * it is expected to average out OK.
 351         */
 352        int prev_priority;
 353
 354        /*
 355         * The target ratio of ACTIVE_ANON to INACTIVE_ANON pages on
 356         * this zone's LRU.  Maintained by the pageout code.
 357         */
 358        unsigned int inactive_ratio;
 359
 360
 361        ZONE_PADDING(_pad2_)
 362        /* Rarely used or read-mostly fields */
 363
 364        /*
 365         * wait_table           -- the array holding the hash table
 366         * wait_table_hash_nr_entries   -- the size of the hash table array
 367         * wait_table_bits      -- wait_table_size == (1 << wait_table_bits)
 368         *
 369         * The purpose of all these is to keep track of the people
 370         * waiting for a page to become available and make them
 371         * runnable again when possible. The trouble is that this
 372         * consumes a lot of space, especially when so few things
 373         * wait on pages at a given time. So instead of using
 374         * per-page waitqueues, we use a waitqueue hash table.
 375         *
 376         * The bucket discipline is to sleep on the same queue when
 377         * colliding and wake all in that wait queue when removing.
 378         * When something wakes, it must check to be sure its page is
 379         * truly available, a la thundering herd. The cost of a
 380         * collision is great, but given the expected load of the
 381         * table, they should be so rare as to be outweighed by the
 382         * benefits from the saved space.
 383         *
 384         * __wait_on_page_locked() and unlock_page() in mm/filemap.c, are the
 385         * primary users of these fields, and in mm/page_alloc.c
 386         * free_area_init_core() performs the initialization of them.
 387         */
 388        wait_queue_head_t       * wait_table;
 389        unsigned long           wait_table_hash_nr_entries;
 390        unsigned long           wait_table_bits;
 391
 392        /*
 393         * Discontig memory support fields.
 394         */
 395        struct pglist_data      *zone_pgdat;
 396        /* zone_start_pfn == zone_start_paddr >> PAGE_SHIFT */
 397        unsigned long           zone_start_pfn;
 398
 399        /*
 400         * zone_start_pfn, spanned_pages and present_pages are all
 401         * protected by span_seqlock.  It is a seqlock because it has
 402         * to be read outside of zone->lock, and it is done in the main
 403         * allocator path.  But, it is written quite infrequently.
 404         *
 405         * The lock is declared along with zone->lock because it is
 406         * frequently read in proximity to zone->lock.  It's good to
 407         * give them a chance of being in the same cacheline.
 408         */
 409        unsigned long           spanned_pages;  /* total size, including holes */
 410        unsigned long           present_pages;  /* amount of memory (excluding holes) */
 411
 412        /*
 413         * rarely used fields:
 414         */
 415        const char              *name;
 416} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
 417
 418typedef enum {
 419        ZONE_ALL_UNRECLAIMABLE,         /* all pages pinned */
 420        ZONE_RECLAIM_LOCKED,            /* prevents concurrent reclaim */
 421        ZONE_OOM_LOCKED,                /* zone is in OOM killer zonelist */
 422} zone_flags_t;
 423
 424static inline void zone_set_flag(struct zone *zone, zone_flags_t flag)
 425{
 426        set_bit(flag, &zone->flags);
 427}
 428
 429static inline int zone_test_and_set_flag(struct zone *zone, zone_flags_t flag)
 430{
 431        return test_and_set_bit(flag, &zone->flags);
 432}
 433
 434static inline void zone_clear_flag(struct zone *zone, zone_flags_t flag)
 435{
 436        clear_bit(flag, &zone->flags);
 437}
 438
 439static inline int zone_is_all_unreclaimable(const struct zone *zone)
 440{
 441        return test_bit(ZONE_ALL_UNRECLAIMABLE, &zone->flags);
 442}
 443
 444static inline int zone_is_reclaim_locked(const struct zone *zone)
 445{
 446        return test_bit(ZONE_RECLAIM_LOCKED, &zone->flags);
 447}
 448
 449static inline int zone_is_oom_locked(const struct zone *zone)
 450{
 451        return test_bit(ZONE_OOM_LOCKED, &zone->flags);
 452}
 453
 454/*
 455 * The "priority" of VM scanning is how much of the queues we will scan in one
 456 * go. A value of 12 for DEF_PRIORITY implies that we will scan 1/4096th of the
 457 * queues ("queue_length >> 12") during an aging round.
