linux/arch/x86/mm/init_64.c
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   1/*
   2 *  linux/arch/x86_64/mm/init.c
   3 *
   4 *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
   5 *  Copyright (C) 2000  Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
   6 *  Copyright (C) 2002,2003 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
   7 */
   8
   9#include <linux/signal.h>
  10#include <linux/sched.h>
  11#include <linux/kernel.h>
  12#include <linux/errno.h>
  13#include <linux/string.h>
  14#include <linux/types.h>
  15#include <linux/ptrace.h>
  16#include <linux/mman.h>
  17#include <linux/mm.h>
  18#include <linux/swap.h>
  19#include <linux/smp.h>
  20#include <linux/init.h>
  21#include <linux/initrd.h>
  22#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  23#include <linux/bootmem.h>
  24#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  25#include <linux/pci.h>
  26#include <linux/pfn.h>
  27#include <linux/poison.h>
  28#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
  29#include <linux/module.h>
  30#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
  31#include <linux/nmi.h>
  32
  33#include <asm/processor.h>
  34#include <asm/system.h>
  35#include <asm/uaccess.h>
  36#include <asm/pgtable.h>
  37#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
  38#include <asm/dma.h>
  39#include <asm/fixmap.h>
  40#include <asm/e820.h>
  41#include <asm/apic.h>
  42#include <asm/tlb.h>
  43#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
  44#include <asm/proto.h>
  45#include <asm/smp.h>
  46#include <asm/sections.h>
  47#include <asm/kdebug.h>
  48#include <asm/numa.h>
  49#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  50
  51/*
  52 * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
  53 * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
  54 * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
  55 */
  56unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
  57unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
  58
  59static unsigned long dma_reserve __initdata;
  60
  61DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mmu_gather, mmu_gathers);
  62
  63int direct_gbpages
  64#ifdef CONFIG_DIRECT_GBPAGES
  65                                = 1
  66#endif
  67;
  68
  69static int __init parse_direct_gbpages_off(char *arg)
  70{
  71        direct_gbpages = 0;
  72        return 0;
  73}
  74early_param("nogbpages", parse_direct_gbpages_off);
  75
  76static int __init parse_direct_gbpages_on(char *arg)
  77{
  78        direct_gbpages = 1;
  79        return 0;
  80}
  81early_param("gbpages", parse_direct_gbpages_on);
  82
  83/*
  84 * NOTE: pagetable_init alloc all the fixmap pagetables contiguous on the
  85 * physical space so we can cache the place of the first one and move
  86 * around without checking the pgd every time.
  87 */
  88
  89int after_bootmem;
  90
  91/*
  92 * NOTE: This function is marked __ref because it calls __init function
  93 * (alloc_bootmem_pages). It's safe to do it ONLY when after_bootmem == 0.
  94 */
  95static __ref void *spp_getpage(void)
  96{
  97        void *ptr;
  98
  99        if (after_bootmem)
 100                ptr = (void *) get_zeroed_page(GFP_ATOMIC);
 101        else
 102                ptr = alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
 103
 104        if (!ptr || ((unsigned long)ptr & ~PAGE_MASK)) {
 105                panic("set_pte_phys: cannot allocate page data %s\n",
 106                        after_bootmem ? "after bootmem" : "");
 107        }
 108
 109        pr_debug("spp_getpage %p\n", ptr);
 110
 111        return ptr;
 112}
 113
 114void
 115set_pte_vaddr_pud(pud_t *pud_page, unsigned long vaddr, pte_t new_pte)
 116{
 117        pud_t *pud;
 118        pmd_t *pmd;
 119        pte_t *pte;
 120
 121        pud = pud_page + pud_index(vaddr);
 122        if (pud_none(*pud)) {
 123                pmd = (pmd_t *) spp_getpage();
 124                pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, pmd);
 125                if (pmd != pmd_offset(pud, 0)) {
 126                        printk(KERN_ERR "PAGETABLE BUG #01! %p <-> %p\n",
 127                                pmd, pmd_offset(pud, 0));
 128                        return;
 129                }
 130        }
 131        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
 132        if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
 133                pte = (pte_t *) spp_getpage();
 134                pmd_populate_kernel(&init_mm, pmd, pte);
 135                if (pte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0)) {
 136                        printk(KERN_ERR "PAGETABLE BUG #02!\n");
 137                        return;
 138                }
 139        }
 140
 141        pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
 142        if (!pte_none(*pte) && pte_val(new_pte) &&
 143            pte_val(*pte) != (pte_val(new_pte) & __supported_pte_mask))
 144                pte_ERROR(*pte);
 145        set_pte(pte, new_pte);
 146
 147        /*
 148         * It's enough to flush this one mapping.