 458 */
 459#define DEF_PRIORITY 12
 460
 461/* Maximum number of zones on a zonelist */
 462#define MAX_ZONES_PER_ZONELIST (MAX_NUMNODES * MAX_NR_ZONES)
 463
 464#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 465
 466/*
 467 * The NUMA zonelists are doubled becausse we need zonelists that restrict the
 468 * allocations to a single node for GFP_THISNODE.
 469 *
 470 * [0]  : Zonelist with fallback
 471 * [1]  : No fallback (GFP_THISNODE)
 472 */
 473#define MAX_ZONELISTS 2
 474
 475
 476/*
 477 * We cache key information from each zonelist for smaller cache
 478 * footprint when scanning for free pages in get_page_from_freelist().
 479 *
 480 * 1) The BITMAP fullzones tracks which zones in a zonelist have come
 481 *    up short of free memory since the last time (last_fullzone_zap)
 482 *    we zero'd fullzones.
 483 * 2) The array z_to_n[] maps each zone in the zonelist to its node
 484 *    id, so that we can efficiently evaluate whether that node is
 485 *    set in the current tasks mems_allowed.
 486 *
 487 * Both fullzones and z_to_n[] are one-to-one with the zonelist,
 488 * indexed by a zones offset in the zonelist zones[] array.
 489 *
 490 * The get_page_from_freelist() routine does two scans.  During the
 491 * first scan, we skip zones whose corresponding bit in 'fullzones'
 492 * is set or whose corresponding node in current->mems_allowed (which
 493 * comes from cpusets) is not set.  During the second scan, we bypass
 494 * this zonelist_cache, to ensure we look methodically at each zone.
 495 *
 496 * Once per second, we zero out (zap) fullzones, forcing us to
 497 * reconsider nodes that might have regained more free memory.
 498 * The field last_full_zap is the time we last zapped fullzones.
 499 *
 500 * This mechanism reduces the amount of time we waste repeatedly
 501 * reexaming zones for free memory when they just came up low on
 502 * memory momentarilly ago.
 503 *
 504 * The zonelist_cache struct members logically belong in struct
 505 * zonelist.  However, the mempolicy zonelists constructed for
 506 * MPOL_BIND are intentionally variable length (and usually much
 507 * shorter).  A general purpose mechanism for handling structs with
 508 * multiple variable length members is more mechanism than we want
 509 * here.  We resort to some special case hackery instead.
 510 *
 511 * The MPOL_BIND zonelists don't need this zonelist_cache (in good
 512 * part because they are shorter), so we put the fixed length stuff
 513 * at the front of the zonelist struct, ending in a variable length
 514 * zones[], as is needed by MPOL_BIND.
 515 *
 516 * Then we put the optional zonelist cache on the end of the zonelist
 517 * struct.  This optional stuff is found by a 'zlcache_ptr' pointer in
 518 * the fixed length portion at the front of the struct.  This pointer
 519 * both enables us to find the zonelist cache, and in the case of
 520 * MPOL_BIND zonelists, (which will just set the zlcache_ptr to NULL)
 521 * to know that the zonelist cache is not there.
 522 *
 523 * The end result is that struct zonelists come in two flavors:
 524 *  1) The full, fixed length version, shown below, and
 525 *  2) The custom zonelists for MPOL_BIND.
 526 * The custom MPOL_BIND zonelists have a NULL zlcache_ptr and no zlcache.
 527 *
 528 * Even though there may be multiple CPU cores on a node modifying
 529 * fullzones or last_full_zap in the same zonelist_cache at the same
 530 * time, we don't lock it.  This is just hint data - if it is wrong now
 531 * and then, the allocator will still function, perhaps a bit slower.
 532 */
 533
 534
 535struct zonelist_cache {
 536        unsigned short z_to_n[MAX_ZONES_PER_ZONELIST];          /* zone->nid */
 537        DECLARE_BITMAP(fullzones, MAX_ZONES_PER_ZONELIST);      /* zone full? */
 538        unsigned long last_full_zap;            /* when last zap'd (jiffies) */
 539};
 540#else
 541#define MAX_ZONELISTS 1
 542struct zonelist_cache;
 543#endif
 544
 545/*
 546 * This struct contains information about a zone in a zonelist. It is stored
 547 * here to avoid dereferences into large structures and lookups of tables
 548 */
 549struct zoneref {
 550        struct zone *zone;      /* Pointer to actual zone */
 551        int zone_idx;           /* zone_idx(zoneref->zone) */
 552};
 553
 554/*
 555 * One allocation request operates on a zonelist. A zonelist
 556 * is a list of zones, the first one is the 'goal' of the
 557 * allocation, the other zones are fallback zones, in decreasing
 558 * priority.
 559 *
 560 * If zlcache_ptr is not NULL, then it is just the address of zlcache,
 561 * as explained above.  If zlcache_ptr is NULL, there is no zlcache.
 562 * *
 563 * To speed the reading of the zonelist, the zonerefs contain the zone index
 564 * of the entry being read. Helper functions to access information given
 565 * a struct zoneref are
 566 *
 567 * zonelist_zone()      - Return the struct zone * for an entry in _zonerefs
 568 * zonelist_zone_idx()  - Return the index of the zone for an entry
 569 * zonelist_node_idx()  - Return the index of the node for an entry
 570 */
 571struct zonelist {
 572        struct zonelist_cache *zlcache_ptr;                  // NULL or &zlcache
 573        struct zoneref _zonerefs[MAX_ZONES_PER_ZONELIST + 1];
 574#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 575        struct zonelist_cache zlcache;                       // optional ...
 576#endif
 577};
 578
 579#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP
 580struct node_active_region {
 581        unsigned long start_pfn;
 582        unsigned long end_pfn;
 583        int nid;
 584};
 585#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP */
 586
 587#ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
 588/* The array of struct pages - for discontigmem use pgdat->lmem_map */
 589extern struct page *mem_map;
 590#endif
 591
 592/*
 593 * The pg_data_t structure is used in machines with CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
 594 * (mostly NUMA machines?) to denote a higher-level memory zone than the
 595 * zone denotes.
 596 *
 597 * On NUMA machines, each NUMA node would have a pg_data_t to describe
 598 * it's memory layout.
 599 *
 600 * Memory statistics and page replacement data structures are maintained on a
 601 * per-zone basis.
 602 */
 603struct bootmem_data;
 604typedef struct pglist_data {
 605        struct zone node_zones[MAX_NR_ZONES];
 606        struct zonelist node_zonelists[MAX_ZONELISTS];
 607        int nr_zones;
 608#ifdef CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP /* means !SPARSEMEM */
 609        struct page *node_mem_map;
 610#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
 611        struct page_cgroup *node_page_cgroup;
 612#endif
 613#endif
 614        struct bootmem_data *bdata;
 615#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 616        /*
 617         * Must be held any time you expect node_start_pfn, node_present_pages
 618         * or node_spanned_pages stay constant.  Holding this will also
 619         * guarantee that any pfn_valid() stays that way.
 620         *
 621         * Nests above zone->lock and zone->size_seqlock.