 149         * (PGE mappings get flushed as well)
 150         */
 151        __flush_tlb_one(vaddr);
 152}
 153
 154void
 155set_pte_vaddr(unsigned long vaddr, pte_t pteval)
 156{
 157        pgd_t *pgd;
 158        pud_t *pud_page;
 159
 160        pr_debug("set_pte_vaddr %lx to %lx\n", vaddr, native_pte_val(pteval));
 161
 162        pgd = pgd_offset_k(vaddr);
 163        if (pgd_none(*pgd)) {
 164                printk(KERN_ERR
 165                        "PGD FIXMAP MISSING, it should be setup in head.S!\n");
 166                return;
 167        }
 168        pud_page = (pud_t*)pgd_page_vaddr(*pgd);
 169        set_pte_vaddr_pud(pud_page, vaddr, pteval);
 170}
 171
 172/*
 173 * Create large page table mappings for a range of physical addresses.
 174 */
 175static void __init __init_extra_mapping(unsigned long phys, unsigned long size,
 176                                                pgprot_t prot)
 177{
 178        pgd_t *pgd;
 179        pud_t *pud;
 180        pmd_t *pmd;
 181
 182        BUG_ON((phys & ~PMD_MASK) || (size & ~PMD_MASK));
 183        for (; size; phys += PMD_SIZE, size -= PMD_SIZE) {
 184                pgd = pgd_offset_k((unsigned long)__va(phys));
 185                if (pgd_none(*pgd)) {
 186                        pud = (pud_t *) spp_getpage();
 187                        set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pud) | _KERNPG_TABLE |
 188                                                _PAGE_USER));
 189                }
 190                pud = pud_offset(pgd, (unsigned long)__va(phys));
 191                if (pud_none(*pud)) {
 192                        pmd = (pmd_t *) spp_getpage();
 193                        set_pud(pud, __pud(__pa(pmd) | _KERNPG_TABLE |
 194                                                _PAGE_USER));
 195                }
 196                pmd = pmd_offset(pud, phys);
 197                BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*pmd));
 198                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(phys | pgprot_val(prot)));
 199        }
 200}
 201
 202void __init init_extra_mapping_wb(unsigned long phys, unsigned long size)
 203{
 204        __init_extra_mapping(phys, size, PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE);
 205}
 206
 207void __init init_extra_mapping_uc(unsigned long phys, unsigned long size)
 208{
 209        __init_extra_mapping(phys, size, PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_NOCACHE);
 210}
 211
 212/*
 213 * The head.S code sets up the kernel high mapping:
 214 *
 215 *   from __START_KERNEL_map to __START_KERNEL_map + size (== _end-_text)
 216 *
 217 * phys_addr holds the negative offset to the kernel, which is added
 218 * to the compile time generated pmds. This results in invalid pmds up
 219 * to the point where we hit the physaddr 0 mapping.
 220 *
 221 * We limit the mappings to the region from _text to _end.  _end is
 222 * rounded up to the 2MB boundary. This catches the invalid pmds as
 223 * well, as they are located before _text:
 224 */
 225void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
 226{
 227        unsigned long vaddr = __START_KERNEL_map;
 228        unsigned long end = round_up((unsigned long)_end, PMD_SIZE) - 1;
 229        pmd_t *pmd = level2_kernel_pgt;
 230        pmd_t *last_pmd = pmd + PTRS_PER_PMD;
 231
 232        for (; pmd < last_pmd; pmd++, vaddr += PMD_SIZE) {
 233                if (pmd_none(*pmd))
 234                        continue;
 235                if (vaddr < (unsigned long) _text || vaddr > end)
 236                        set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(0));
 237        }
 238}
 239
 240static unsigned long __initdata table_start;
 241static unsigned long __meminitdata table_end;
 242static unsigned long __meminitdata table_top;
 243
 244static __ref void *alloc_low_page(unsigned long *phys)
 245{
 246        unsigned long pfn = table_end++;
 247        void *adr;
 248
 249        if (after_bootmem) {
 250                adr = (void *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_ATOMIC);
 251                *phys = __pa(adr);
 252
 253                return adr;
 254        }
 255
 256        if (pfn >= table_top)
 257                panic("alloc_low_page: ran out of memory");
 258
 259        adr = early_ioremap(pfn * PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
 260        memset(adr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
 261        *phys  = pfn * PAGE_SIZE;
 262        return adr;
 263}
 264
 265static __ref void unmap_low_page(void *adr)
 266{
 267        if (after_bootmem)
 268                return;
 269
 270        early_iounmap(adr, PAGE_SIZE);
 271}
 272
 273static unsigned long __meminit
 274phys_pte_init(pte_t *pte_page, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
 275{
 276        unsigned pages = 0;
 277        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 278        int i;
 279
 280        pte_t *pte = pte_page + pte_index(addr);
 281
 282        for(i = pte_index(addr); i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, pte++) {
 283
 284                if (addr >= end) {
 285                        if (!after_bootmem) {
 286                                for(; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++, pte++)
 287                                        set_pte(pte, __pte(0));
 288                        }
 289                        break;
 290                }
 291
 292                if (pte_val(*pte))
 293                        continue;
 294
 295                if (0)
 296                        printk("   pte=%p addr=%lx pte=%016lx\n",
 297                               pte, addr, pfn_pte(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL).pte);
 298                set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL));
 299                last_map_addr = (addr & PAGE_MASK) + PAGE_SIZE;
 300                pages++;
 301        }
 302        update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages);
 303
 304        return last_map_addr;
 305}
 306
 307static unsigned long __meminit
 308phys_pte_update(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long address, unsigned long end)
 309{
 310        pte_t *pte = (pte_t *)pmd_page_vaddr(*pmd);
 311
 312        return phys_pte_init(pte, address, end);
 313}
 314
 315static unsigned long __meminit
 316phys_pmd_init(pmd_t *pmd_page, unsigned long address, unsigned long end,
 317                         unsigned long page_size_mask)
 318{
 319        unsigned long pages = 0;
 320        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 321        unsigned long start = address;
 322
 323        int i = pmd_index(address);
 324
 325        for (; i < PTRS_PER_PMD; i++, address += PMD_SIZE) {
 326                unsigned long pte_phys;
 327                pmd_t *pmd = pmd_page + pmd_index(address);
 328                pte_t *pte;
 329
 330                if (address >= end) {
 331                        if (!after_bootmem) {
 332                                for (; i < PTRS_PER_PMD; i++, pmd++)
 333                                        set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(0));
 334                        }
 335                        break;
 336                }
 337
 338                if (pmd_val(*pmd)) {
 339                        if (!pmd_large(*pmd)) {
 340                                spin_lock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 341                                last_map_addr = phys_pte_update(pmd, address,
 342                                                                end);
 343                                spin_unlock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 344                        }
 345                        /* Count entries we're using from level2_ident_pgt */
 346                        if (start == 0)
 347                                pages++;
 348                        continue;
 349                }
 350
 351                if (page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M)) {
 352                        pages++;
 353                        spin_lock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 354                        set_pte((pte_t *)pmd,
 355                                pfn_pte(address >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE));
 356                        spin_unlock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 357                        last_map_addr = (address & PMD_MASK) + PMD_SIZE;
 358                        continue;
 359                }
 360
 361                pte = alloc_low_page(&pte_phys);
 362                last_map_addr = phys_pte_init(pte, address, end);
 363                unmap_low_page(pte);
 364
 365                spin_lock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 366                pmd_populate_kernel(&init_mm, pmd, __va(pte_phys));
 367                spin_unlock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 368        }
 369        update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages);
 370        return last_map_addr;
 371}
 372
 373static unsigned long __meminit
 374phys_pmd_update(pud_t *pud, unsigned long address, unsigned long end,
 375                         unsigned long page_size_mask)
 376{
 377        pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
 378        unsigned long last_map_addr;
 379
 380        last_map_addr = phys_pmd_init(pmd, address, end, page_size_mask);
 381        __flush_tlb_all();
 382        return last_map_addr;
 383}
 384
 385static unsigned long __meminit
 386phys_pud_init(pud_t *pud_page, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
 387                         unsigned long page_size_mask)
 388{
 389        unsigned long pages = 0;
 390        unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
 391        int i = pud_index(addr);
 392
 393        for (; i < PTRS_PER_PUD; i++, addr = (addr & PUD_MASK) + PUD_SIZE) {
 394                unsigned long pmd_phys;
 395                pud_t *pud = pud_page + pud_index(addr);
 396                pmd_t *pmd;
 397
 398                if (addr >= end)
 399                        break;
 400
 401                if (!after_bootmem &&
 402                                !e820_any_mapped(addr, addr+PUD_SIZE, 0)) {
 403                        set_pud(pud, __pud(0));
 404                        continue;
 405                }
 406
 407                if (pud_val(*pud)) {
 408                        if (!pud_large(*pud))
 409                                last_map_addr = phys_pmd_update(pud, addr, end,
 410                                                         page_size_mask);
 411                        continue;
 412                }
 413
 414                if (page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G)) {
 415                        pages++;
 416                        spin_lock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 417                        set_pte((pte_t *)pud,
 418                                pfn_pte(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE));
 419                        spin_unlock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 420                        last_map_addr = (addr & PUD_MASK) + PUD_SIZE;
 421                        continue;
 422                }
 423