 622         */
 623        spinlock_t node_size_lock;
 624#endif
 625        unsigned long node_start_pfn;
 626        unsigned long node_present_pages; /* total number of physical pages */
 627        unsigned long node_spanned_pages; /* total size of physical page
 628                                             range, including holes */
 629        int node_id;
 630        wait_queue_head_t kswapd_wait;
 631        struct task_struct *kswapd;
 632        int kswapd_max_order;
 633} pg_data_t;
 634
 635#define node_present_pages(nid) (NODE_DATA(nid)->node_present_pages)
 636#define node_spanned_pages(nid) (NODE_DATA(nid)->node_spanned_pages)
 637#ifdef CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
 638#define pgdat_page_nr(pgdat, pagenr)    ((pgdat)->node_mem_map + (pagenr))
 639#else
 640#define pgdat_page_nr(pgdat, pagenr)    pfn_to_page((pgdat)->node_start_pfn + (pagenr))
 641#endif
 642#define nid_page_nr(nid, pagenr)        pgdat_page_nr(NODE_DATA(nid),(pagenr))
 643
 644#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
 645
 646void get_zone_counts(unsigned long *active, unsigned long *inactive,
 647                        unsigned long *free);
 648void build_all_zonelists(void);
 649void wakeup_kswapd(struct zone *zone, int order);
 650int zone_watermark_ok(struct zone *z, int order, unsigned long mark,
 651                int classzone_idx, int alloc_flags);
 652enum memmap_context {
 653        MEMMAP_EARLY,
 654        MEMMAP_HOTPLUG,
 655};
 656extern int init_currently_empty_zone(struct zone *zone, unsigned long start_pfn,
 657                                     unsigned long size,
 658                                     enum memmap_context context);
 659
 660#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_MEMORY_PRESENT
 661void memory_present(int nid, unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
 662#else
 663static inline void memory_present(int nid, unsigned long start, unsigned long end) {}
 664#endif
 665
 666#ifdef CONFIG_NEED_NODE_MEMMAP_SIZE
 667unsigned long __init node_memmap_size_bytes(int, unsigned long, unsigned long);
 668#endif
 669
 670/*
 671 * zone_idx() returns 0 for the ZONE_DMA zone, 1 for the ZONE_NORMAL zone, etc.
 672 */
 673#define zone_idx(zone)          ((zone) - (zone)->zone_pgdat->node_zones)
 674
 675static inline int populated_zone(struct zone *zone)
 676{
 677        return (!!zone->present_pages);
 678}
 679
 680extern int movable_zone;
 681
 682static inline int zone_movable_is_highmem(void)
 683{
 684#if defined(CONFIG_HIGHMEM) && defined(CONFIG_ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP)
 685        return movable_zone == ZONE_HIGHMEM;
 686#else
 687        return 0;
 688#endif
 689}
 690
 691static inline int is_highmem_idx(enum zone_type idx)
 692{
 693#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 694        return (idx == ZONE_HIGHMEM ||
 695                (idx == ZONE_MOVABLE && zone_movable_is_highmem()));
 696#else
 697        return 0;
 698#endif
 699}
 700
 701static inline int is_normal_idx(enum zone_type idx)
 702{
 703        return (idx == ZONE_NORMAL);
 704}
 705
 706/**
 707 * is_highmem - helper function to quickly check if a struct zone is a 
 708 *              highmem zone or not.  This is an attempt to keep references
 709 *              to ZONE_{DMA/NORMAL/HIGHMEM/etc} in general code to a minimum.
 710 * @zone - pointer to struct zone variable
 711 */
 712static inline int is_highmem(struct zone *zone)
 713{
 714#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 715        int zone_off = (char *)zone - (char *)zone->zone_pgdat->node_zones;
 716        return zone_off == ZONE_HIGHMEM * sizeof(*zone) ||
 717               (zone_off == ZONE_MOVABLE * sizeof(*zone) &&
 718                zone_movable_is_highmem());
 719#else
 720        return 0;
 721#endif
 722}
 723
 724static inline int is_normal(struct zone *zone)
 725{
 726        return zone == zone->zone_pgdat->node_zones + ZONE_NORMAL;
 727}
 728
 729static inline int is_dma32(struct zone *zone)
 730{
 731#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
 732        return zone == zone->zone_pgdat->node_zones + ZONE_DMA32;
 733#else
 734        return 0;
 735#endif
 736}
 737
 738static inline int is_dma(struct zone *zone)
 739{
 740#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
 741        return zone == zone->zone_pgdat->node_zones + ZONE_DMA;
 742#else
 743        return 0;
 744#endif
 745}
 746
 747/* These two functions are used to setup the per zone pages min values */
 748struct ctl_table;
 749struct file;
 750int min_free_kbytes_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int, struct file *, 
 751                                        void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
 752extern int sysctl_lowmem_reserve_ratio[MAX_NR_ZONES-1];
 753int lowmem_reserve_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int, struct file *,
 754                                        void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
 755int percpu_pagelist_fraction_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int, struct file *,
 756                                        void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
 757int sysctl_min_unmapped_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
 758                        struct file *, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
 759int sysctl_min_slab_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
 760                        struct file *, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
 761
 762extern int numa_zonelist_order_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
 763                        struct file *, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
 764extern char numa_zonelist_order[];
 765#define NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN 16      /* string buffer size */
 766
 767#ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
 768
 769extern struct pglist_data contig_page_data;
 770#define NODE_DATA(nid)          (&contig_page_data)
 771#define NODE_MEM_MAP(nid)       mem_map
 772
 773#else /* CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
 774
 775#include <asm/mmzone.h>
 776
 777#endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
 778
 779extern struct pglist_data *first_online_pgdat(void);
 780extern struct pglist_data *next_online_pgdat(struct pglist_data *pgdat);
 781extern struct zone *next_zone(struct zone *zone);
 782
 783/**
 784 * for_each_online_pgdat - helper macro to iterate over all online nodes
 785 * @pgdat - pointer to a pg_data_t variable
 786 */
 787#define for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat)                    \
 788        for (pgdat = first_online_pgdat();              \
 789             pgdat;                                     \
 790             pgdat = next_online_pgdat(pgdat))
 791/**
 792 * for_each_zone - helper macro to iterate over all memory zones
 793 * @zone - pointer to struct zone variable
 794 *
 795 * The user only needs to declare the zone variable, for_each_zone
 796 * fills it in.
 797 */
 798#define for_each_zone(zone)                             \
 799        for (zone = (first_online_pgdat())->node_zones; \
 800             zone;                                      \
 801             zone = next_zone(zone))
 802
 803#define for_each_populated_zone(zone)                   \
 804        for (zone = (first_online_pgdat())->node_zones; \
 805             zone;                                      \
 806             zone = next_zone(zone))                    \
 807                if (!populated_zone(zone))              \
 808                        ; /* do nothing */              \
 809                else
 810
 811static inline struct zone *zonelist_zone(struct zoneref *zoneref)
 812{
 813        return zoneref->zone;
 814}
 815
 816static inline int zonelist_zone_idx(struct zoneref *zoneref)
 817{
 818        return zoneref->zone_idx;
 819}
 820
 821static inline int zonelist_node_idx(struct zoneref *zoneref)
 822{
 823#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 824        /* zone_to_nid not available in this context */
 825        return zoneref->zone->node;
 826#else
 827        return 0;
 828#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
 829}
 830
 831/**
 832 * next_zones_zonelist - Returns the next zone at or below highest_zoneidx within the allowed nodemask using a cursor within a zonelist as a starting point
 833 * @z - The cursor used as a starting point for the search
 834 * @highest_zoneidx - The zone index of the highest zone to return
 835 * @nodes - An optional nodemask to filter the zonelist with
 836 * @zone - The first suitable zone found is returned via this parameter
 837 *
 838 * This function returns the next zone at or below a given zone index that is
 839 * within the allowed nodemask using a cursor as the starting point for the
 840 * search. The zoneref returned is a cursor that represents the current zone
 841 * being examined. It should be advanced by one before calling
 842 * next_zones_zonelist again.