 424                pmd = alloc_low_page(&pmd_phys);
 425                last_map_addr = phys_pmd_init(pmd, addr, end, page_size_mask);
 426                unmap_low_page(pmd);
 427
 428                spin_lock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 429                pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, __va(pmd_phys));
 430                spin_unlock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 431        }
 432        __flush_tlb_all();
 433        update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_1G, pages);
 434
 435        return last_map_addr;
 436}
 437
 438static unsigned long __meminit
 439phys_pud_update(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
 440                 unsigned long page_size_mask)
 441{
 442        pud_t *pud;
 443
 444        pud = (pud_t *)pgd_page_vaddr(*pgd);
 445
 446        return phys_pud_init(pud, addr, end, page_size_mask);
 447}
 448
 449static void __init find_early_table_space(unsigned long end)
 450{
 451        unsigned long puds, pmds, ptes, tables, start;
 452
 453        puds = (end + PUD_SIZE - 1) >> PUD_SHIFT;
 454        tables = round_up(puds * sizeof(pud_t), PAGE_SIZE);
 455        if (direct_gbpages) {
 456                unsigned long extra;
 457                extra = end - ((end>>PUD_SHIFT) << PUD_SHIFT);
 458                pmds = (extra + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 459        } else
 460                pmds = (end + PMD_SIZE - 1) >> PMD_SHIFT;
 461        tables += round_up(pmds * sizeof(pmd_t), PAGE_SIZE);
 462
 463        if (cpu_has_pse) {
 464                unsigned long extra;
 465                extra = end - ((end>>PMD_SHIFT) << PMD_SHIFT);
 466                ptes = (extra + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 467        } else
 468                ptes = (end + PAGE_SIZE - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 469        tables += round_up(ptes * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
 470
 471        /*
 472         * RED-PEN putting page tables only on node 0 could
 473         * cause a hotspot and fill up ZONE_DMA. The page tables
 474         * need roughly 0.5KB per GB.
 475         */
 476        start = 0x8000;
 477        table_start = find_e820_area(start, end, tables, PAGE_SIZE);
 478        if (table_start == -1UL)
 479                panic("Cannot find space for the kernel page tables");
 480
 481        table_start >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
 482        table_end = table_start;
 483        table_top = table_start + (tables >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 484
 485        printk(KERN_DEBUG "kernel direct mapping tables up to %lx @ %lx-%lx\n",
 486                end, table_start << PAGE_SHIFT, table_top << PAGE_SHIFT);
 487}
 488
 489static void __init init_gbpages(void)
 490{
 491        if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
 492                printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
 493        else
 494                direct_gbpages = 0;
 495}
 496
 497static unsigned long __init kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
 498                                                unsigned long end,
 499                                                unsigned long page_size_mask)
 500{
 501
 502        unsigned long next, last_map_addr = end;
 503
 504        start = (unsigned long)__va(start);
 505        end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
 506
 507        for (; start < end; start = next) {
 508                pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset_k(start);
 509                unsigned long pud_phys;
 510                pud_t *pud;
 511
 512                next = (start + PGDIR_SIZE) & PGDIR_MASK;
 513                if (next > end)
 514                        next = end;
 515
 516                if (pgd_val(*pgd)) {
 517                        last_map_addr = phys_pud_update(pgd, __pa(start),
 518                                                 __pa(end), page_size_mask);
 519                        continue;
 520                }
 521
 522                pud = alloc_low_page(&pud_phys);
 523                last_map_addr = phys_pud_init(pud, __pa(start), __pa(next),
 524                                                 page_size_mask);
 525                unmap_low_page(pud);
 526
 527                spin_lock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 528                pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, __va(pud_phys));
 529                spin_unlock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
 530        }
 531
 532        return last_map_addr;
 533}
 534
 535struct map_range {
 536        unsigned long start;
 537        unsigned long end;
 538        unsigned page_size_mask;
 539};
 540
 541#define NR_RANGE_MR 5
 542
 543static int save_mr(struct map_range *mr, int nr_range,
 544                   unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn,
 545                   unsigned long page_size_mask)
 546{
 547
 548        if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
 549                if (nr_range >= NR_RANGE_MR)
 550                        panic("run out of range for init_memory_mapping\n");
 551                mr[nr_range].start = start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
 552                mr[nr_range].end   = end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
 553                mr[nr_range].page_size_mask = page_size_mask;
 554                nr_range++;
 555        }
 556
 557        return nr_range;
 558}
 559
 560/*
 561 * Setup the direct mapping of the physical memory at PAGE_OFFSET.