 843 */
 844struct zoneref *next_zones_zonelist(struct zoneref *z,
 845                                        enum zone_type highest_zoneidx,
 846                                        nodemask_t *nodes,
 847                                        struct zone **zone);
 848
 849/**
 850 * first_zones_zonelist - Returns the first zone at or below highest_zoneidx within the allowed nodemask in a zonelist
 851 * @zonelist - The zonelist to search for a suitable zone
 852 * @highest_zoneidx - The zone index of the highest zone to return
 853 * @nodes - An optional nodemask to filter the zonelist with
 854 * @zone - The first suitable zone found is returned via this parameter
 855 *
 856 * This function returns the first zone at or below a given zone index that is
 857 * within the allowed nodemask. The zoneref returned is a cursor that can be
 858 * used to iterate the zonelist with next_zones_zonelist by advancing it by
 859 * one before calling.
 860 */
 861static inline struct zoneref *first_zones_zonelist(struct zonelist *zonelist,
 862                                        enum zone_type highest_zoneidx,
 863                                        nodemask_t *nodes,
 864                                        struct zone **zone)
 865{
 866        return next_zones_zonelist(zonelist->_zonerefs, highest_zoneidx, nodes,
 867                                                                zone);
 868}
 869
 870/**
 871 * for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask - helper macro to iterate over valid zones in a zonelist at or below a given zone index and within a nodemask
 872 * @zone - The current zone in the iterator
 873 * @z - The current pointer within zonelist->zones being iterated
 874 * @zlist - The zonelist being iterated
 875 * @highidx - The zone index of the highest zone to return
 876 * @nodemask - Nodemask allowed by the allocator
 877 *
 878 * This iterator iterates though all zones at or below a given zone index and
 879 * within a given nodemask
 880 */
 881#define for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone, z, zlist, highidx, nodemask) \
 882        for (z = first_zones_zonelist(zlist, highidx, nodemask, &zone); \
 883                zone;                                                   \
 884                z = next_zones_zonelist(++z, highidx, nodemask, &zone)) \
 885
 886/**
 887 * for_each_zone_zonelist - helper macro to iterate over valid zones in a zonelist at or below a given zone index
 888 * @zone - The current zone in the iterator
 889 * @z - The current pointer within zonelist->zones being iterated
 890 * @zlist - The zonelist being iterated
 891 * @highidx - The zone index of the highest zone to return
 892 *
 893 * This iterator iterates though all zones at or below a given zone index.
 894 */
 895#define for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zlist, highidx) \
 896        for_each_zone_zonelist_nodemask(zone, z, zlist, highidx, NULL)
 897
 898#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
 899#include <asm/sparsemem.h>
 900#endif
 901
 902#if !defined(CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_EARLY_PFN_TO_NID) && \
 903        !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_POPULATES_NODE_MAP)
 904static inline unsigned long early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn)
 905{
 906        return 0;
 907}
 908#endif
 909
 910#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
 911#define pfn_to_nid(pfn)         (0)
 912#endif
 913
 914#define pfn_to_section_nr(pfn) ((pfn) >> PFN_SECTION_SHIFT)
 915#define section_nr_to_pfn(sec) ((sec) << PFN_SECTION_SHIFT)
 916
 917#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
 918
 919/*
 920 * SECTION_SHIFT                #bits space required to store a section #
 921 *
 922 * PA_SECTION_SHIFT             physical address to/from section number
 923 * PFN_SECTION_SHIFT            pfn to/from section number
 924 */
 925#define SECTIONS_SHIFT          (MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS - SECTION_SIZE_BITS)
 926
 927#define PA_SECTION_SHIFT        (SECTION_SIZE_BITS)
 928#define PFN_SECTION_SHIFT       (SECTION_SIZE_BITS - PAGE_SHIFT)
 929
 930#define NR_MEM_SECTIONS         (1UL << SECTIONS_SHIFT)
 931
 932#define PAGES_PER_SECTION       (1UL << PFN_SECTION_SHIFT)
 933#define PAGE_SECTION_MASK       (~(PAGES_PER_SECTION-1))
 934
 935#define SECTION_BLOCKFLAGS_BITS \
 936        ((1UL << (PFN_SECTION_SHIFT - pageblock_order)) * NR_PAGEBLOCK_BITS)
 937
 938#if (MAX_ORDER - 1 + PAGE_SHIFT) > SECTION_SIZE_BITS
 939#error Allocator MAX_ORDER exceeds SECTION_SIZE
 940#endif
 941
 942struct page;
 943struct page_cgroup;
 944struct mem_section {
 945        /*
 946         * This is, logically, a pointer to an array of struct
 947         * pages.  However, it is stored with some other magic.