 562 * This runs before bootmem is initialized and gets pages directly from
 563 * the physical memory. To access them they are temporarily mapped.
 564 */
 565unsigned long __init_refok init_memory_mapping(unsigned long start,
 566                                               unsigned long end)
 567{
 568        unsigned long last_map_addr = 0;
 569        unsigned long page_size_mask = 0;
 570        unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
 571
 572        struct map_range mr[NR_RANGE_MR];
 573        int nr_range, i;
 574
 575        printk(KERN_INFO "init_memory_mapping\n");
 576
 577        /*
 578         * Find space for the kernel direct mapping tables.
 579         *
 580         * Later we should allocate these tables in the local node of the
 581         * memory mapped. Unfortunately this is done currently before the
 582         * nodes are discovered.
 583         */
 584        if (!after_bootmem)
 585                init_gbpages();
 586
 587        if (direct_gbpages)
 588                page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_1G;
 589        if (cpu_has_pse)
 590                page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_2M;
 591
 592        memset(mr, 0, sizeof(mr));
 593        nr_range = 0;
 594
 595        /* head if not big page alignment ?*/
 596        start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 597        end_pfn = ((start + (PMD_SIZE - 1)) >> PMD_SHIFT)
 598                        << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
 599        nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
 600
 601        /* big page (2M) range*/
 602        start_pfn = ((start + (PMD_SIZE - 1))>>PMD_SHIFT)
 603                         << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
 604        end_pfn = ((start + (PUD_SIZE - 1))>>PUD_SHIFT)
 605                         << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
 606        if (end_pfn > ((end>>PUD_SHIFT)<<(PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)))
 607                end_pfn = ((end>>PUD_SHIFT)<<(PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT));
 608        nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
 609                        page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
 610
 611        /* big page (1G) range */
 612        start_pfn = end_pfn;
 613        end_pfn = (end>>PUD_SHIFT) << (PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
 614        nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
 615                                page_size_mask &
 616                                 ((1<<PG_LEVEL_2M)|(1<<PG_LEVEL_1G)));
 617
 618        /* tail is not big page (1G) alignment */
 619        start_pfn = end_pfn;
 620        end_pfn = (end>>PMD_SHIFT) << (PMD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
 621        nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
 622                        page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
 623
 624        /* tail is not big page (2M) alignment */
 625        start_pfn = end_pfn;
 626        end_pfn = end>>PAGE_SHIFT;
 627        nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
 628
 629        /* try to merge same page size and continuous */
 630        for (i = 0; nr_range > 1 && i < nr_range - 1; i++) {
 631                unsigned long old_start;
 632                if (mr[i].end != mr[i+1].start ||
 633                    mr[i].page_size_mask != mr[i+1].page_size_mask)
 634                        continue;
 635                /* move it */
 636                old_start = mr[i].start;
 637                memmove(&mr[i], &mr[i+1],
 638                         (nr_range - 1 - i) * sizeof (struct map_range));
 639                mr[i].start = old_start;
 640                nr_range--;
 641        }
 642
 643        for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
 644                printk(KERN_DEBUG " %010lx - %010lx page %s\n",
 645                                mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
 646                        (mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G))?"1G":(
 647                         (mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M))?"2M":"4k"));
 648
 649        if (!after_bootmem)
 650                find_early_table_space(end);
 651
 652        for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
 653                last_map_addr = kernel_physical_mapping_init(
 654                                        mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
 655                                        mr[i].page_size_mask);
 656
 657        if (!after_bootmem)
 658                mmu_cr4_features = read_cr4();
 659        __flush_tlb_all();
 660
 661        if (!after_bootmem && table_end > table_start)
 662                reserve_early(table_start << PAGE_SHIFT,
 663                                 table_end << PAGE_SHIFT, "PGTABLE");
 664
 665        printk(KERN_INFO "last_map_addr: %lx end: %lx\n",
 666                         last_map_addr, end);
 667
 668        if (!after_bootmem)
 669                early_memtest(start, end);
 670
 671        return last_map_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 672}
 673
 674#ifndef CONFIG_NUMA
 675void __init initmem_init(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
 676{
 677        unsigned long bootmap_size, bootmap;
 678
 679        bootmap_size = bootmem_bootmap_pages(end_pfn)<<PAGE_SHIFT;
 680        bootmap = find_e820_area(0, end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT, bootmap_size,
 681                                 PAGE_SIZE);
 682        if (bootmap == -1L)
 683                panic("Cannot find bootmem map of size %ld\n", bootmap_size);
 684        /* don't touch min_low_pfn */
 685        bootmap_size = init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(0), bootmap >> PAGE_SHIFT,
 686                                         0, end_pfn);
 687        e820_register_active_regions(0, start_pfn, end_pfn);
 688        free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, end_pfn);
 689        early_res_to_bootmem(0, end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
 690        reserve_bootmem(bootmap, bootmap_size, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
 691}
 692
 693void __init paging_init(void)
 694{
 695        unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES];
 696
 697        memset(max_zone_pfns, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns));
 698        max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA] = MAX_DMA_PFN;
 699        max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA32] = MAX_DMA32_PFN;
 700        max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_pfn;
 701
 702        memory_present(0, 0, max_pfn);
 703        sparse_init();
 704        free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
 705}
 706#endif
 707
 708/*
 709 * Memory hotplug specific functions
 710 */
 711#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
 712/*
 713 * Memory is added always to NORMAL zone. This means you will never get
 714 * additional DMA/DMA32 memory.
 715 */
 716int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
 717{
 718        struct pglist_data *pgdat = NODE_DATA(nid);
 719        struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + ZONE_NORMAL;
 720        unsigned long last_mapped_pfn, start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 721        unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 722        int ret;
 723
 724        last_mapped_pfn = init_memory_mapping(start, start + size-1);
 725        if (last_mapped_pfn > max_pfn_mapped)
 726                max_pfn_mapped = last_mapped_pfn;
 727
 728        ret = __add_pages(zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
 729        WARN_ON(1);
 730
 731        return ret;
 732}
 733EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arch_add_memory);
 734
 735#if !defined(CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
 736int memory_add_physaddr_to_nid(u64 start)
 737{
 738        return 0;
 739}
 740EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(memory_add_physaddr_to_nid);
 741#endif
 742
 743#endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
 744
 745/*
 746 * devmem_is_allowed() checks to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
 747 * is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
 748 *
 749 *
 750 * On x86, access has to be given to the first megabyte of ram because that area
 751 * contains bios code and data regions used by X and dosemu and similar apps.
 752 * Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the PCI
 753 * mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
 754 */
 755int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pagenr)
 756{
 757        if (pagenr <= 256)
 758                return 1;
 759        if (!page_is_ram(pagenr))
 760                return 1;
 761        return 0;
 762}
 763
 764
 765static struct kcore_list kcore_mem, kcore_vmalloc, kcore_kernel,
 766                         kcore_modules, kcore_vsyscall;
 767
 768void __init mem_init(void)
 769{
 770        long codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize;
 771
 772        pci_iommu_alloc();
 773
 774        /* clear_bss() already clear the empty_zero_page */
 775
 776        reservedpages = 0;
 777
 778        /* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
 779#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 780        totalram_pages = numa_free_all_bootmem();
 781#else
 782        totalram_pages = free_all_bootmem();
 783#endif
 784        reservedpages = max_pfn - totalram_pages -
 785                                        absent_pages_in_range(0, max_pfn);
 786        after_bootmem = 1;
 787
 788        codesize =  (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
 789        datasize =  (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_etext;
 790        initsize =  (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
 791
 792        /* Register memory areas for /proc/kcore */
 793        kclist_add(&kcore_mem, __va(0), max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
 794        kclist_add(&kcore_vmalloc, (void *)VMALLOC_START,
 795                   VMALLOC_END-VMALLOC_START);
 796        kclist_add(&kcore_kernel, &_stext, _end - _stext);
 797        kclist_add(&kcore_modules, (void *)MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_LEN);
 798        kclist_add(&kcore_vsyscall, (void *)VSYSCALL_START,
 799                                 VSYSCALL_END - VSYSCALL_START);
 800
 801        printk(KERN_INFO "Memory: %luk/%luk available (%ldk kernel code, "
 802                                "%ldk reserved, %ldk data, %ldk init)\n",
 803                (unsigned long) nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 804                max_pfn << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 805                codesize >> 10,
 806                reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
 807                datasize >> 10,
 808                initsize >> 10);
 809
 810        cpa_init();
 811}
 812
 813void free_init_pages(char *what, unsigned long begin, unsigned long end)
 814{
 815        unsigned long addr = begin;
 816
 817        if (addr >= end)
 818                return;
 819
 820        /*
 821         * If debugging page accesses then do not free this memory but
 822         * mark them not present - any buggy init-section access will
 823         * create a kernel page fault:
 824         */
 825#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
 826        printk(KERN_INFO "debug: unmapping init memory %08lx..%08lx\n",
 827                begin, PAGE_ALIGN(end));
 828        set_memory_np(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 829#else
 830        printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s: %luk freed\n", what, (end - begin) >> 10);
 831
 832        for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 833                ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
 834                init_page_count(virt_to_page(addr));
 835                memset((void *)(addr & ~(PAGE_SIZE-1)),
 836                        POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