 948         * (see sparse.c::sparse_init_one_section())
 949         *
 950         * Additionally during early boot we encode node id of
 951         * the location of the section here to guide allocation.
 952         * (see sparse.c::memory_present())
 953         *
 954         * Making it a UL at least makes someone do a cast
 955         * before using it wrong.
 956         */
 957        unsigned long section_mem_map;
 958
 959        /* See declaration of similar field in struct zone */
 960        unsigned long *pageblock_flags;
 961#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
 962        /*
 963         * If !SPARSEMEM, pgdat doesn't have page_cgroup pointer. We use
 964         * section. (see memcontrol.h/page_cgroup.h about this.)
 965         */
 966        struct page_cgroup *page_cgroup;
 967        unsigned long pad;
 968#endif
 969};
 970
 971#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
 972#define SECTIONS_PER_ROOT       (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof (struct mem_section))
 973#else
 974#define SECTIONS_PER_ROOT       1
 975#endif
 976
 977#define SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(sec) ((sec) / SECTIONS_PER_ROOT)
 978#define NR_SECTION_ROOTS        (NR_MEM_SECTIONS / SECTIONS_PER_ROOT)
 979#define SECTION_ROOT_MASK       (SECTIONS_PER_ROOT - 1)
 980
 981#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_EXTREME
 982extern struct mem_section *mem_section[NR_SECTION_ROOTS];
 983#else
 984extern struct mem_section mem_section[NR_SECTION_ROOTS][SECTIONS_PER_ROOT];
 985#endif
 986
 987static inline struct mem_section *__nr_to_section(unsigned long nr)
 988{
 989        if (!mem_section[SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(nr)])
 990                return NULL;
 991        return &mem_section[SECTION_NR_TO_ROOT(nr)][nr & SECTION_ROOT_MASK];
 992}
 993extern int __section_nr(struct mem_section* ms);
 994extern unsigned long usemap_size(void);
 995
 996/*
 997 * We use the lower bits of the mem_map pointer to store
 998 * a little bit of information.  There should be at least
 999 * 3 bits here due to 32-bit alignment.
1000 */
1001#define SECTION_MARKED_PRESENT  (1UL<<0)
1002#define SECTION_HAS_MEM_MAP     (1UL<<1)
1003#define SECTION_MAP_LAST_BIT    (1UL<<2)
1004#define SECTION_MAP_MASK        (~(SECTION_MAP_LAST_BIT-1))
1005#define SECTION_NID_SHIFT       2
1006
1007static inline struct page *__section_mem_map_addr(struct mem_section *section)
1008{
1009        unsigned long map = section->section_mem_map;
1010        map &= SECTION_MAP_MASK;
1011        return (struct page *)map;
1012}
1013
1014static inline int present_section(struct mem_section *section)
1015{
1016        return (section && (section->section_mem_map & SECTION_MARKED_PRESENT));
1017}
1018
1019static inline int present_section_nr(unsigned long nr)
1020{
1021        return present_section(__nr_to_section(nr));
1022}
1023
1024static inline int valid_section(struct mem_section *section)
1025{
1026        return (section && (section->section_mem_map & SECTION_HAS_MEM_MAP));
1027}
1028
1029static inline int valid_section_nr(unsigned long nr)
1030{
1031        return valid_section(__nr_to_section(nr));
1032}
1033
1034static inline struct mem_section *__pfn_to_section(unsigned long pfn)
1035{
1036        return __nr_to_section(pfn_to_section_nr(pfn));
1037}
1038
1039static inline int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn)
1040{
1041        if (pfn_to_section_nr(pfn) >= NR_MEM_SECTIONS)
1042                return 0;
1043        return valid_section(__nr_to_section(pfn_to_section_nr(pfn)));
1044}
1045
1046static inline int pfn_present(unsigned long pfn)
1047{
1048        if (pfn_to_section_nr(pfn) >= NR_MEM_SECTIONS)
1049                return 0;
1050        return present_section(__nr_to_section(pfn_to_section_nr(pfn)));
1051}
1052
1053/*
1054 * These are _only_ used during initialisation, therefore they
1055 * can use __initdata ...  They could have names to indicate
1056 * this restriction.