 837                free_page(addr);
 838                totalram_pages++;
 839        }
 840#endif
 841}
 842
 843void free_initmem(void)
 844{
 845        free_init_pages("unused kernel memory",
 846                        (unsigned long)(&__init_begin),
 847                        (unsigned long)(&__init_end));
 848}
 849
 850#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
 851const int rodata_test_data = 0xC3;
 852EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rodata_test_data);
 853
 854void mark_rodata_ro(void)
 855{
 856        unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_stext), end = PFN_ALIGN(__end_rodata);
 857        unsigned long rodata_start =
 858                ((unsigned long)__start_rodata + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & PAGE_MASK;
 859
 860#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
 861        /* Dynamic tracing modifies the kernel text section */
 862        start = rodata_start;
 863#endif
 864
 865        printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
 866               (end - start) >> 10);
 867        set_memory_ro(start, (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 868
 869        /*
 870         * The rodata section (but not the kernel text!) should also be
 871         * not-executable.
 872         */
 873        set_memory_nx(rodata_start, (end - rodata_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 874
 875        rodata_test();
 876
 877#ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
 878        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, end);
 879        set_memory_rw(start, (end-start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 880
 881        printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: again\n");
 882        set_memory_ro(start, (end-start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 883#endif
 884}
 885
 886#endif
 887
 888#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
 889void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 890{
 891        free_init_pages("initrd memory", start, end);
 892}
 893#endif
 894
 895int __init reserve_bootmem_generic(unsigned long phys, unsigned long len,
 896                                   int flags)
 897{
 898#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 899        int nid, next_nid;
 900        int ret;
 901#endif
 902        unsigned long pfn = phys >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 903
 904        if (pfn >= max_pfn) {
 905                /*
 906                 * This can happen with kdump kernels when accessing
 907                 * firmware tables:
 908                 */
 909                if (pfn < max_pfn_mapped)
 910                        return -EFAULT;
 911
 912                printk(KERN_ERR "reserve_bootmem: illegal reserve %lx %lu\n",
 913                                phys, len);
 914                return -EFAULT;
 915        }
 916
 917        /* Should check here against the e820 map to avoid double free */
 918#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 919        nid = phys_to_nid(phys);
 920        next_nid = phys_to_nid(phys + len - 1);
 921        if (nid == next_nid)
 922                ret = reserve_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nid), phys, len, flags);
 923        else
 924                ret = reserve_bootmem(phys, len, flags);
 925
 926        if (ret != 0)
 927                return ret;
 928
 929#else
 930        reserve_bootmem(phys, len, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT);
 931#endif
 932
 933        if (phys+len <= MAX_DMA_PFN*PAGE_SIZE) {
 934                dma_reserve += len / PAGE_SIZE;
 935                set_dma_reserve(dma_reserve);
 936        }
 937
 938        return 0;
 939}
 940
 941int kern_addr_valid(unsigned long addr)
 942{
 943        unsigned long above = ((long)addr) >> __VIRTUAL_MASK_SHIFT;
 944        pgd_t *pgd;
 945        pud_t *pud;
 946        pmd_t *pmd;
 947        pte_t *pte;
 948
 949        if (above != 0 && above != -1UL)
 950                return 0;
 951
 952        pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
 953        if (pgd_none(*pgd))
 954                return 0;
 955
 956        pud = pud_offset(pgd, addr);
 957        if (pud_none(*pud))
 958                return 0;
 959
 960        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
 961        if (pmd_none(*pmd))
 962                return 0;
 963
 964        if (pmd_large(*pmd))
 965                return pfn_valid(pmd_pfn(*pmd));
 966
 967        pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
 968        if (pte_none(*pte))
 969                return 0;
 970
 971        return pfn_valid(pte_pfn(*pte));
 972}
 973
 974/*
 975 * A pseudo VMA to allow ptrace access for the vsyscall page.  This only
 976 * covers the 64bit vsyscall page now. 32bit has a real VMA now and does
 977 * not need special handling anymore:
 978 */
 979static struct vm_area_struct gate_vma = {
 980        .vm_start       = VSYSCALL_START,
 981        .vm_end         = VSYSCALL_START + (VSYSCALL_MAPPED_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE),
 982        .vm_page_prot   = PAGE_READONLY_EXEC,
 983        .vm_flags       = VM_READ | VM_EXEC
 984};
 985
 986struct vm_area_struct *get_gate_vma(struct task_struct *tsk)
 987{
 988#ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
 989        if (test_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_IA32))
 990                return NULL;
 991#endif
 992        return &gate_vma;
 993}
 994
 995int in_gate_area(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long addr)
 996{
 997        struct vm_area_struct *vma = get_gate_vma(task);
 998
 999        if (!vma)
1000                return 0;
1001
1002        return (addr >= vma->vm_start) && (addr < vma->vm_end);
1003}
1004
1005/*
1006 * Use this when you have no reliable task/vma, typically from interrupt
1007 * context. It is less reliable than using the task's vma and may give
1008 * false positives:
1009 */
1010int in_gate_area_no_task(unsigned long addr)
1011{
1012        return (addr >= VSYSCALL_START) && (addr < VSYSCALL_END);
1013}
1014
1015const char *arch_vma_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1016{
1017        if (vma->vm_mm && vma->vm_start == (long)vma->vm_mm->context.vdso)
1018                return "[vdso]";
1019        if (vma == &gate_vma)
1020                return "[vsyscall]";
1021        return NULL;
1022}
1023
1024#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
1025/*
1026 * Initialise the sparsemem vmemmap using huge-pages at the PMD level.
1027 */
1028static long __meminitdata addr_start, addr_end;
1029static void __meminitdata *p_start, *p_end;
1030static int __meminitdata node_start;
1031
1032int __meminit
1033vmemmap_populate(struct page *start_page, unsigned long size, int node)
1034{
1035        unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)start_page;
1036        unsigned long end = (unsigned long)(start_page + size);
1037        unsigned long next;
1038        pgd_t *pgd;
1039        pud_t *pud;
1040        pmd_t *pmd;
1041
1042        for (; addr < end; addr = next) {
1043                void *p = NULL;
1044
1045                pgd = vmemmap_pgd_populate(addr, node);
1046                if (!pgd)
1047                        return -ENOMEM;
1048
1049                pud = vmemmap_pud_populate(pgd, addr, node);
1050                if (!pud)
1051                        return -ENOMEM;
1052
1053                if (!cpu_has_pse) {
1054                        next = (addr + PAGE_SIZE) & PAGE_MASK;
1055                        pmd = vmemmap_pmd_populate(pud, addr, node);
1056
1057                        if (!pmd)
1058                                return -ENOMEM;
1059
1060                        p = vmemmap_pte_populate(pmd, addr, node);
1061
1062                        if (!p)
1063                                return -ENOMEM;
1064
1065                        addr_end = addr + PAGE_SIZE;
1066                        p_end = p + PAGE_SIZE;
1067                } else {
1068                        next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
1069
1070                        pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
1071                        if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
1072                                pte_t entry;
1073
1074                                p = vmemmap_alloc_block(PMD_SIZE, node);
1075                                if (!p)
1076                                        return -ENOMEM;
1077
1078                                entry = pfn_pte(__pa(p) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
1079                                                PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE);
1080                                set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(pte_val(entry)));
1081
1082                                /* check to see if we have contiguous blocks */
1083                                if (p_end != p || node_start != node) {
1084                                        if (p_start)
1085                                                printk(KERN_DEBUG " [%lx-%lx] PMD -> [%p-%p] on node %d\n",
1086                                                       addr_start, addr_end-1, p_start, p_end-1, node_start);
1087                                        addr_start = addr;
1088                                        node_start = node;
1089                                        p_start = p;
1090                                }
1091
1092                                addr_end = addr + PMD_SIZE;
1093                                p_end = p + PMD_SIZE;
1094                        } else
1095                                vmemmap_verify((pte_t *)pmd, node, addr, next);
1096                }
1097
1098        }
1099        return 0;
1100}
1101
1102void __meminit vmemmap_populate_print_last(void)
1103{
1104        if (p_start) {
1105                printk(KERN_DEBUG " [%lx-%lx] PMD -> [%p-%p] on node %d\n",
1106                        addr_start, addr_end-1, p_start, p_end-1, node_start);
1107                p_start = NULL;
1108                p_end = NULL;
1109                node_start = 0;
1110        }
1111}
1112#endif
1113
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