1057 */
1058#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1059#define pfn_to_nid(pfn)                                                 \
1060({                                                                      \
1061        unsigned long __pfn_to_nid_pfn = (pfn);                         \
1062        page_to_nid(pfn_to_page(__pfn_to_nid_pfn));                     \
1063})
1064#else
1065#define pfn_to_nid(pfn)         (0)
1066#endif
1067
1068#define early_pfn_valid(pfn)    pfn_valid(pfn)
1069void sparse_init(void);
1070#else
1071#define sparse_init()   do {} while (0)
1072#define sparse_index_init(_sec, _nid)  do {} while (0)
1073#endif /* CONFIG_SPARSEMEM */
1074
1075#ifdef CONFIG_NODES_SPAN_OTHER_NODES
1076bool early_pfn_in_nid(unsigned long pfn, int nid);
1077#else
1078#define early_pfn_in_nid(pfn, nid)      (1)
1079#endif
1080
1081#ifndef early_pfn_valid
1082#define early_pfn_valid(pfn)    (1)
1083#endif
1084
1085void memory_present(int nid, unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
1086unsigned long __init node_memmap_size_bytes(int, unsigned long, unsigned long);
1087
1088/*
1089 * If it is possible to have holes within a MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES, then we
1090 * need to check pfn validility within that MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES block.
1091 * pfn_valid_within() should be used in this case; we optimise this away
1092 * when we have no holes within a MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES block.
1093 */
1094#ifdef CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE
1095#define pfn_valid_within(pfn) pfn_valid(pfn)
1096#else
1097#define pfn_valid_within(pfn) (1)
1098#endif
1099
1100#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_HOLES_MEMORYMODEL
1101/*
1102 * pfn_valid() is meant to be able to tell if a given PFN has valid memmap
1103 * associated with it or not. In FLATMEM, it is expected that holes always
1104 * have valid memmap as long as there is valid PFNs either side of the hole.
1105 * In SPARSEMEM, it is assumed that a valid section has a memmap for the
1106 * entire section.
1107 *
1108 * However, an ARM, and maybe other embedded architectures in the future
1109 * free memmap backing holes to save memory on the assumption the memmap is
1110 * never used. The page_zone linkages are then broken even though pfn_valid()
1111 * returns true. A walker of the full memmap must then do this additional
1112 * check to ensure the memmap they are looking at is sane by making sure
1113 * the zone and PFN linkages are still valid. This is expensive, but walkers
1114 * of the full memmap are extremely rare.
1115 */
1116int memmap_valid_within(unsigned long pfn,
1117                                        struct page *page, struct zone *zone);
1118#else
1119static inline int memmap_valid_within(unsigned long pfn,
1120                                        struct page *page, struct zone *zone)
1121{
1122        return 1;
1123}
1124#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_HOLES_MEMORYMODEL */
1125
1126#endif /* !__GENERATING_BOUNDS.H */
1127#endif /* !__ASSEMBLY__ */
1128#endif /* _LINUX_MMZONE_H */
1129
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